The DOI matches its Crossref record; 28 of the 28 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Risk of serious bacterial infections among rheumatoid arthritis patients exposed to tumor necrosis factor α antagonists
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the risk of serious bacterial infections associated with tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) antagonists among rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of US RA patients enrolled in a large health care organization identified patients who received either TNFα antagonists or methotrexate (MTX). Administrative data were used to identify hospitalizations with possible bacterial infections; corresponding medical records were abstracted and reviewed by infectious disease specialists for evidence of definite infections. Proportional hazards models evaluated time‐dependent infection risks associated with TNFα antagonists. Results: Hospital medical records with claims‐identified suspected bacterial infections were abstracted (n = 187) among RA patients who received TNFα antagonists (n = 2,393; observation time 3,894 person‐years) or MTX (n = 2,933; 4,846 person‐years). Over a median followup time of 17 months, the rate of hospitalization with a confirmed bacterial infection was 2.7% among the patients treated with TNFα antagonists compared with 2.0% among the patients treated with MTX only. The multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of infection among the patients who received TNFα antagonists was 1.9 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.3–2.8) compared with patients who received MTX only. The incidence of infections was highest within 6 months after initiating TNFα antagonist therapy (2.9 versus 1.4 infections per 100 person‐years; multivariable‐adjusted HR 4.2, 95% CI 2.0–8.8). Conclusion: The multivariable‐adjusted risk of hospitalization with a physician‐confirmed definite bacterial infection was ∼2‐fold higher overall and 4‐fold higher in the first 6 months among patients receiving TNFα antagonists versus those receiving MTX alone. RA patients were at increased risk of serious infections, irrespective of the method used to define an infectious outcome. Patients and physicians should vigilantly monitor for signs of infection when using TNFα antagonists, particularly shortly after treatment initiation.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Applied Survival Analysis: Regression Modeling of Time-to-Event Data
Hosmer, D. W., Lemeshow, S. A., & May, S. J. (2008) · Cited by 3,030
Bongartz, T., Sutton, A. J., Sweeting, M. J., Buchan, I., Matteson, E. L., & Montori, V. (2006) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.295.19.2275 · Cited by 2,468
Maini, R., St Clair, E. W., Breedveld, F., Furst, D., Kalden, J., Weisman, M., Smolen, J., Emery, P., Harriman, G., Feldmann, M., et al. (1999) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(99)05246-0 · Cited by 2,345
Weinblatt, M. E., Kremer, J. M., Bankhurst, A. D., Bulpitt, K. J., Fleischmann, R. M., Fox, R. I., Jackson, C. G., Lange, M., & Burge, D. J. (1999) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199901283400401 · Cited by 2,085
Breedveld, F. C., Weisman, M. H., Kavanaugh, A. F., Cohen, S. B., Pavelka, K., Vollenhoven, R. V., Sharp, J., Perez, J. L., & Spencer‐Green, G. T. (2006) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.21519 · Cited by 1,785
Doran, M. F., Crowson, C. S., Pond, G. R., O'Fallon, W. M., & Gabriel, S. E. (2002) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.10524 · Cited by 1,214
Keystone, E. C., Kavanaugh, A. F., Sharp, J. T., Tannenbaum, H., Hua, Y., Teoh, L. S., Fischkoff, S. A., & Chartash, E. K. (2004) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.20217 · Cited by 1,172
St. Clair, E. W., van der Heijde, D. M. F. M., Smolen, J. S., Maini, R. N., Bathon, J. M., Emery, P., Keystone, E., Schiff, M., Kalden, J. R., Wang, B., et al. (2004) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.20568 · Cited by 1,143
Colombel, J.-F., Loftus, E. V., Tremaine, W. J., Egan, L. J., Harmsen, W. S., Schleck, C. D., Zinsmeister, A. R., & Sandborn, W. J. (2004) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2003.10.047 · Cited by 899
Dixon, W. G., Watson, K., Lunt, M., Hyrich, K. L., Silman, A. J., & Symmons, D. P. M. (2006) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.21978 · Cited by 751
Cited by
The risk of infections associated with rheumatoid arthritis, with its comorbidity and treatment
Listing, J., Gerhold, K., & Zink, A. (2013) · Rheumatology · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kes305 · Cited by 541
Infection Risk and Safety of Corticosteroid Use
Youssef, J., Novosad, S. A., & Winthrop, K. L. (2016) · Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.rdc.2015.08.004 · Cited by 459
Use of Biologics in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Current and Emerging Paradigms of Care
Curtis, J. R., & Singh, J. A. (2011) · Clinical Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2011.05.044 · Cited by 326
Self-citationMinozzi, S., Bonovas, S., Lytras, T., Pecoraro, V., González-Lorenzo, M., Bastiampillai, A. J., Gabrielli, E. M., Lonati, A. C., Moja, L., Cinquini, M., et al. (2016) · Expert Opinion on Drug Safety · doi:10.1080/14740338.2016.1240783 · Cited by 308
Serious infections in a population-based cohort of 86,039 seniors with rheumatoid arthritis
Widdifield, J., Bernatsky, S., Paterson, J. M., Gunraj, N., Thorne, J. C., Pope, J., Cividino, A., & Bombardier, C. (2013) · Arthritis Care & Research · doi:10.1002/acr.21812 · Cited by 219
Metadata
- Authors
- Curtis, J. R., Patkar, N., Xie, A., Martin, C., Allison, J. J., Saag, M., Shatin, D., & Saag, K. G.
- Venue
- Arthritis & Rheumatism
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2007-03-28
- Volume
- 56
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1125-1133
- ISSN
- 0004-3591 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-0131
- OpenAlex
- W1988105075
- Cited by
- 398
- References
- 28
- FWCI
- 23.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Risk of serious bacterial infections among rheumatoid arthritis patients exposed to tumor necrosis factor α antagonists. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1002/art.22504
- The paper
- Curtis, J. R., Patkar, N., Xie, A., Martin, C., Allison, J. J., Saag, M., Shatin, D., & Saag, K. G. (2007). Risk of serious bacterial infections among rheumatoid arthritis patients exposed to tumor necrosis factor α antagonists. Arthritis & Rheumatism. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.22504
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
