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Cited by 533Media Influence and HealthMedia Studies and CommunicationHealth Literacy and Information Accessibility

Mass media interventions: effects on health services utilisation

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Grilli, Roberto, Ramsay, Craig, Minozzi, Silvia·2002·Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
DOI 10.1002/14651858.cd000389PMC PMC13429285
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The mass media frequently cover health related topics, are the leading source of information about important health issues, and are targeted by those who aim to influence the behaviour of health professionals and patients. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of mass media on the utilisation of health services. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care Group specialised register, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Eric, PsycLit, and reference lists of articles. We hand searched the journals Communication Research (February 1987 to August 1996), European Journal of Communication (1986 to 1994), Journal of Communication (winter 1986 to summer 1996), Communication Theory (February 1991 to August 1996), Critical Studies in Mass Communication (March 1984 to March 1995) and Journalism Quarterly (1986 to summer 1996). SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised trials, controlled clinical trials, controlled before-and-after studies and interrupted time series analyses of mass media interventions. The participants were health care professionals, patients and the general public. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed study quality. MAIN RESULTS: Seventeen studies were included. All used interrupted time series designs. Fourteen evaluated the impact of formal mass media campaigns, and three of media coverage of health related issues. The overall methodological quality was variable. Six studies did not perform any statistical analysis, and seven used inappropriate statistical tests (ie not taking into account the effect of time trend). All of the studies apart from one concluded that mass media was effective. These positive findings were confirmed by our re-analysis in seven studies. The direction of effect was consistent across studies towards the expected change. The pooled effect sizes for studies assessing the impact of mass media on similar aspects of care revealed an effect upon the utilisation of health services that could not be explained by chance alone, ranging from -1.96 (95%CI -1. 19 to -2.73) for campaigns promoting immunisation programmes, to -1. 12 (95%CI -0.49 to -2.36) for those concerning cancer screening. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: Despite the limited information about key aspects of mass media interventions and the poor quality of the available primary research, there is evidence that these channels of communication may have an important role in influencing the use of health care interventions. Those engaged in promoting better uptake of research information in clinical practice should consider mass media as one of the tools that may encourage the use of effective services and discourage those of unproven effectiveness.

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  • Exposure to health information in traditional and social media may impact health behaviors.

    “Recent evidence suggests that exposure to health information in traditional and social media may impact health behaviors [2].”

    From Causal language and strength of inference in academic and media articles shared in social media (CLAIMS): A systematic review (2018) · cites this paper as [2]

    The Background says mass media may influence individual health behaviours and gives examples involving dietary choices and contraceptive use. The review covers traditional mass-media channels, but it does not establish an effect of social media on health behaviours; it identifies the Internet as a channel for future research. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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Authors
Grilli, R., Ramsay, C., & Minozzi, S.
Affiliations
  • Agenzia Sanitaria e Sociale Regionale (IT)
  • University of Aberdeen (GB)
  • Azienda Sanitaria Locale Roma 3 (IT)
ORCID
Venue
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2002-01-21
Volume
2010
Issue
1
Pages
CD000389-CD000389
ISSN
  • 1361-6137 (ISSN-L)
  • 1465-1858
DOI
10.1002/14651858.cd000389
PMC
PMC13429285
OpenAlex
W1537033979
Cited by
533
References
1
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FWCI
104.09
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • IRIS (submittedVersion)
  • SERVAL (Université de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Literature and Literary Theory › Media Influence and Health
  • Social Sciences › Communication › Media Studies and Communication
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Literacy and Information Accessibility
Keywords
mass media interventions, health communication, health care utilization, health campaigns, media coverage of health, healthcare workers, patients
MeSH terms
Health Education, Health Services, Health Services Research, Humans, Mass Media

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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