A New Design Strategy for Efficient Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Organic Emitters: From Twisted to Planar Structures
Abstract
In the traditional molecular design of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters composed of electron‐donor and electron‐acceptor moieties, achieving a small singlet–triplet energy gap (Δ E ST ) in strongly twisted structures usually translates into a small fluorescence oscillator strength, which can significantly decrease the emission quantum yield and limit efficiency in organic light‐emitting diode devices. Here, based on the results of quantum‐chemical calculations on TADF emitters composed of carbazole donor and 2,4,6‐triphenyl‐1,3,5‐triazine acceptor moieties, a new strategy is proposed for the molecular design of efficient TADF emitters that combine a small Δ E ST with a large fluorescence oscillator strength. Since this strategy goes beyond the traditional framework of structurally twisted, charge‐transfer type emitters, importantly, it opens the way for coplanar molecules to be efficient TADF emitters. Here, a new emitter, composed of azatriangulene and diphenyltriazine moieties, is theoretically designed, which is coplanar due to intramolecular H‐bonding interactions. The synthesis of this hexamethylazatriangulene‐triazine (HMAT‐TRZ) emitter and its preliminary photophysical characterizations point to HMAT‐TRZ as a potential efficient TADF emitter.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Cites
Highly efficient organic light-emitting diodes from delayed fluorescence
Uoyama, H., Goushi, K., Shizu, K., Nomura, H., & Adachi, C. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11687 · Cited by 8,219 · see citing works
Self-citationMartin, R. L. (2003) · The Journal of Chemical Physics · doi:10.1063/1.1558471 · Cited by 2,769 · see citing works
Efficient blue organic light-emitting diodes employing thermally activated delayed fluorescence
Zhang, Q., Li, B., Huang, S., Nomura, H., Tanaka, H., & Adachi, C. (2014) · Nature Photonics · doi:10.1038/nphoton.2014.12 · Cited by 2,434 · see citing works
Self-citationRecent advances in organic thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials
Yang, Z., Mao, Z., Xie, Z., Zhang, Y., Liu, S., Zhao, J., Xu, J., Chi, Z., & Aldred, M. P. (2017) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c6cs00368k · Cited by 2,395 · see citing works
Purely Organic Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials for Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Wong, M. Y., & Zysman‐Colman, E. (2017) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.201605444 · Cited by 2,053 · see citing works
Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials Towards the Breakthrough of Organoelectronics
Tao, Y., Yuan, K., Chen, T., Xu, P., Li, H., Chen, R., Zheng, C., Zhang, L., & Huang, W. (2014) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.201402532 · Cited by 2,002 · see citing works
Goushi, K., Yoshida, K., Sato, K., & Adachi, C. (2012) · Nature Photonics · doi:10.1038/nphoton.2012.31 · Cited by 1,705 · see citing works
Self-citationZhang, Q., Li, J., Shizu, K., Huang, S., Hirata, S., Miyazaki, H., & Adachi, C. (2012) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja306538w · Cited by 1,609 · see citing works
Self-citationHighly efficient blue electroluminescence based on thermally activated delayed fluorescence
Hirata, S., Sakai, Y., Masui, K., Tanaka, H., Lee, S. Y., Nomura, H., Nakamura, N., Yasumatsu, M., Nakanotani, H., Zhang, Q., et al. (2014) · Nature Materials · doi:10.1038/nmat4154 · Cited by 1,328 · see citing works
Self-citationSamanta, P. K., Kim, D., Coropceanu, V., & Brédas, J.-L. (2017) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/jacs.6b12124 · Cited by 1,025 · see citing works
Self-citationRevealing the spin–vibronic coupling mechanism of thermally activated delayed fluorescence
Etherington, M. K., Gibson, J., Higginbotham, H. F., Penfold, T. J., & Monkman, A. P. (2016) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms13680 · Cited by 1,024 · see citing works
