The DOI matches its Crossref record; 51 of the 57 references it cites were found in a registry or an index, and 1 are not checked yet.
Comparison of Health, Development, Maternal Bonding, and Poverty Among Children Born After Denial of Abortion vs After Pregnancies Subsequent to an Abortion
Open accessAbstract
Importance: Evidence indicates that there are potential health, development, and maternal bonding consequences for children born from unwanted pregnancies. Objective: To examine the association of women receiving or being denied a wanted abortion with their children's health and well-being. Design, Setting, and Participants: A 5-year longitudinal observational study with a quasi-experimental design conducted between January 18, 2008, and January 25, 2016, examined women who received abortions just under the gestational age limit of 30 abortion facilities across the United States and women who were denied abortion just beyond the gestational age limit in these facilities. Analyses compared the children of 146 women who were denied an abortion (index children) with children born to 182 women who received an abortion and had a subsequent child within 5 years (subsequent children). Interview-to-interview retention averaged 94.5% (6895 of 7293) across the 11 semi-annual interviews. Exposures: Being born after denial of abortion vs after a new pregnancy subsequent to an abortion. Main Outcomes and Measures: Perinatal outcomes and child health, child development, maternal bonding, socioeconomics, and household structure. Results: This study included 328 women who had children during the study period (mean [SD] age at study recruitment, 23.7 [4.9] years). There were no differences by study group in consent to participate in the study, completion of first interview, or continuation in the study. Among the 328 children in the study (146 index children and 182 subsequent children), there were 163 girls and 165 boys. Perinatal and child health outcomes were not different between subsequent and index children, and there was no clear pattern of delayed child development. However, mixed-effects models adjusting for clustered recruitment and multiple observations per child revealed that poor maternal bonding was more common for index children compared with subsequent children (9% vs 3%; adjusted odds ratio, 5.14; 95% CI, 1.48-17.85). Index children lived in households with lower incomes relative to the federal poverty level than did subsequent children (101% vs 132% of federal poverty level; adjusted regression coefficient, -0.31; 95% CI, -0.52 to -0.10), and were more likely to live in households without enough money to pay for basic living expenses (72% vs 55%; adjusted odds ratio, 5.16; 95% CI, 2.34-11.40). Conclusions and Relevance: These findings suggest that access to abortion enables women to choose to have children at a time when they have more financial and emotional resources to devote to their children.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Third, we relied on a maternal-reported measure of bonding difficulties for which mean levels were relatively low (but similar to other studies; Foster et al. 2018; Kerstis et al. 2016) and that focuses on maternal perceptions rather than dyadic relationships.”
From Longitudinal associations between prenatal internalizing symptoms and mindfulness traits with postnatal bonding difficulties. (2025) · cites this paper as Foster et al. 2018
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Gipson, J. D., Koenig, M., & Hindin, M. J. (2008) · Studies in Family Planning · doi:10.1111/j.1728-4465.2008.00148.x · Cited by 996
Self-citationThe Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire: a validation
Brockington, I. F., Fraser, C., & Wilson, D. (2006) · Archives of Women's Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s00737-006-0132-1 · Cited by 568
Reporting Participation in Epidemiologic Studies: A Survey of Practice
Morton, L. M., Cahill, J., & Hartge, P. (2006) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwj036 · Cited by 461
Women’s Mental Health and Well-being 5 Years After Receiving or Being Denied an Abortion
Biggs, M. A., Upadhyay, U. D., McCulloch, C. E., & Foster, D. G. (2016) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.3478 · Cited by 402
Self-citationConceptualisation, development, and evaluation of a measure of unplanned pregnancy
Barrett, G., Smith, S. C., & Wellings, K. (2004) · Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech.2003.014787 · Cited by 372
Abortion and mental health: Evaluating the evidence.
