Application of Nanostructured TiO2 in UV Photodetectors: A Review

Abstract

As a wide‐bandgap semiconductor material, titanium dioxide (TiO 2), which possesses three crystal polymorphs (i.e., rutile, anatase, and brookite), has gained tremendous attention as a cutting‐edge material for application in the environment and energy fields. Based on the strong attractiveness from its advantages such as high stability, excellent photoelectric properties, and low‐cost fabrication, the construction of high‐performance photodetectors (PDs) based on TiO 2 nanostructures is being extensively developed. An elaborate microtopography and device configuration is the most widely used strategy to achieve efficient TiO 2‐based PDs with high photoelectric performances; however, a deep understanding of all the key parameters that influence the behavior of photon‐generated carriers, is also highly required to achieve improved photoelectric performances, as well as their ultimate functional applications. Herein, an in‐depth illustration of the electrical and optical properties of TiO 2 nanostructures in addition to the advances in the technological issues such as preparation, microdefects, p‐type doping, bandgap engineering, heterojunctions, and functional applications are presented. Finally, a future outlook for TiO 2‐based PDs, particularly that of further functional applications is provided. This work will systematically illustrate the fundamentals of TiO 2 and shed light on the preparation of more efficient TiO 2 nanostructures and heterojunctions for future photoelectric applications.