Purely organic electroluminescent material realizing 100% conversion from electricity to light
Kaji, H., Suzuki, H., Fukushima, T., Shizu, K., Suzuki, K., Kubo, S., Komino, T., Oiwa, H., Suzuki, F., Wakamiya, A., et al. (2015) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms9476 · Cited by 994 · see citing works
Self-citationProgress in Time-Dependent Density-Functional Theory
Casida, M. E., & Huix‐Rotllant, M. (2012) · Annual Review of Physical Chemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev-physchem-032511-143803 · Cited by 943 · see citing works
Tanaka, H., Shizu, K., Miyazaki, H., & Adachi, C. (2012) · Chemical Communications · doi:10.1039/c2cc36237f · Cited by 654 · see citing works
Self-citationPhotophysics of thermally activated delayed fluorescence molecules
Dias, F. B., Penfold, T. J., & Monkman, A. P. (2017) · Methods and Applications in Fluorescence · doi:10.1088/2050-6120/aa537e · Cited by 580 · see citing works
The role of spin in the kinetic control of recombination in organic photovoltaics
Rao, A., Chow, P. C. Y., Gélinas, S., Schlenker, C. W., Li, C., Yip, H., Jen, A. K. ‐., Ginger, D. S., & Friend, R. H. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12339 · Cited by 578 · see citing works
Third-generation organic electroluminescence materials
Adachi, C. (2014) · Japanese Journal of Applied Physics · doi:10.7567/jjap.53.060101 · Cited by 547 · see citing works
Self-citationZhang, S., Yao, L., Peng, Q., Li, W., Pan, Y., Xiao, R., Gao, Y. P., Gu, C., Wang, Z., Lü, P., et al. (2015) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.201404260 · Cited by 468 · see citing works
Carbazole Dendrimers as Solution‐Processable Thermally Activated Delayed‐Fluorescence Materials
Albrecht, K., Matsuoka, K., Fujita, K., & Yamamoto, K. (2015) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201500203 · Cited by 324 · see citing works
Sato, K., Shizu, K., Yoshimura, K., Kawada, A., Miyazaki, H., & Adachi, C. (2013) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.110.247401 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Self-citationNasu, K., Nakagawa, T., Nomura, H., Lin, C.-J., Cheng, C., Tseng, M., Yasuda, T., & Adachi, C. (2013) · Chemical Communications · doi:10.1039/c3cc44179b · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Self-citationChen, X., Zhang, S., Fan, J.-X., & Ren, A. (2015) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry C · doi:10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b00276 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Self-citationGodumala, M., Choi, S., Cho, M. J., & Choi, D. H. (2016) · Journal of Materials Chemistry C · doi:10.1039/c6tc04377a · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Méhes, G., Goushi, K., Potscavage, W. J., & Adachi, C. (2014) · Organic Electronics · doi:10.1016/j.orgel.2014.05.027 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Self-citationMayr, C., Lee, S. Y., Schmidt, T. D., Yasuda, T., Adachi, C., & Brütting, W. (2014) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.201400495 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Self-citationFang, Z. Y., Teo, T.-L., Cai, L., Lai, Y., Samoć, A., & Samoc, M. J. (2008) · Organic Letters · doi:10.1021/ol801238n · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Quantitative Bimolecular Recombination in Organic Photovoltaics through Triplet Exciton Formation
Chow, P. C. Y., Gélinas, S., Rao, A., & Friend, R. H. (2014) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja410092n · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Jiang, Z., Chen, Y., Yang, C., Cao, Y., Tao, Y., Qin, J., & Ma, D. (2009) · Organic Letters · doi:10.1021/ol9001152 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Fang, Z. Y., Chellappan, V., Webster, R. D., Ke, L., Zhang, T., Liu, B., & Lai, Y. (2012) · Journal of Materials Chemistry · doi:10.1039/c2jm32840b · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Takahashi, T., Shizu, K., Yasuda, T., Togashi, K., & Adachi, C. (2014) · Science and Technology of Advanced Materials · doi:10.1088/1468-6996/15/3/034202 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Self-citationFang, Z. Y., Zhang, X., Lai, Y. H., & Liu, B. (2009) · Chemical Communications · doi:10.1039/b812649f · Cited by 62 · see citing works
