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Our Trainees’ Confidence: Results From a National Survey of 4136 US General Surgery Residents
Abstract
Objectives To characterize factors shaping surgery resident confidence and determine whether confidence is associated with future specialty training. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Survey administered at the 2008 American Board of Surgery In-Service Training Examination. Participants All categorical general surgery residents. Interventions National Study of Expectations and Attitudes of Residents in Surgery survey. Participants reported demographics and level of agreement for 46 items regarding confidence, training, and professional plans. Main outcomes measures Survey items "My operating skill level is appropriate" and "I may not feel confident enough to perform procedures independently before training completion." We compared demographics and responses among residents who did/not feel confident. Results Response rate was 77.4%. Residents who were female, single, or without children and at a lower postgraduate year had less confidence in their operating skill, as did residents at larger, university-based programs, in the northeastern United States. Residents worried about competence were more likely to believe specialty training was needed (71.2% vs 60.2%; P Conclusions Sex, marital status, children, and postgraduate year are predictors of confidence, as are program location, type, and size. Residency programs may target modifiable factors contributing to low surgical confidence.
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In the citing paper
“Progression of surgery residency training depends on the development of confidence [18].”
From How Can We Reduce Attrition in General Surgery Residents? (2018) · cites this paper as [18]
In the citing paper
“Women must make more sacrifices during residences such as marriage and childbearing [18].”
From How Can We Reduce Attrition in General Surgery Residents? (2018) · cites this paper as [18]
In the citing paper
“Residents are concerned about their performance [18].”
From How Can We Reduce Attrition in General Surgery Residents? (2018) · cites this paper as [18]
In the citing paper
“The most common benefit for female surgery residents and practicing general surgeons is formal maternity leave [18].”
From How Can We Reduce Attrition in General Surgery Residents? (2018) · cites this paper as [18]
In the citing paper
“Senior medical students in surgery improve their confidence during residency [12,18].”
From How Can We Reduce Attrition in General Surgery Residents? (2018) · cites this paper as [18]
In the citing paper
“Confidence is better in community programs, programs with fewer chief residents, and programs without fellowships [18].”
From How Can We Reduce Attrition in General Surgery Residents? (2018) · cites this paper as [18]
In the citing paper
“Practical learning experiences increase confidence [18].”
From How Can We Reduce Attrition in General Surgery Residents? (2018) · cites this paper as [18]
In the citing paper
“Normally, confidence increases with progression of residency training culminating with the ability of a chief or senior resident to function as a junior attending and ultimately to practice general surgery independently. [18].”
From How Can We Reduce Attrition in General Surgery Residents? (2018) · cites this paper as [18]
In the citing paper
“Decreased confidence is associated with the need to pursue further training in a fellowship [18].”
From How Can We Reduce Attrition in General Surgery Residents? (2018) · cites this paper as [18]
In the citing paper
“Female surgery residents worry about their performance more than males and often this results in quitting residency [18].”
From How Can We Reduce Attrition in General Surgery Residents? (2018) · cites this paper as [18]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Bucholz, E. M.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bucholz, Emily M.
- ORCID
- Bucholz, Emily M.
- Venue
- Archives of Surgery
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2011-08-01
- Volume
- 146
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 907
- ISSN
- 0004-0010 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1985393754
- Cited by
- 244
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 10.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Surgery (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Yale University
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Innovations in Medical Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Surgical Simulation and Training
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Diversity and Career in Medicine
- Keywords
- operating skills, surgical proficiency, gender differences, marital status, postgraduate year, residency program size, program location, fellowship training, help-seeking, resident satisfaction
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Attitude of Health Personnel, Career Choice, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Internship and Residency, Male, Self Concept, Specialties, Surgical, General Surgery
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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