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Down syndrome and dementia: A randomized, controlled trial of antioxidant supplementation
Open accessAbstract
Individuals with Down syndrome over age 40 years are at risk for developing dementia of the Alzheimer type and have evidence for chronic oxidative stress. There is a paucity of treatment trials for dementia in Down syndrome in comparison to Alzheimer disease in the general (non‐Down syndrome) population. This 2‐year randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial assessed whether daily oral antioxidant supplementation (900 IU of alpha‐tocopherol, 200 mg of ascorbic acid and 600 mg of alpha‐lipoic acid) was effective, safe and tolerable for 53 individuals with Down syndrome and dementia. The outcome measures comprised a battery of neuropsychological assessments administered at baseline and every 6 months. Compared to the placebo group, those individuals receiving the antioxidant supplement showed neither an improvement in cognitive functioning nor a stabilization of cognitive decline. Mean plasma levels of alpha‐tocopherol increased ∼2‐fold in the treatment group and were consistently higher than the placebo group over the treatment period. Pill counts indicated good compliance with the regimen. No serious adverse events attributed to the treatment were noted. We conclude that antioxidant supplementation is safe, though ineffective as a treatment for dementia in individuals with Down syndrome and Alzheimer type dementia. Our findings are similar to studies of antioxidant supplementation in Alzheimer disease in the general population. The feasibility of carrying out a clinical trial for dementia in Down syndrome is demonstrated. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
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“In one of the trials lasting 2 years, antioxidant supplementation with vitamin C, vitamin E, and α-lipoic acid in subjects with Down syndrome did not prevent cognitive decline nor improved cognitive function (Lott et al. 2011).”
From Reactive Oxygen Species, Toxicity, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants: Chronic Diseases and Aging (2023) · cites this paper as Lott et al. 2011
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Metadata
- Authors
- Lott, I. T., Doran, E., Nguyen, V. Q., Tournay, A., Head, E., & Gillen, D. L.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- University of Kentucky (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lott, Ira T.
- Venue
- American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011-07-07
- Volume
- 155
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1939-1948
- ISSN
- 1552-4825 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-4833
- PMC
- PMC3410645
- OpenAlex
- W2027752708
- Cited by
- 136
- References
- 85
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 22
- FWCI
- 14.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- University of California, Irvine
- National Institute on Aging (AG 21912, AG 16573, P50AG016573, R01AG021912, P50-AG-21912)
- National Center for Research Resources (UL1RR031985)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD065160)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Down syndrome and intellectual disability research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Keywords
- Down syndrome, dementia, Alzheimer-type dementia, antioxidant supplementation, alpha-tocopherol, vitamin C, alpha-lipoic acid, oxidative stress, cognitive decline, plasma vitamin E, treatment efficacy, trial feasibility
- MeSH terms
- Alzheimer Disease, Antioxidants, Ascorbic Acid, Down Syndrome, Drug Combinations, Feasibility Studies, Female, Humans, Thioctic Acid, Male, Middle Aged, Pilot Projects, Treatment Outcome, alpha-Tocopherol
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