N-Heterotriangulene chromophores with 4-pyridyl anchors for dye-sensitized solar cells
Meinhardt, U., Lodermeyer, F., Schaub, T. A., Kunzmann, A., Dral, P. O., Sale, A. C., Hampel, F., Guldi, D. M., Costa, R. D., & Kivala, M. (2016) · RSC Advances · doi:10.1039/c6ra14799b · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Ab Initio Studies of Triplet-State Properties for Organic Semiconductor Molecules
Pabst, M., Sundholm, D., & Köhn, A. (2012) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry C · doi:10.1021/jp302010a · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
All-organic thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials for organic light-emitting diodes
Liu, Y., Li, C., Ren, Z., Yan, S., & Bryce, M. R. (2018) · Nature Reviews Materials · doi:10.1038/natrevmats.2018.20 · Cited by 1,653 · see citing works
Ahn, D. H., Kim, S. W., Lee, H., Ko, I. J., Karthik, D., Lee, J. Y., & Kwon, J. H. (2019) · Nature Photonics · doi:10.1038/s41566-019-0415-5 · Cited by 772 · see citing works
Chen, X., Kim, D., & Brédas, J. (2018) · Accounts of Chemical Research · doi:10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00174 · Cited by 646 · see citing works
Self-citationMulti‐Resonance Induced Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorophores for Narrowband Green OLEDs
Zhang, Y., Zhang, D., Wei, J., Liu, Z., Lü, Y., & Duan, L. (2019) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201911266 · Cited by 611 · see citing works
Fast spin-flip enables efficient and stable organic electroluminescence from charge-transfer states
Cui, L., Gillett, A. J., Zhang, S., Ye, H., Liu, Y., Chen, X., Lin, Z., Evans, E. W., Myers, W. K., Ronson, T. K., et al. (2020) · Nature Photonics · doi:10.1038/s41566-020-0668-z · Cited by 526 · see citing works
Self-citationXu, Y., Li, C., Li, Z., Wang, Q., Cai, X., Wei, J., & Wang, Y. (2020) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.202007210 · Cited by 437 · see citing works
Xue, J., Liang, Q., Wang, R., Hou, J., Li, W., Peng, Q., Shuai, Z., & Qiao, J. (2019) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.201808242 · Cited by 405 · see citing works
The theory of thermally activated delayed fluorescence for organic light emitting diodes
Penfold, T. J., Dias, F. B., & Monkman, A. P. (2018) · Chemical Communications · doi:10.1039/c7cc09612g · Cited by 342 · see citing works
Xu, Y., Wang, Q., Cai, X., Li, C., & Wang, Y. (2021) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.202100652 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
Chen, C., Huang, R., Batsanov, A. S., Pander, P., Hsu, Y., Chi, Z., Dias, F. B., & Bryce, M. R. (2018) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201809945 · Cited by 312 · see citing works
Braveenth, R., Lee, H., Park, J. D., Yang, K. J., Hwang, S. J., Naveen, K. R., Lampande, R., & Kwon, J. H. (2021) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.202105805 · Cited by 242 · see citing works
Zhang, T., Xiao, Y., Wang, H., Kong, S., Huang, R., Au, V. K., Yu, T., & Huang, W. (2023) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.202301896 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Zhang, Y., Wang, Y., Song, J., Qu, J., Li, B., Zhu, W., & Wong, W. (2018) · Advanced Optical Materials · doi:10.1002/adom.201800466 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Meng, G., Dai, H., Wang, Q., Zhou, J., Fan, T., Zeng, X., Wang, X., Zhang, Y., Yang, D., Ma, D., et al. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-38086-4 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
“Nevertheless, discreetly balancing a proper portion of LR-CT and LE excitations to make a balance of a small Δ E ST and a large f is rather dif fi cult in molecular design and most emitters still face the inevitably enlarged Δ E ST s with only few emitters can reach a compromise 12,13 .”
