Ultrasensitive Characterization of Native Bacterial Biofilms via Dynamic Nuclear Polarization‐Enhanced Solid‐State NMR
Open accessAbstract
Bacterial biofilms are major contributors to persistent infections and antimicrobial resistance, posing significant challenges to treatment. However, obtaining high‐resolution structural information on native bacterial biofilms has remained elusive due to the methodological limitations associated with analyzing complex biological samples. Solid‐state NMR (ssNMR) has shown promise in this regard, but its conventional application is hindered by sensitivity constraints for unlabeled samples. In this study, we utilized high‐sensitivity Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) ssNMR to characterize native Pseudomonas fluorescens colony biofilms. The ~75‐fold sensitivity enhancement provided by DNP enabled structural characterization without isotope labeling or chemical/physical modification. We successfully collected 1D 13 C/15 N, and 2D 1 H−13 C, 1 H−15 N and 13 C−13 C ssNMR spectra within seconds, minutes or hours, facilitating the identification and quantification of biofilm extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Additionally, DNP ssNMR allowed quantitative detection of both flexible and rigid biofilm components by favorable freezing conditions. This study represents the first application of ultrasensitive DNP ssNMR to characterize a native bacterial biofilm, significantly expanding the capabilities of ssNMR for analyzing the composition and structure of a wide array of in vitro and ex vivo biofilms. The versatility of this approach will accelerate structure‐guided efforts to combat infections caused by biofilm‐forming microbes.
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AsymPolPOK and other biradicals are small, water-soluble molecules that diffuse through porous cell walls without disrupting their structure.
“AsymPolPOK and other biradicals are small (2–3 nm), water-soluble molecules that diffuse through porous cell walls without disrupting their structure, enabling widespread use in the structural analysis of plant, fungal, algal, and bacterial cell wall materials as well as intact mammalian cells84–90.”
From Distinct echinocandin responses of Candida albicans and Candida auris cell walls revealed by solid-state NMR (2025) · cites this paper as [87]
The Results and Discussion (page unavailable) report that AsymPol-POK was dissolved in a predominantly water-based buffer and was uniformly distributed within a wet bacterial biofilm. They do not establish its 2–3 nm size, diffusion through porous cell walls, or preservation of cell-wall structure after incubation; the micrographs showing intact bacteria were taken before radical incubation. The paper also does not extend those properties to other biradicals or the full range of organisms named in the citing sentence. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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- Authors
- Byeon, C., Kinney, T., Saricayir, H., Holst Hansen, K., Scott, F. J., Srinivasa, S., Wells, M. K., Mentink‐Vigier, F., Kim, W., & Akbey, Ü.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Department of Structural Biology School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15261 USA
- Florida State University (US)
- Duquesne University (US)
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
- Corresponding author
- Akbey, Ümit
- Venue
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2025-01-15
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- e202418146-e202418146
- ISSN
- 1433-7851 (ISSN-L)
- 1521-3773
- PMC
- PMC11919551
- OpenAlex
- W4406143038
- Cited by
- 7
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4
- FWCI
- 1.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (submittedVersion)
- Scopus (Elsevier) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (DMR-1,644,779, 1644779, 2128556)
- Florida State University (DMR-1644779)
- University of Pittsburgh
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (DMR - 1644779, 1644779, DMR-2128556)
- National Institutes of Health (1r15gm132856-01a1, GM122698)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM148766, R15 GM132856, P41GM122698, GM122698, 1R15GM132856, RM1GM148766)
- Division of Materials Research (DMR-2128556, 1644779, DMR- 1644779, 2128556)
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Advanced NMR Techniques and Applications
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › NMR spectroscopy and applications
- Keywords
- bacterial biofilms, dynamic nuclear polarization, solid-state NMR, Pseudomonas fluorescens, extracellular matrix, biofilm structure, 13C and 15N labeling, biofilm composition
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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