The DOI matches its Crossref record; 26 of the 27 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Short and Long Sleep and Sleeping Pills: Is Increased Mortality Associated?
Abstract
Prospective epidemiologic data of the American Cancer Society disclosed that reported usual sleep durations among groups who complained of insomnia and sleeping pill use "often" overlapped with those of groups who had no complaints. Reports of insomnia were not consistently associated with increased mortality when several factors were controlled; however, men who reported usually sleeping less than four hours were 2.80 times as likely to have died within six years as men who reported 7.0 to 7.9 hours of sleep. The ratio for women was 1.48. Men and women who reported sleeping ten hours or more had about 1.8 times the mortality of those who reported 7.0 to 7.9 hours of sleep. Those who reported using sleeping pills "often" had 1.5 times the mortality of those who "never" used sleeping pills. These results do not prove that mortality could be reduced by altering sleep durations or by reducing hypnotic prescribing. Rather, studies are needed to determine the causes of these mortality risk factors.
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In the citing paper
“This particularly important since prescription hypnotic medications may carry significant risks(239-243).”
From Sleep: important considerations for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (2016) · cites this paper as [243]
In the citing paper
“Data from the 2008 “Sleep in America” poll of the National Sleep Foundation indicate that although working adults report a sleep need of an average of 7h18min to function at best, the average sleep duration is 6h40min, with 44% of them sleeping less than 7h on a typical week-night (as opposed to only 15.6% in 1960 [10]), and 16% less than 6h”
From Role of sleep duration in the regulation of glucose metabolism and appetite (2010) · cites this paper as [10]
Citations
Cites
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(1976) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.133.12.1382 · Cited by 549
Some preliminary findings on physical complaints from a prospective study of 1,064,004 men and women
Hammond, E. C. (1964) · American Journal of Public Health and the Nations Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.54.1.11 · Cited by 401
Relationship of health practices and mortality
Belloc, N. B. (1973) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/0091-7435(73)90009-1 · Cited by 392
Electroencephalography (EEG) of human sleep : clinical applications
Williams, R. L., Karacan, I., & Hursch, C. J. (1974) · Wiley eBooks · Cited by 319
Recorded and Reported Sleep in Chronic Primary Insomnia
Frankel, B. L. (1976) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1976.01770050067011 · Cited by 297
Coronary Heart Disease, Stroke, and Aortic Aneurysm
Hammond, E., & Garfinkel, L. (1969) · Archives of Environmental Health An International Journal · doi:10.1080/00039896.1969.10666825 · Cited by 274
Personality Patterns in Insomnia
Kales, A. (1976) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1976.01770090118013 · Cited by 246
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research
Buysse, D. J., Reynolds, C. F., Monk, T. H., Berman, S. R., & Kupfer, D. J. (1989) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4 · Cited by 35,234
Spiegel, K., Tasali, E., Penev, P., & Cauter, E. V. (2004) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-141-11-200412070-00008 · Cited by 2,459
European guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia
Riemann, D., Baglioni, C., Bassetti, C., Bjorvatn, B., Dolenc Groselj, L., Ellis, J. G., Espie, C. A., Garcia‐Borreguero, D., Gjerstad, M., Gonçalves, M., et al. (2017) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.12594 · Cited by 2,049
Mortality Associated With Sleep Duration and Insomnia
Kripke, D. F., Garfinkel, L., Wingard, D. L., Klauber, M. R., & Marler, M. R. (2002) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.59.2.131 · Cited by 1,614
Self-citationThe metabolic consequences of sleep deprivation
Knutson, K. L., Spiegel, K., Penev, P., & Van Cauter, E. (2007) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2007.01.002 · Cited by 1,365
Metadata
- Authors
- Kripke, D. F.
- Corresponding author
- Kripke, Daniel F.
- ORCID
- Kripke, Daniel F.
- Venue
- Archives of General Psychiatry
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 1979-01-01
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 103
- ISSN
- 0003-990X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2151482188
- Cited by
- 660
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 35 · 2012: 30
- FWCI
- 9.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of General Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Keywords
- sleep duration, insomnia, hypnotics, mortality, sex differences, long sleep, short sleep duration, hypnotic prescribing
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Cerebrovascular Disorders, Coronary Disease, Female, Humans, Hypnotics and Sedatives, Male, Middle Aged, Mortality, Neoplasms, Sex Factors, Sleep, Suicide, Time Factors
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