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Recent kuru‐induced female gene flow disrupted the coevolution of genes and languages in the Papua New Guinea highlands

Li, Mian, DeRosa, Kate L., Mann, Hayley, Spathis, Rita, Roome, Amanda, Castellanos, Daniel, Gowen, Kyle, de Smet, Timothy S, Echard, Jessica, Casey, Kalen, Shamoon‐Pour, Michel, Garruto, Ralph M., Lum, Koji·2020·American Journal of Physical Anthropology

Abstract

Objectives: The island of New Guinea was settled by modern human over 50,000 years ago, and is currently characterized by a complex landscape and contains one‐seventh of the world's languages. The Eastern Highlands of New Guinea were also the home to the devastating prion disease called kuru that primarily affected Fore‐speaking populations, with some 68% of cases involving adult females. We characterized the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) diversity of highlanders from Papua New Guinea (PNG) to: (a) gain insight into the coevolution of genes and languages in situ over mountainous landscapes; and (b) evaluate the recent influence of kuru mortality on the pattern of female gene flow. Materials and Methods: We sequenced the mtDNA hypervariable segment 1 of 870 individuals from the Eastern and Southern Highlands of PNG using serums collected in the 1950s to 1960s. These highlanders were selected from villages representing 15 linguistic groups within the Trans‐New Guinea phylum. Genetic, linguistic, and geographic distances were calculated separately and correlations among those distance matrices were assessed using the Mantel test. Results: Geographic, genetic, and linguistic patterns were independently correlated with each other (p < .05). Increased mtDNA diversity in kuru‐affected populations and low Fst estimates between kuru‐affected linguistic groups were observed. Discussion: In general, the genetic structure among the Highland populations was shaped by both geography and language, and language is a good predictor of mtDNA affinity in the PNG Highlands. High kuru female mortality increased female gene flow locally, disrupting coevolutionary pattern among genes, languages, and geography.

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Metadata

Authors
Li, M., DeRosa, K. L., Mann, H., Spathis, R., Roome, A., Castellanos, D., Gowen, K., de Smet, T. S., Echard, J., Casey, K., Shamoon‐Pour, M., Garruto, R. M., & Lum, K.
Affiliations
  • Department of Biological Sciences Binghamton University Binghamton New York USA
  • Laboratory of Evolutionary Anthropology and Health Binghamton University Binghamton New York USA
  • Department of Anthropology Binghamton University Binghamton New York USA
Venue
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2020-03-09
Volume
172
Issue
1
Pages
87-98
ISSN
  • 0002-9483
  • 1096-8644
Cited by
4
References
3
Language
en
Funders
National Geographic Society

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Recent kuru‐induced female gene flow disrupted the coevolution of genes and languages in the Papua New Guinea highlands. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1002/ajpa.24047
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Li, M., DeRosa, K. L., Mann, H., Spathis, R., Roome, A., Castellanos, D., Gowen, K., de Smet, T. S., Echard, J., Casey, K., Shamoon‐Pour, M., Garruto, R. M., & Lum, K. (2020). Recent kuru‐induced female gene flow disrupted the coevolution of genes and languages in the Papua New Guinea highlands. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.24047