Major, B., Appelbaum, M. I., Beckman, L. J., Dutton, M. A., Russo, N. F., & West, C. M. (2009) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/a0017497 · Cited by 340
Kost, K., & Lindberg, L. (2015) · Demography · doi:10.1007/s13524-014-0359-9 · Cited by 322
Abortion and long-term mental health outcomes: a systematic review of the evidence
Charles, V. E., Polis, C. B., Sridhara, S. K., & Blum, R. W. (2008) · Contraception · doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2008.07.005 · Cited by 294
Trussell, J., Vaughan, B., & Stanford, J. B. (1999) · Family Planning Perspectives · doi:10.2307/2991573 · Cited by 273
Foster, D. G., Biggs, M. A., Ralph, L. J., Gerdts, C., Roberts, S. C. M., & Glymour, M. M. (2018) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2017.304247 · Cited by 266
Self-citationThe Predictive Validity Of Reproductive Intentions
Westoff, C., & Ryder, N. (1977) · Demography · doi:10.2307/2060589 · Cited by 221
The effect of pregnancy intention on child development
Joyce, T., Kaestner, R. J., & Korenman, S. D. (2000) · Demography · doi:10.2307/2648098 · Cited by 212
Denial of Abortion Because of Provider Gestational Age Limits in the United States
Upadhyay, U. D., Weitz, T. A., Jones, R. K., Barar, R. E., & Foster, D. G. (2013) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2013.301378 · Cited by 209
Self-citationPregnancy Intention and Pregnancy Outcome: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Hall, J., Benton, L., Copas, A. J., & Stephenson, J. (2017) · Maternal and Child Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10995-016-2237-0 · Cited by 204
The Effects of Pregnancy Planning Status on Birth Outcomes and Infant Care
Kost, K., Landry, D. J., & Darroch, J. E. (1998) · Family Planning Perspectives · doi:10.2307/2991608 · Cited by 169
The Stability of Pregnancy Intentions and Pregnancy-Related Maternal Behaviors
Joyce, T., Kaestner, R. J., & Korenman, S. D. (2000) · Maternal and Child Health Journal · doi:10.1023/a:1009571313297 · Cited by 167
Trends in Twin Birth Outcomes and Prenatal Care Utilization in the United States, 1981-1997
Kogan, M. D. (2000) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.284.3.335 · Cited by 164
Impact of Perceived Stress, Major Life Events and Pregnancy Attitudes on Low Birth Weight
Sable, M. R., & Wilkinson, D. S. (2000) · Family Planning Perspectives · doi:10.2307/2648197 · Cited by 141
PEDS: Developmental Milestones—An Accurate Brief Tool for Surveillance and Screening
Brothers, K. B., Glascoe, F. P., & Robertshaw, N. S. (2007) · Clinical Pediatrics · doi:10.1177/0009922807309419 · Cited by 141
A blessing I can't afford: Factors underlying the paradox of happiness about unintended pregnancy
Aiken, A. R. A., Dillaway, C., & Mevs-Korff, N. (2015) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.03.038 · Cited by 138
A short interpregnancy interval is a risk factor for preterm birth and its recurrence
DeFranco, E., Stamilio, D. M., Boslaugh, S., Gross, G. A., & Muglia, L. J. (2007) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2007.06.042 · Cited by 133
Decision Rightness and Emotional Responses to Abortion in the United States: A Longitudinal Study
Rocca, C. H., Kimport, K., Roberts, S. C. M., Gould, H., Neuhaus, J. M., & Foster, D. G. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0128832 · Cited by 132
Self-citationUnintended pregnancy and preterm birth
Orr, S. T., Miller, C. A., James, S. A., & Babones, S. (2000) · Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-3016.2000.00289.x · Cited by 130
Pregnancy wantedness and the early initiation of prenatal care
Joyce, T., & Grossman, M. B. (1990) · Demography · doi:10.2307/2061549 · Cited by 127
Consequences for Infants of Parental Disagreement in Pregnancy Intention
Korenman, S. D., Kaestner, R. J., & Joyce, T. (2002) · Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health · doi:10.2307/3097730 · Cited by 121
Report of the APA Task Force on Mental Health and Abortion
Major, B., Appelbaum, M., Beckman, L., Dutton, M. A., Russo, N. F., & West, C. (2008) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e582472010-001 · Cited by 111
