Anatomy and three‐dimensional reconstructions of the brain of the white whale (Delphinapterus leucas) from magnetic resonance images

Marino, Lori; Murphy, Timothy L.; Deweerd, Amy L.; Morris, John A.; Fobbs, Archibald J.; Humblot, Nathalie; Ridgway, Sam H.; Johnson, John I.

doi:10.1002/ar.1051

Cited by 43Comparative Animal Anatomy StudiesAnatomy and Medical TechnologyMarine animal studies overview

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Anatomy and three‐dimensional reconstructions of the brain of the white whale (Delphinapterus leucas) from magnetic resonance images

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Marino, Lori, Murphy, Timothy L., Deweerd, Amy L., Morris, John A., Fobbs, Archibald J., Humblot, Nathalie, Ridgway, Sam H., Johnson, John I.·2001·The Anatomical Record

DOI 10.1002/ar.1051

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Abstract

Magnetic resonance imaging offers a means of observing the internal structure of the brain where traditional procedures of embedding, sectioning, staining, mounting, and microscopic examination of thousands of sections are not practical. Furthermore, internal structures can be analyzed in their precise quantitative spatial interrelationships, which is difficult to accomplish after the spatial distortions often accompanying histological processing. For these reasons, magnetic resonance imaging makes specimens that were traditionally difficult to analyze, more accessible. In the present study, images of the brain of a white whale (Beluga) Delphinapterus leucas were scanned in the coronal plane at 119 antero‐posterior levels. From these scans, a computer‐generated three‐dimensional model was constructed using the programs VoxelView and VoxelMath (Vital Images, Inc.). This model, wherein details of internal and external morphology are represented in three‐dimensional space, was then resectioned in orthogonal planes to produce corresponding series of “virtual” sections in the horizontal and sagittal planes. Sections in all three planes display the sizes and positions of such structures as the corpus callosum, internal capsule, cerebral peduncles, cerebral ventricles, certain thalamic nuclear groups, caudate nucleus, ventral striatum, pontine nuclei, cerebellar cortex and white matter, and all cerebral cortical sulci and gyri. Anat Rec 262:429–439, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Beluga whales have large complex brains.
“Beluga whales are members of the family Monodontidae and like the other mammalian species that demonstrate the capacity for MSR, have large complex brains [19,20] and live in complex societies with a fission-fusion social structure [21–23].”
From Evidence for mirror self-recognition in beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) (2026) · cites this paper as [19]

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Marino, L., Sudheimer, K. D., Pabst, D. A., McLellan, W. A., Filsoof, D. M., & Johnson, J. I. (2002) · The Anatomical Record · doi:10.1002/ar.10181 · Cited by 28
Self-citation
Neuroanatomy of the harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) from magnetic resonance images
Marino, L., Sudheimer, K. D., Sarko, D. K., Sirpenski, G., & Johnson, J. I. (2003) · Journal of Morphology · doi:10.1002/jmor.10126 · Cited by 29
Self-citation

Authors: Marino, L., Murphy, T. L., Deweerd, A. L., Morris, J. A., Fobbs, A. J., Humblot, N., Ridgway, S. H., & Johnson, J. I.
Affiliations: Emory University (US)
Michigan State University (US)
Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (US)
Corresponding author: Marino, Lori
ORCID: Marino, Lori
Morris, John A.
Ridgway, Sam H.
Johnson, John I.
Venue: The Anatomical Record
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2001-03-02
Volume: 262
Issue: 4
Pages: 429-439
ISSN: 0003-276X (ISSN-L)
1097-0185
DOI: 10.1002/ar.1051
OpenAlex: W2045171593
Cited by: 43
References: 32
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
FWCI: 3.57
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: The Anatomical Record (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
WBI Studies Repository (submittedVersion)
Funders: Emory University
Michigan State University
College of Engineering, Michigan State University
University of California, San Diego
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Anatomy › Comparative Animal Anatomy Studies
Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Anatomy and Medical Technology
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Marine animal studies overview
Keywords: beluga whale, neuroanatomy, 3D reconstruction, virtual sections, magnetic resonance imaging, corpus callosum, brain ventricles, cerebral peduncle, thalamic nuclei, caudate nucleus, ventral striatum, pontine nuclei, cerebellar white matter, cetacean neuroanatomy
MeSH terms: Animals, Brain, Computer Simulation, Biological Evolution, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Models, Anatomic, Whales

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Anatomy and three‐dimensional reconstructions of the brain of the white whale (Delphinapterus leucas) from magnetic resonance images

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