Metal‐Size Influence in Iso‐Selective Lactide Polymerization
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Iso‐selective initiators for the ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of rac‐lactide are rare outside of Group 13. We describe the first examples of highly iso‐selective lutetium initiators. The phosphasalen lutetium ethoxide complex shows excellent iso‐selectivity, with a Pi value of 0.81–0.84 at 298 K, excellent rates, and high degrees of polymerization control. Conversely, the corresponding La derivative exhibits moderate heteroselectivity (Ps=0.74, 298 K). Thus, the choice of metal center is shown to be crucial in determining the level and mode of stereocontrol. The relative order of rates for the series of complexes is inversely related to metallic covalent radius: that is, La>Y>Lu.
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Rare-earth metal catalysts supported by phosphasalen ligands displayed both high reactivity and stereoselectivity (Pi up to 0.84 at 25 °C) with the ability to produce high molecular weight isotactic PLAs (Mn > 100 kDa) with extremely narrow polydispersities (Ð < 1.1).
“Rare-earth metal catalysts supported by phosphasalen ligands (such as Ln-phosSALEN in Figure 8) displayed both high reactivity and stereoselectivity (Pi up to 0.84 at 25°C) with the ability to produce high molecular weight isotactic PLAs (Mn > 100 kDa) with extremely narrow polydispersities (Ð <1.1).310,311”
From Catalysis as an Enabling Science for Sustainable Polymers (2018) · cites this paper as [311]
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- Authors
- Bakewell, C., White, A. J. P., Long, N. J., & Williams, C. K.
- Affiliations
- Imperial College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Long, Nicholas J.
- Williams, Charlotte K.
- Venue
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-07-07
- Volume
- 53
- Issue
- 35
- Pages
- 9226-9230
- ISSN
- 1433-7851 (ISSN-L)
- 1521-3773
- PMC
- PMC4499264
- OpenAlex
- W2161922448
- Cited by
- 178
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 4
- FWCI
- 10.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Spiral (Imperial College London) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/C544838/1, EP/K035274/1, EP/C544846/1)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Organometallic Complex Synthesis and Catalysis
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Advanced Polymer Synthesis and Characterization
- Keywords
- rac-lactide, stereocontrol, polymerization rate, degree of polymerization control
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