The DOI matches its Crossref record; 92 of the 92 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Significance of Properly Reporting Turnover Frequency in Electrocatalysis Research
Open accessAbstract
For decades, turnover frequency (TOF) has served as an accurate descriptor of the intrinsic activity of a catalyst, including those in electrocatalytic reactions involving both fuel generation and fuel consumption. Unfortunately, in most of the recent reports in this area, TOF is often not properly reported or not reported at all, in contrast to the overpotentials at a benchmarking current density. The current density is significant in determining the apparent activity, but it is affected by catalyst‐centric parasitic reactions, electrolyte‐centric competing reactions, and capacitance. Luckily, a properly calculated TOF can precisely give the intrinsic activity free from these phenomena in electrocatalysis. In this Viewpoint we ask: 1) What makes the commonly used activity markers unsuitable for intrinsic activity determination? 2) How can TOF reflect the intrinsic activity? 3) Why is TOF still underused in electrocatalysis? 4) What methods are used in TOF determination? and 5) What is essential in the more accurate calculation of TOF? Finally, the significance of normalizing TOF by Faradaic efficiency (FE) is stressed and we give our views on the development of universal analytical tools to determine the exact number of active sites and real surface area for all kinds of materials.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Benchmarking Heterogeneous Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
McCrory, C. C. L., Jung, S., Peters, J. C., & Jaramillo, T. F. (2013) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja407115p · Cited by 7,026
Design of electrocatalysts for oxygen- and hydrogen-involving energy conversion reactions
Jiao, Y., Zheng, Y., Jaroniec, M., & Qiao, S. Z. (2015) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c4cs00470a · Cited by 5,388
Shinagawa, T., Garcia-Esparza, A. T., & Takanabe, K. (2015) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep13801 · Cited by 3,287
Identification of Highly Active Fe Sites in (Ni,Fe)OOH for Electrocatalytic Water Splitting
Friebel, D., Louie, M. W., Bajdich, M., Sanwald, K. E., Cai, Y., Wise, A. M., Cheng, M.-J., Sokaras, D., Weng, T.-C., Alonso-Mori, R., et al. (2015) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja511559d · Cited by 2,732
Anantharaj, S., Ede, S. R., Sakthikumar, K., Karthick, K., Mishra, S., & Kundu, S. (2016) · ACS Catalysis · doi:10.1021/acscatal.6b02479 · Cited by 2,503
Self-citationHigh-efficiency oxygen reduction to hydrogen peroxide catalysed by oxidized carbon materials
Lu, Z., Chen, G., Siahrostami, S., Chen, Z., Liu, K., Xie, J., Liao, L., Wu, T., Lin, D., Liu, Y., et al. (2018) · Nature Catalysis · doi:10.1038/s41929-017-0017-x · Cited by 1,807
Anantharaj, S., Ede, S. R., Karthick, K., Sam Sankar, S., Sangeetha, K., Karthik, P. E., & Kundu, S. (2018) · Energy & Environmental Science · doi:10.1039/c7ee03457a · Cited by 1,632
Self-citationEarth-Abundant Heterogeneous Water Oxidation Catalysts
Hunter, B. M., Gray, H. B., & Müller, A. M. (2016) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00398 · Cited by 1,576
Wei, C., Rao, R. R., Peng, J., Huang, B., Stephens, I. E. L., Risch, M., Xu, Z. J., & Shao‐Horn, Y. (2019) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.201806296 · Cited by 1,364
Developments and perspectives of oxide-based catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction
Fabbri, E., Habereder, A., Waltar, K., Kötz, R., & Schmidt, T. J. (2014) · Catal. Sci. Technol. · doi:10.1039/c4cy00669k · Cited by 1,303
Cited by
Shih, A. J., Monteiro, M. C. O., Dattila, F., Pavesi, D., Philips, M., da Silva, A. H. M., Vos, R. E., Ojha, K., Park, S., van der Heijden, O., et al. (2022) · Nature Reviews Methods Primers · doi:10.1038/s43586-022-00164-0 · Cited by 521
Precious Metal Free Hydrogen Evolution Catalyst Design and Application
Feidenhans’l, A. A., Regmi, Y. N., Wei, C., Xia, D., Kibsgaard, J., & King, L. A. (2024) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00712 · Cited by 499
Low-temperature water electrolysis: fundamentals, progress, and new strategies
Li, W., Tian, H., Ma, L., Wang, Y., Liu, X., & Gao, X. (2022) · Materials Advances · doi:10.1039/d2ma00185c · Cited by 312
Do, V., Prabhu, P., Jose, V., Yoshida, T., Zhou, Y., Miwa, H., Kaneko, T., Uruga, T., Iwasawa, Y., & Lee, J. (2023) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.202208860 · Cited by 254
Karmakar, A., & Kundu, S. (2023) · Materials Today Energy · doi:10.1016/j.mtener.2023.101259 · Cited by 131
Metadata
- Authors
- Anantharaj, S., Karthik, P. E., & Noda, S.
- Venue
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2021-09-15
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 43
- Pages
- 23051-23067
- ISSN
- 1433-7851 (ISSN-L)
- 1521-3773
- OpenAlex
- W3201637052
- Cited by
- 494
- References
- 92
- FWCI
- 12.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The Significance of Properly Reporting Turnover Frequency in Electrocatalysis Research. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1002/anie.202110352
- The paper
- Anantharaj, S., Karthik, P. E., & Noda, S. (2021). The Significance of Properly Reporting Turnover Frequency in Electrocatalysis Research. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202110352
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
