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Mediterranean Diet and Survival Among Patients With Coronary Heart Disease in Greece
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The Mediterranean diet has been hypothesized to reduce fatality among patients with coronary heart disease. METHODS: We examined the association between the degree of adherence to the traditional Mediterranean diet and survival of persons with diagnosed coronary heart disease at enrollment, in a population-based prospective investigation of 1302 Greek men and women, who were followed up for an average of 3.78 years (the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition cohort). Information on usual dietary intakes during the year preceding enrollment was recorded through a validated food frequency questionnaire. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was assessed by a 10-unit Mediterranean diet score that incorporates the salient characteristics of this diet. Proportional hazards regression was used to assess the relation of overall degree of adherence to the Mediterranean diet with mortality overall or by cause (cardiac vs noncardiac). RESULTS: Higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet by 2 units was associated with a 27% lower mortality rate among persons with prevalent coronary heart disease at enrollment (total deaths, 131; adjusted mortality ratio, 0.73; 95% confidence interval, 0.58-0.93). The reduced mortality was more evident and amounted to 31% (total deaths, 85; adjusted mortality ratio, 0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.52-0.93) when only cardiac deaths were considered as the relevant outcome. Associations between individual food groups contributing to the Mediterranean diet score and mortality were generally not significant. CONCLUSION: Greater adherence to the traditional Mediterranean diet is associated with a significant reduction in mortality among individuals diagnosed as having coronary heart disease.
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“Furthermore, as evidenced in several randomized trials, adherence to typical dietary habits of the Mediterranean countries, may help in reducing all-cause and CVD-related mortality in patients with T2D [37,38], which is consistent with the proof of anti-hypertensive effects for specific nutrients of the MedDiet [39].”
From Mediterranean diet nutrients to turn the tide against insulin resistance and related diseases (2020) · cites this paper as [37]
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“Furthermore, several additional, large cohort studies have been published on nut consumption and CAD risk (5,8,9).”
From Nut consumption in relation to cardiovascular disease risk and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies (2014) · cites this paper as [5]
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“However, results have been inconsistent (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9).”
From Nut consumption in relation to cardiovascular disease risk and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies (2014) · cites this paper as [5]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Trichopoulou, A., Bamia, C., & Trichopoulos, D.
- Affiliations
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (GR)
- Venue
- Archives of Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2005-04-25
- Volume
- 165
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 929
- ISSN
- 0003-9926 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1965775659
- Semantic Scholar
- 55f5e289d0253ca1b9c09ebc4db3b1adf3d296f6
- Cited by
- 266
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 25
- FWCI
- 22.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Keywords
- Mediterranean diet, coronary artery disease, dietary adherence, mortality, cardiovascular mortality, food frequency questionnaire, Mediterranean diet score, Greek population
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Coronary Disease, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Greece, Humans, Life Style, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Compliance, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Survival Rate, Confidence Intervals, Diet, Mediterranean
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