Chen, C., Huang, R., Batsanov, A. S., Pander, P., Hsu, Y., Chi, Z., Dias, F. B., & Bryce, M. R. (2018) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.201809945 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Computational Design of Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials: The Challenges Ahead
Olivier, Y., Sancho-Garcı́a, J. C., Muccioli, L., D’Avino, G., & Beljonne, D. (2018) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b02327 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Gao, C., Wong, W. W. H., Qin, Z., Lo, S., Namdas, E. B., Dong, H., & Hu, W. (2021) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.202100704 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
(Deep) blue through-space conjugated TADF emitters based on [2.2]paracyclophanes
Spuling, E., Sharma, N., Samuel, I. D. W., Zysman‐Colman, E., & Bräse, S. (2018) · Chemical Communications · doi:10.1039/c8cc04594a · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Khan, A., Tang, X. H., Zhong, C., Wang, Q., Yang, S., Kong, F., Yuan, S., Sandanayaka, A. S. D., Adachi, C., Jiang, Z., et al. (2021) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.202009488 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Self-citationNaveen, K. R., Yang, H. I., & Kwon, J. H. (2022) · Communications Chemistry · doi:10.1038/s42004-022-00766-5 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Naveen, K. R., Palanisamy, P., Chae, M. Y., & Kwon, J. H. (2023) · Chemical Communications · doi:10.1039/d2cc06802h · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Li, X., Baryshnikov, G., Deng, C., Bao, X., Wu, B., Zhou, Y., Ågren, H., & Zhu, L. (2019) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-019-08684-2 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
de Silva, P., Kim, C. A., Zhu, T., & Voorhis, T. V. (2019) · Chemistry of Materials · doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b01601 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Naveen, K. R., Lee, H., Braveenth, R., Yang, K. J., Hwang, S. J., & Kwon, J. H. (2021) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2021.134381 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Multi‐Resonance Induced Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorophores for Narrowband Green OLEDs
Zhang, Y., Zhang, D., Wei, J., Liu, Z., Lü, Y., & Duan, L. (2019) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.201911266 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Boron‐Based Narrowband Multiresonance Delayed Fluorescent Emitters for Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Konidena, R. K., & Naveen, K. R. (2022) · Advanced Photonics Research · doi:10.1002/adpr.202200201 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Barman, D., Narang, K., Parui, R., Zehra, N., Khatun, M. N., Adil, L. R., & Iyer, P. K. (2022) · Aggregate · doi:10.1002/agt2.172 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Spiral Donor Design Strategy for Blue Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters
Li, W., Li, M., Li, W., Xu, Z., Gan, L., Liu, K., Zheng, N., Ning, C., Chen, D., Wu, Y., et al. (2021) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.0c19302 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Intramolecular charge transfer for optical applications
Samanta, P. K., & Misra, R. (2023) · Journal of Applied Physics · doi:10.1063/5.0131426 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Ahn, D. H., Maeng, J. H., Lee, H., Yoo, H., Lampande, R., Lee, J. Y., & Kwon, J. H. (2020) · Advanced Optical Materials · doi:10.1002/adom.202000102 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Recent progress of pyrimidine derivatives for high-performance organic light-emitting devices
Komatsu, R., Sasabe, H., & Kido, J. (2018) · Journal of Photonics for Energy · doi:10.1117/1.jpe.8.032108 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Naveen, K. R., Oh, J. H., Lee, H. S., & Kwon, J. H. (2023) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.202306768 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Intramolecular Noncovalent Interactions Facilitate Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence (TADF)
Chen, X., Bakr, B. W., Auffray, M., Tsuchiya, Y., Sherrill, C. D., Adachi, C., & Brédas, J. (2019) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01220 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Self-citationHall, D., Sancho-Garcı́a, J. C., Pershin, A., Beljonne, D., Zysman‐Colman, E., & Olivier, Y. (2023) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry A · doi:10.1021/acs.jpca.2c08201 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Ahn, D. H., Lee, H., Kim, S. W., Karthik, D., Lee, J., Jeong, H., Lee, J. Y., & Kwon, J. H. (2019) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.9b00931 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Sobolewski, A. L., & Domcke, W. (2021) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01926 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Ziffer, M. E., Jo, S. B., Zhong, H., Ye, L., Liu, H., Lin, F. R., Zhang, J., Li, X., Ade, H. W., Jen, A. K. ‐., et al. (2018) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/jacs.8b05834 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Xie, F., An, Z., Xie, M., Li, Y., Zhang, G.-H., Zou, S., Chen, L., Chen, J., Cheng, T., & Tang, J. (2020) · Journal of Materials Chemistry C · doi:10.1039/d0tc00718h · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Non-noble-metal-based organic emitters for OLED applications
