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Cited by 73Retinal Development and DisordersNeurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanismsGlaucoma and retinal disorders

Cell birth and death in the mouse retinal ganglion cell layer

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Farah, Mohamed H., Easter, Stephen S.·2005·The Journal of Comparative Neurology
DOI 10.1002/cne.20615
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Abstract

Here we describe quantitatively the birth and death of the two separate populations of neurons, ganglion cells and displaced amacrine cells, in the mouse retinal ganglion cell layer (GCL). The two cell types, which are roughly equally numerous, were distinguished pre- and postnatally by labeling the ganglion cells retrogradely with fluorescent dye. Embryos were labeled cumulatively with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) delivered by an osmotic minipump implanted in the mother; cell birth dates were established as having occurred before or after pump implantation. Early cohorts (GCL cells born before embryonic day [E] 11.8 and E12.8) were 98+/-1.1% and 99+/-0.2% ganglion cells (mean+/-SEM), respectively, and a late cohort (born after E15.8) was 97+/-1.2% displaced amacrines. Thus birth date was a strong predictor of a GCL cell's ultimate identity. Cell death in each cohort was estimated by counting cells at different time points (soon after the cohort was produced and later) and subtracting the later from the earlier number. This method avoids the problem of simultaneous birth and death that has plagued many of the earlier attempts to assess cell death. Negligible numbers died during the first week after a cell's birthday. The amount of cell death differed in the two cohorts; 48.5+/-15% and 29.0+/-12.4% in early and late, respectively, and most of it was postnatal. These findings disagree sharply with an earlier conclusion that ganglion cells die within 5 days of their birthdays or not at all.

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  • RGC normal programmed cell death is essentially complete by P4/P5.

    “previous work has demonstrated that RGC normal programmed cell death is essentially complete by P4/P5 (Farah and Easter, 2005).”

    From Microglia Sculpt Postnatal Neural Circuits in an Activity and Complement-Dependent Manner (2012) · cites this paper as Farah and Easter, 2005

    The Postnatal cell death section compares the predominantly ganglion-cell early cohort at P0 and P30, establishing postnatal loss but not when that loss ended. The Developmental cell death section reports dying older GCL cells during P0–P5, but does not establish that RGC death was essentially complete by P4/P5. Searches for P4/P5 and the timing of ganglion-cell death found no passage resolving that endpoint. (LLM, conf=0.72)

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Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Sidman RL. 1961. Histogenesis of mouse retina studied with thymidine- H 3 . In: Smelser G, editor. Structure of the eye. New York: Academic Press. pp 487-506.

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Authors
Farah, M. H., & Easter, S. S.
Affiliations
University of Michigan (US)
Corresponding author
Farah, Mohamed H.
ORCID
Farah, Mohamed H.
Venue
The Journal of Comparative Neurology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2005
Volume
489
Issue
1
Pages
120-134
ISSN
  • 0021-9967 (ISSN-L)
  • 1096-9861
DOI
10.1002/cne.20615
OpenAlex
W1982237034
Cited by
73
References
61
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 5
FWCI
1.25
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1 (tdm, 3895 d)
Locations
  • The Journal of Comparative Neurology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Deep Blue (University of Michigan) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5t32mh014279-33)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (MH 14279)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Retinal Development and Disorders
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Glaucoma and retinal disorders
Keywords
retinal ganglion cells, displaced amacrine cells, cell death, cell lineage, embryonic development, BrdU labeling, retrograde tracing, mouse retina
MeSH terms
Animals, Antimetabolites, Bromodeoxyuridine, Cell Count, Cell Nucleus, Female, Gestational Age, Immunohistochemistry, Pregnancy, Retina, Retinal Ganglion Cells, Cell Death, In Situ Nick-End Labeling, Mice

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