Pregnancy Wantedness and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: Differences by Race and Medicaid Status
Sable, M. R., Spencer, J. C., Stockbauer, J. W., SCHRAMM, W. F., Howell, V., & HERMAN, A. A. B. (1997) · Family Planning Perspectives · doi:10.2307/2953366 · Cited by 106
London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy: guidance for its use as an outcome measure
Hall, J., Barrett, G., Copas, A. J., & Stephenson, J. (2017) · Patient Related Outcome Measures · doi:10.2147/prom.s122420 · Cited by 103
Psychosocial Factors and the Timing of Prenatal Care among Women in New Jersey's HealthStart Program
Pagnini, D. L., & Reichman, N. E. (2000) · Family Planning Perspectives · doi:10.2307/2648213 · Cited by 100
Rosenzweig, M. R., & Wolpin, K. I. (1993) · The Journal of Human Resources · doi:10.2307/146201 · Cited by 100
Perry, D. F., Ettinger, A. K., Mendelson, T., & Le, H. (2011) · Infant Behavior and Development · doi:10.1016/j.infbeh.2011.02.005 · Cited by 88
The long-term impact of parents' childbearing decisions on children's self-esteem
Axinn, W. G., Barber, J. S., & Thornton, A. (1998) · Demography · doi:10.2307/3004012 · Cited by 79
Marsiglio, W., & Mott, F. L. (1988) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.2307/352112 · Cited by 78
Are women with an unintended pregnancy less likely to breastfeed?
Taylor, J. S., & Cabral, H. (2002) · PubMed · Cited by 76
Abortion Surveillance — United States, 2013
Jatlaoui, T. C., Ewing, A. C., Mandel, M. G., Simmons, K. B., Suchdev, D. B., Jamieson, D. J., & Pazol, K. (2016) · MMWR Surveillance Summaries · doi:10.15585/mmwr.ss6512a1 · Cited by 76
Patient Related Outcome Measures
(2026) · Patient Related Outcome Measures · doi:10.2147/prom · Cited by 73
Wantedness of Pregnancy and Prenatal Health Behaviors
Altfeld, S. J., Handler, A. S., Burton, D., & Berman, L. (1998) · Women & Health · doi:10.1300/j013v26n04_03 · Cited by 72
Intent to become pregnant as a predictor of exposures during pregnancy: is there a relation?
Than, L. C., Honein, M. A., Watkins, M. L., Yoon, P. W., Daniel, K. L., & Correa, A. (2005) · PubMed · Cited by 72
Kokubu, M., Okano, T., & Sugiyama, T. (2012) · Archives of Women's Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s00737-012-0279-x · Cited by 69
Crissey, S. R. (2005) · Population Research and Policy Review · doi:10.1007/s11113-005-5734-1 · Cited by 60
Does an Unplanned Pregnancy Have Long-Term Implications for Mother–Child Relationships?
Nelson, J. A., & O’Brien, M. (2011) · Journal of Family Issues · doi:10.1177/0192513x11420820 · Cited by 50
Dobkin, L. M., Gould, H., Barar, R. E., Ferrari, M., Weiss, E. I., & Foster, D. G. (2014) · Women s Health Issues · doi:10.1016/j.whi.2013.10.004 · Cited by 46
Self-citationAddressing Japan's Fertility Decline: Influences of Unintended Pregnancy on Child Rearing
Goto, A., Yasumura, S., Yabe, J., & Reich, M. R. (2006) · Reproductive Health Matters · doi:10.1016/s0968-8080(06)27233-1 · Cited by 46
Children from unwanted pregnancies
Matějček, Z., Dytrych, Z., & Schüller, V. (1978) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1978.tb06875.x · Cited by 40
Pregnancy Acceptance, Parenting Stress, and Toddler Attachment in Low‐Income Black Families
Ispa, J. M., Sable, M. R., Porter, N., & Csizmadia, A. (2006) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2005.00174.x-i1 · Cited by 37
The Influence of Attitudes About Unintended Pregnancy on Use of Prenatal and Postpartum Care
Hulsey, T. M., Laken, M. A., Miller, V., & Ager, J. W. (2000) · Journal of Perinatology · doi:10.1038/sj.jp.7200455 · Cited by 36
Influence of maternal distress during pregnancy on fetal malformations
Blomberg, S. (1980) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1980.tb00618.x · Cited by 34
Preconception Motivation and Pregnancy Wantedness: Pathways to Toddler Attachment Security
Miller, W. B., Sable, M. R., & Beckmeyer, J. J. (2009) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2009.00662.x · Cited by 30
Paternal Influences on the Timing of Prenatal Care Among Hispanics
