The DOI matches its Crossref record; 7 of the 7 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Diversity in the mechanisms of gene regulation by estrogen receptors
Abstract
The sequencing of the human genome has opened the way for using bioinformatics to identify sets of genes controlled by specific regulatory signals. Here, we review the unexpected diversity of DNA response elements mediating transcriptional regulation by estrogen receptors (ERs), which control the broad physiological effects of estrogens. Consensus palindromic estrogen response elements are found in only a few known estrogen target genes, whereas most responsive genes contain only low‐affinity half palindromes, which may also control regulation by other nuclear receptors. ERs can also regulate gene expression in the absence of direct interaction with DNA, via protein–protein interactions with other transcription factors or by modulating the activity of upstream signaling components, thereby significantly expanding the repertoire of estrogen‐responsive genes. These diverse mechanisms of action must be taken into account in screening for potential estrogen‐responsive sequences in the genome or in regulatory regions of target genes identified by expression profiling. BioEssays 24:244–254, 2002. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.; DOI 10.1002/bies.10066
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The nuclear receptor superfamily: the second decade
Mangelsdorf, D. J., Thummel, C., Beato, M., Herrlich, P., Schütz, G., Umesono, K., Blumberg, B., Kastner, P., Mark, M., Chambon, P., et al. (1995) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90199-x · Cited by 6,964
Estrogen Receptor Null Mice: What Have We Learned and Where Will They Lead Us?
Couse, J. F., & Korach, K. S. (1999) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv.20.3.0370 · Cited by 2,045
Activation of the estrogen receptor through phosphorylation by mitogen-activated protein kinase
Kato, S., Endoh, H., Masuhiro, Y., Kitamoto, T., Uchiyama, S., Sasaki, H., Masushige, S., Gotoh, Y., Nishida, E., Kawashima, H., et al. (1995) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.270.5241.1491 · Cited by 1,964
Crystallographic analysis of the interaction of the glucocorticoid receptor with DNA
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Estrogen Actions in the Central Nervous System
McEwen, B. S. (1999) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.20.3.279 · Cited by 640
CREB-binding protein in androgen receptor-mediated signaling
Aarnisalo, P., Palvimo, J. J., & Jänne, O. A. (1998) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.95.5.2122 · Cited by 255
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Genomic Targets of Nuclear Estrogen Receptors
O’Lone, R., Frith, M. C., Karlsson, E. K., & Hansen, U. (2004) · Molecular Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/me.2003-0044 · Cited by 441
Transcription factor cross-talk: the estrogen receptor and NF-κB
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Metadata
- Authors
- Sanchez, R., Nguyen, D., Rocha, W., White, J. H., & Mader, S.
- Venue
- BioEssays
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2002-02-28
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 244-254
- ISSN
- 0265-9247 (ISSN-L)
- 1521-1878
- OpenAlex
- W2149475194
- Cited by
- 199
- References
- 7
- FWCI
- 1.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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