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Interventions for preventing obesity in children
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of obesity and overweight is increasing in both adult and child populations throughout the world. Obesity in children impacts on their health in both the short and longer term, and obesity prevention is an international public health priority. However, the efficacy of prevention strategies is poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness of educational, health promotion and/or psychological/family/behavioural therapy/counselling/management interventions that focussed on diet, physical activity and/or lifestyle and social support, and were designed to prevent obesity in childhood. SEARCH STRATEGY: The following databases were searched: MEDLINE, Psyclit, EMBASE, Science Citation Index, Social Science Citation Index, CINAHL, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (CCTR) and the Cochrane Heart Group's specialised register from 1985 to July 2001. Non English language papers were included. Experts were contacted to seek additional references or unpublished studies. SELECTION CRITERIA: RCTs and non-randomised trials with concurrent control group that observed participants for a minimum of three months were included DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed study quality. MAIN RESULTS: Ten studies were included; seven were long-term (children observed for at least one year), three were shorter term (at least 3 months). Eight were school/nursery-based interventions, one was a community-based intervention targeting low-income African-American families, and one was a family-based intervention that targeted non-obese children of obese parents. The studies included were diverse in terms of study design and quality, target population, theoretical underpinning of intervention approach, and outcome measures, so it was not possible to combine study findings using statistical methods. Three of the four long-term studies that combined dietary education and physical activity interventions resulted in no difference in overweight, whereas one study reported an improvement in favour of the intervention group. In two studies of dietary education alone, a multimedia action strategy appeared to be effective but other strategies did not. The one long term study that only focussed on physical activity resulted in a slightly greater reduction in overweight in favour of the intervention group, as did two short term studies of physical activity. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: There is limited high quality data on the effectiveness of obesity prevention programs and no generalisable conclusions can be drawn. However, concentration on strategies that encourage reduction in sedentary behaviours and increase in physical activity may be fruitful. The need for well-designed studies that examine a range of interventions remains a priority, although a number of important studies are underway.
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“In both the Summerbell 2005 and Thomas 2004a reviews, interventions were multifaceted, meaning the interventions targeted multiple behaviors including diet and physical activity simultaneously, and that they were implemented congruently in multiple settings such as the community, schools, and public places.”
From School-based physical activity programs for promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 (2013) · cites this paper as Summerbell 2005
In the citing paper
“For example, Summerbell 2005 explored the impact of interventions to prevent obesity in children, and Thomas 2004a assessed the impact of strategies to promote healthy body weight in children and adolescents.”
From School-based physical activity programs for promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 (2013) · cites this paper as Summerbell 2005
In the citing paper
“In both reviews it is unclear what specific contribution the school setting had on intervention effectiveness as well as the individual contribution of physical activity on improved health status measures, such as blood pressure, blood lipids, weight, and fitness measures.”
From School-based physical activity programs for promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 (2013) · cites this paper as Summerbell 2005
In the citing paper
“Similar results were reported by Summerbell 2005, who found little to no impact of obesity prevention interventions in children.”
From School-based physical activity programs for promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 (2013) · cites this paper as Summerbell 2005
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Metadata
- Authors
- Campbell, K., Waters, E., O'Meara, S., Kelly, S., & Summerbell, C.
- Affiliations
- Deakin University (AU)
- Teesside University (GB)
- Venue
- The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
- Publisher
- John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
- Published
- 2002-04-22
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- CD001871-CD001871
- OpenAlex
- W4213060856
- Cited by
- 183
- References
- 76
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- Type
- reference entry
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Locations
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion)
- Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity and Health Practices
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Keywords
- childhood obesity prevention, overweight, nutrition education, physical activity, school-based intervention, family intervention, sedentary behavior, health promotion, lifestyle intervention, social support
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Child, Clinical Trials as Topic, Diet, Humans, Obesity, Exercise, Treatment Outcome
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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