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Cited by 177Bipolar Disorder and TreatmentTreatment of Major DepressionMental Health Research Topics

The "Switch Process" in Manic-Depressive Illness: I. A Systematic Study of Sequential Behavioral Changes

Bunney, William E.·1972·Archives of General Psychiatry
DOI 10.1001/archpsyc.1972.01750270005001
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Abstract

This paper presents the first of a three-part report on behavioral and biological aspects of the "switch process" in a group of manicdepressive patients. It documents a regular temporal pattern of change in thought and mood observed during ten spontaneous episodes of switches from depression into mania and seven episodes of switches out of mania into depression. Patients were described in detail and their behavior rated every eight hours on a longitudinal basis throughout these periods of change. The depressive period prior to the switch into mania was characterized by moderate depression, seclusiveness, nonverbalization, and dozing. Each of the ten episodes of mania was preceded by a normal or transitional period which was manifested by sudden appearance of spontaneous speech and motor activity and normalization of mood. Total sleep time was markedly reduced on the day prior to the switch into mania and remained low during the manic period.

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Crossref · 10.1001/archpsyc.1972.01750270005001

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19 of 19 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • In bipolar disorder, episodes of mania and depression are accompanied by dramatic changes in the timing and duration of sleep.

    “In bipolar disorder, episodes of mania and depression are accompanied by dramatic changes in the timing and duration of sleep1–4.”

    From Bipolar mood cycles associated with lunar entrainment of a circadian rhythm (2018) · cites this paper as [1]

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Authors
Bunney, W. E.
Corresponding author
Bunney, William E.
ORCID
Bunney, William E.
Venue
Archives of General Psychiatry
Publisher
American Medical Association (AMA)
Published
1972-09-01
Volume
27
Issue
3
Pages
295
ISSN
0003-990X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1001/archpsyc.1972.01750270005001
OpenAlex
W2084987373
Cited by
177
References
19
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 3
FWCI
7.49
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Archives of General Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
Keywords
bipolar disorder, mania, depression, mood changes, behavior change, sleep deprivation, spontaneous speech
MeSH terms
Affect, Aggression, Arousal, Behavior, Bipolar Disorder, Humans, Motor Activity, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Sleep, Social Isolation, Stress, Psychological, Time Factors, Verbal Behavior

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