Chen, D., Li, W., Gan, L., Wang, Z., Li, M., & Su, S. (2020) · Materials Science and Engineering R Reports · doi:10.1016/j.mser.2020.100581 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Wu, S., Gupta, A. K., Yoshida, K., Gong, J., Hall, D., Cordes, D. B., Slawin, A. M. Z., Samuel, I. D. W., & Zysman‐Colman, E. (2022) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.202213697 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Wang, Y., Huang, C., Ye, H., Zhong, C., Khan, A., Yang, S., Fung, M., Jiang, Z., Adachi, C., & Liao, L. (2019) · Advanced Optical Materials · doi:10.1002/adom.201901150 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Self-citationVázquez, R. J., Yun, J. H., Muthike, A. K., Howell, M., Kim, H., Madu, I. K., Kim, T., Zimmerman, P. M., Lee, J. Y., & Goodson, T. G., III (2020) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/jacs.0c01225 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Zou, S., Xie, F., Xie, M., Li, Y., Cheng, T., Zhang, X., Lee, C., & Tang, J. (2019) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.201902508 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Pratik, S. M., Coropceanu, V., & Brédas, J. (2022) · ACS Materials Letters · doi:10.1021/acsmaterialslett.1c00809 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Self-citationNaveen, K. R., Lee, H., Seung, L. H., Jung, Y. H., Prabhu, C. P. K., Muruganantham, S., & Kwon, J. H. (2022) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2022.138498 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Zhao, J., Zheng, C., Zhou, Y., Li, C., Ye, J., Du, X., Li, W., He, Z., Zhang, M., Lin, H., et al. (2019) · Materials Horizons · doi:10.1039/c9mh00373h · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Liu, Y., Hua, L., Yan, S., & Ren, Z. (2020) · Nano Energy · doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.104800 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Wang, S., Yang, M., Yan, X., Ye, K., & Wang, Y. (2018) · Journal of Materials Chemistry C · doi:10.1039/c8tc01746h · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Gan, L., Gao, K., Cai, X., Chen, D., & Su, S. (2018) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b01961 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Kuila, S., Miranda‐Salinas, H. G., Eng, J., Li, C., Bryce, M. R., Penfold, T. J., & Monkman, A. P. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-53740-1 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Carbene–Metal–Amide Bond Deformation, Rather Than Ligand Rotation, Drives Delayed Fluorescence
Taffet, E. J., Olivier, Y., Lam, F., Beljonne, D., & Scholes, G. D. (2018) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b00503 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Liu, Y., Chen, Y., Li, H., Wang, S., Wu, X., Tong, H., & Wang, L. (2020) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.0c07906 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Xu, Y., Li, C., Li, Z., Wang, Q., Cai, X., Wei, J., & Wang, Y. (2020) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.202007210 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Schinabeck, A., Chen, J., Kang, L., Teng, T., Homeier, H. H. H., Suleymanova, A. F., Shafikov, M. Z., Yu, R., Lu, C., & Yersin, H. (2019) · Chemistry of Materials · doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b00671 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Kumsampao, J., Chaiwai, C., Chasing, P., Chawanpunyawat, T., Namuangruk, S., Sudyoadsuk, T., & Promarak, V. (2020) · Chemistry - An Asian Journal · doi:10.1002/asia.202000727 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Mewes, J. (2018) · Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics · doi:10.1039/c8cp01792a · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Tsuchiya, Y., Ishikawa, Y., Lee, S. H., Chen, X., Brédas, J., Nakanotani, H., & Adachi, C. (2021) · Advanced Optical Materials · doi:10.1002/adom.202002174 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Self-citationLiu, Y., Wang, Y., Li, C., Ren, Z., Ma, D., & Yan, S. (2018) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00565 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Guo, Y., Guan, H., Li, P., Wang, C., Wu, Z., Wang, Y., Yu, Z., Zhang, Z., Wang, S., & Zhao, G. (2021) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02642 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Wang, H., Zhao, B., Ma, P., Li, Z., Wang, X., Zhao, C., Fan, X., Tao, L., Duan, C., Zhang, J., et al. (2019) · Journal of Materials Chemistry C · doi:10.1039/c9tc02557j · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Gu, Q., Chotard, F., Eng, J., Reponen, A. M., Vitórica‐Yrezábal, Í. J., Woodward, A. W., Penfold, T. J., Credgington, D., Bochmann, M., & Romanov, A. S. (2022) · Chemistry of Materials · doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c01938 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
An Ultraviolet Fluorophore with Narrowed Emission via Coplanar Molecular Strategy
He, X., Lou, J., Li, B., Wang, H., Peng, X., Li, G., Liu, L., Huang, Y., Zheng, N., Xing, L., et al. (2022) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.202209425 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Saigo, M., Miyata, K., Tanaka, S., Nakanotani, H., Adachi, C., & Onda, K. (2019) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00810 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-citationLiu, Y., Hua, L., Zhao, Z., Ying, S., Ren, Z., & Yan, S. (2021) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202101326 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Weißenseel, S., Drigo, N., Kudriashova, L. G., Schmid, M., Morgenstern, T., Lin, K., Prlj, A., Corminbœuf, C., Sperlich, A., Brütting, W., et al. (2019) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry C · doi:10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b08269 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Su, R., Zhao, Y.-Y., Yang, F., Duan, L., Lan, J., Bin, Z., & You, J. (2020) · 中国科学通报：英文版 · doi:10.1016/j.scib.2020.08.023 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
“However, the two aspects always conflict with each other because a small DEST requires a well-separated distribution of frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), which in return leads to a low f according to Fermi’s Golden rule.”
