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The Stages of Mania: A Longitudinal Analysis of the Manic Episode
Abstract
The progression of symptoms during an acute manic episode was studied retrospectively in 20 bipolar manic-depressive patients whose diagnosis was reconfirmed at follow-up. Three stages were delineated, the most severe of which was manifested by bizarre behavior, hallucinations, paranoia, and extreme dysphoria. Despite symptoms that might have otherwise prompted a diagnosis of schizophrenia, patients appeared clearly manic both earlier in the course and later as the episode was resolving. The level of functioning was ascertained at follow-up and compared statistically with the level of psychotic disorganization during the acute manic episode; no relationship was found. The advantages of using a longitudinal view of a psychotic episode as a diagnostic tool is discussed.
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Citations
Cites
Bunney, W. E. (1972) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1972.01750270005001 · Cited by 177
Cited by
A Rating Scale for Mania: Reliability, Validity and Sensitivity
Young, R. C., Biggs, J. T., Ziegler, V. E., & Meyer, D. A. (1978) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.133.5.429 · Cited by 8,744
Sensorimotor Gating and Schizophrenia: Human and Animal Model Studies
Braff, D. L. (1990) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1990.01810140081011 · Cited by 1,309
The Prodromal Phase of First-episode Psychosis: Past and Current Conceptualizations
Yung, A. R., & McGorry, P. D. (1996) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/22.2.353 · Cited by 1,168
Akiskal, H. S., Bourgeois, M. L., Angst, J., Post, R., Möller, H.-J., & Hirschfeld, R. (2000) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/s0165-0327(00)00203-2 · Cited by 874
Secondary Mania: Manic Syndromes Associated With Antecedent Physical Illness or Drugs
Krauthammer, C. (1978) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1978.01770350059005 · Cited by 648
Metadata
- Authors
- Carlson, G. A.
- Venue
- Archives of General Psychiatry
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 1973-02-01
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 221
- ISSN
- 0003-990X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2075059442
- Cited by
- 424
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 11.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