Sangi‐Haghpeykar, H., Mehta, M., Posner, S. F., & Poindexter, A. N. (2005) · Maternal and Child Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10995-005-3012-9 · Cited by 27
(2006) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2006.00339.x · Cited by 21
Riesgo relacional madre-recién nacido. Estudio de prevalencia y variables asociadas
Muñoz, M., Poo-Figueroa, A. M., Bernardita Baeza, W., & Bustos, M. (2015) · Revista chilena de pediatría · doi:10.1016/j.rchipe.2015.04.005 · Cited by 14
Induced abortion and mental health
Heikinheimo, O., Pohjoranta, E., Toffol, E., Suhonen, S. P., & Partonen, T. (2016) · Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/aogs.13072 · Cited by 11
Flagged first, then by citations
5 of the 57 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- US Department of Health and Human Services, 2012, Annual update of the HHS poverty guidelines., Fed Regist, 77, 4034
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Self-managed abortion: A systematic scoping review
Moseson, H., Herold, S., Filippa, S., Barr‐Walker, J., Baum, S. E., & Gerdts, C. (2019) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2019.08.002 · Cited by 173
“Despite conclusive evidence that induced abortion is 58 safe and effective(2), and is associated with a host of positive outcomes for the pregnant person(1) and their 59 families (3-8), many countries continue to restrict access to abortion.”
BackgroundEffects of Carrying an Unwanted Pregnancy to Term on Women's Existing Children
Foster, D. G., Raifman, S., Gipson, J. D., Rocca, C. H., & Biggs, M. A. (2018) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.09.026 · Cited by 95
Self-citationPredicted changes in abortion access and incidence in a post-Roe world
Myers, C. K., Jones, R. K., & Upadhyay, U. D. (2019) · Contraception · doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2019.07.139 · Cited by 90
Beyond Abortion: The Consequences of Overturning Roe
Paltrow, L. M., Harris, L. H., & Marshall, M. F. (2022) · The American Journal of Bioethics · doi:10.1080/15265161.2022.2075965 · Cited by 78
“…seeking abortion care are already mothers; abortion denied negatively impacts the children a woman already has and is known to result in less bonding with the child resulting from the undesired pregnancy compared with a subsequent child born from a desired pregnancy (Foster et al. 2018b, 2019).”
BackgroundInfluentialThe Economic Consequences of Being Denied an Abortion
Miller, S., Wherry, L., & Foster, D. G. (2020) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w26662 · Cited by 74
“While 85 percent of those enrolled in the study completed the first survey, by the end of the 5-year study period only 58 percent responded (Foster et al., 2018).”
InfluentialSelf-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Foster, D. G., Biggs, M. A., Raifman, S., Gipson, J., Kimport, K., & Rocca, C. H.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Corresponding author
- Foster, Diana Greene
- ORCID
- Venue
- JAMA Pediatrics
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2018-11-01
- Volume
- 172
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1053
- ISSN
- 1072-4710 (ISSN-L)
- 2168-6203
- PMC
- PMC6248140
- OpenAlex
- W2892333483
- Cited by
- 127
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 7.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Health and Contraception
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Global Maternal and Child Health
- Keywords
- unwanted pregnancy, maternal bonding, child development, child health, perinatal outcomes, household poverty, household composition, subsequent pregnancy, gestational age limits, abortion clinics, child well-being, maternal mental health, maternal anxiety, maternal stress, maternal substance use, maternal education, maternal income
- MeSH terms
- Abortion Applicants, Abortion, Induced, Adolescent, Adult, Child Development, Child Welfare, Family Planning Services, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Mother-Child Relations, Object Attachment, Poverty, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcome, Pregnancy, Unwanted, United States, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