BackgroundInfluentialLiu, H., Li, J., Chen, W., Chen, Z., Liu, Z., Zhan, Q., Cao, X., Lee, C., & Yang, C. (2020) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2020.126107 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Hall, C. R., Romanov, A. S., Bochmann, M., & Meech, S. R. (2018) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b02797 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Zhao, K., Omar, Ö. H., Nematiaram, T., Padula, D., & Troisi, A. (2021) · Journal of Materials Chemistry C · doi:10.1039/d1tc00002k · Cited by 56 · see citing works
A Novel Strategy toward Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence from a Locally Excited State
Chen, J., Xiao, X., Li, S., Duan, Y., Wang, G., Liao, Y., Peng, Q., Fu, H., Geng, H., & Shuai, Z. (2022) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00224 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Kukhta, N. A., Higginbotham, H. F., Matulaitis, T., Danos, A., Bismillah, A. N., Haase, N., Etherington, M. K., Yufit, D. S., McGonigal, P. R., Gražulevičius, J. V., et al. (2019) · Journal of Materials Chemistry C · doi:10.1039/c9tc02742d · Cited by 54 · see citing works
A high fluorescence rate is key for stable blue organic light-emitting diodes
Liu, Z., Cao, F., Tsuboi, T., Yue, Y., Deng, C., Ni, X., Sun, W., & Zhang, Q. (2018) · Journal of Materials Chemistry C · doi:10.1039/c8tc01471j · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Wu, R., Sun, K., Shi, G., Han, Y., Gong, T., Xu, Y., Zhang, S., & Yang, B. (2024) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.202403501 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Liu, H., Liu, H., Fan, J., Guo, J., Zeng, J., Qiu, F., Zhao, Z., & Tang, B. Z. (2020) · Advanced Optical Materials · doi:10.1002/adom.202001027 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Ma, M., Li, J., Liu, D., Mei, Y., & Dong, R. (2021) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.1c11812 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Radical-Based Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with Maximum External Quantum Efficiency of 10.6%
Cui, Z., Ye, S., Wang, L., Guo, H., Obolda, A., Dong, S., Chen, Y., Ai, X., Abdurahman, A., Zhang, M., et al. (2018) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b03019 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Cheng, J.-F., Pan, Z., Zhang, K., Zhao, Y. C., Wang, C., Ding, L., Fung, M., & Fan, J. (2021) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2021.132744 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Zhang, B., & Cheng, Y. (2018) · The Chemical Record · doi:10.1002/tcr.201800152 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Kim, T., Shin, G., Park, T., & Kim, M. (2024) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.202412267 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Fu, Y., Ye, Z., Liu, D., Mu, Y., Xiao, J., Hu, D., Ji, S., Huo, Y., & Su, S. (2023) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.202301929 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Wang, Y., Ren, J., & Shuai, Z. (2021) · The Journal of Chemical Physics · doi:10.1063/5.0052804 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Gawale, Y., Ansari, R., Naveen, K. R., & Kwon, J. H. (2023) · Frontiers in Chemistry · doi:10.3389/fchem.2023.1211345 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
“On the other hand, TADF OLEDs showed broad emission spectra (Zhang et al., 2012; Nakanotani et al., 2014; Chen et al., 2017; Guo et al., 2017; Hosokai et al., 2017; Chen et al., 2018; Penfold et al., 2018; Shin et al., 2019; Wada et al., 2020; Cho et al., 2022; Rayappa Naveen et al., 2022), which jeopardizes the requi…”
BackgroundWei, X., Li, Z., Hu, T., Duan, R., Liu, J., Wang, R., Liu, Y., Hu, X., Yi, Y., Wang, P., et al. (2019) · Advanced Optical Materials · doi:10.1002/adom.201801767 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Palanisamy, P., Kumar, O. P., Kim, H. U., Naveen, K. R., Kim, J., Baek, J., Chae, M. Y., & Kwon, J. H. (2024) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2024.148781 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Zhang, T., Xiao, Y., Wang, H., Kong, S., Huang, R., Au, V. K., Yu, T., & Huang, W. (2023) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.202301896 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Liang, J., Li, Y., Yuan, Y., Li, S., Zhu, X., Barlow, S. H., Fung, M., Jiang, Z., Marder, S. R., & Liao, L. (2018) · Materials Chemistry Frontiers · doi:10.1039/c7qm00605e · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Wang, J., Liu, C., Jiang, C., Yao, C., Gu, M., & Wang, W. (2018) · Organic Electronics · doi:10.1016/j.orgel.2018.11.018 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Konidena, R. K., & Lee, J. Y. (2018) · The Chemical Record · doi:10.1002/tcr.201800136 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Ward, J. S., Kukhta, N. A., dos Santos, P. L., Congrave, D. G., Batsanov, A. S., Monkman, A. P., & Bryce, M. R. (2019) · Chemistry of Materials · doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b01184 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Salah, L., Etherington, M. K., Shuaib, A. S., Danos, A., Nazeer, A. A., Ghazal, B., Prlj, A., Turley, A. T., Mallick, A., McGonigal, P. R., et al. (2020) · Journal of Materials Chemistry C · doi:10.1039/d0tc04222f · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Peng, H., Xu, Y., Zhou, C., Pei, R., Miao, J., Liu, H., & Yang, C. (2023) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.202211696 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Li, Y., Liang, J.-J., Li, H., Cui, L., Fung, M., Barlow, S. H., Marder, S. R., Adachi, C., Jiang, Z., & Liao, L. (2018) · Journal of Materials Chemistry C · doi:10.1039/c8tc01158c · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationMulti-color carbon dots for white light-emitting diodes
Su, R., Guan, Q., Cai, W. H., Yang, W. J., Xu, Q., Guo, Y., Zhang, L., Fei, L., & Xu, M. (2019) · RSC Advances · doi:10.1039/c8ra09868a · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Huang, W., Einzinger, M., Maurano, A., Zhu, T., Tiepelt, J. O., Yu, C., Chae, H. S., Voorhis, T. V., Baldo, M. A., & Buchwald, S. L. (2019) · Advanced Optical Materials · doi:10.1002/adom.201900476 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Ai, Q., Chai, J., Lou, W., Liu, T., Wang, D., Deng, C., Wang, C., Li, G., Liu, X., Liu, Z., et al. (2019) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.9b19474 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Vasudevan, T., Rajamalli, P., Jayakumar, J., Huang, M., Chen, Y., & Cheng, C. (2019) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.8b22704 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Pei, R., Xu, Y., Miao, J., Peng, H., Chen, Z., Zhou, C., Liu, H., & Yang, C. (2023) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.202217080 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Light‐Emitting Device Based on Amplified Spontaneous Emission
Feng, N., Lu, M., Sun, S., Liu, A., Chai, X., Bai, X., Hu, J., & Zhang, Y. (2023) · Laser & Photonics Review · doi:10.1002/lpor.202200908 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Qu, C., Xia, G., Xu, Y., Zhu, Y., Liang, J., Zhang, H., Wang, J., Zhang, Z., & Wang, Y. (2020) · Journal of Materials Chemistry C · doi:10.1039/c9tc06497d · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Cao, X., Chen, Z., Gong, S., Pan, K., Zhou, C., Huang, T., Chai, D., Zhan, Q., Li, N., Zou, Y., et al. (2020) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2020.125648 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
- Authors
- Chen, X., Tsuchiya, Y., Ishikawa, Y., Zhong, C., Adachi, C., & Brédas, J.
- Affiliations
- Laboratory for Computational and Theoretical Chemistry of Advanced Materials Division of Physical Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955‐6900 Saudi Arabia
- Kyushu University (JP)
- Wuhan University (CN)
- Georgia Institute of Technology (US)
- Corresponding author
- Brédas, Jean‐Luc
- Venue
- Advanced Materials
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2017-10-17
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 46
- ISSN
- 0935-9648 (ISSN-L)
- 1521-4095
- OpenAlex
- W2765541058
- Cited by
- 260
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 30
- FWCI
- 10.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Advanced Materials (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Repository (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JPMJER1305)
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Research
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Luminescence and Fluorescent Materials
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics
- Keywords
- thermally activated delayed fluorescence, TADF emitters, molecular design, singlet-triplet energy gap, twisted structure, carbazole donor, intramolecular hydrogen bonding, organic light-emitting diodes, emission quantum yield
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
