When and how can real world data analyses substitute for randomized controlled trials?

Cited by (316)

Items 101–200 of 316

1. A scoping review of core outcome sets and their ‘mapping’ onto real-world data using prostate cancer as a case study
   Michela Meregaglia, Oriana Ciani, Helen Banks, Maximilian Salcher‐Konrad, Caroline Carney, Sahan Jayawardana, Paula Ruth Williamson, Giovanni Fattore · 2020 · BMC Medical Research Methodology
2. Using real-world data for supporting regulatory decision making: Comparison of cardiovascular and safety outcomes of an empagliflozin randomized clinical trial versus real-world data
   Ha Young Jang, In‐Wha Kim, Jung Mi Oh · 2022 · Frontiers in Pharmacology
3. Real-World Therapy with Pembrolizumab: Outcomes and Surrogate Endpoints for Predicting Survival in Advanced Melanoma Patients in Germany
   Peter Mohr, Emilie Scherrer, Chalid Assaf, Marc Bender, Carola Berking, Sheenu Chandwani, Thomas Eigentler, Imke Grimmelmann, Ralf Gutzmer, Sebastian Haferkamp et al. · 2022 · Cancers
4. Drug‐Drug Interaction Surveillance Study: Comparing Self‐Controlled Designs in Five Empirical Examples in Real‐World Data
   Katsiaryna Bykov, Hu Li, Sangmi Kim, Seanna M. Vine, Vincent Lo Re, Joshua J. Gagne · 2020 · Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
5. Trajectory for the Regulatory Approval of a Combination of Pertuzumab Plus Trastuzumab for Pre-treated HER2-positive Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Using Real-world Data
   Yasutoshi Sakamoto, Hideaki Bando, Yoshiaki Nakamura, Hiromi Hasegawa, Takako Kuwaki, Wataru Okamoto, Hiroya Taniguchi, Yoshihiro Aoyagi, Miki Izumi, Hiroshi Uchigata et al. · 2022 · Clinical Colorectal Cancer
6. Efficacy and acceptability of adjunctive n‐acetylcysteine for psychotic disorders: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
   Qun Zhang, Ziping Liu, Ting Wang, Min Yu, Xiaoqian Li · 2023 · Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental
7. Taipei Medical University Clinical Research Database: a collaborative hospital EHR database aligned with international common data standards
   Phung‐Anh Nguyen, Min‐Huei Hsu, Tzu‐Hao Chang, Hsuan‐Chia Yang, Chih‐Wei Huang, Chia‐Te Liao, Christine Y. Lu, Jason C. Hsu · 2024 · BMJ Health & Care Informatics
8. Cardiovascular Safety and Superiority of Anti-Obesity Medications
   Muath Alobaida, Abdullah Alrumayh, Ayodipupo Sikiru Oguntade, Faez Al-Amodi, Mwango Bwalya · 2021 · Diabetes Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity
9. Routinely collected data as real-world evidence for physiotherapy practice
   Emiel van Trijffel, Rob A.B. Oostendorp, J.W.H. Elvers · 2019 · Physiotherapy Theory and Practice
10. Mapping Outcomes and Registries Used in Current Danish Pharmacoepidemiological Research
    Charlotte Thor Petersen, Kristoffer Jarlov Jensen, Mary Rosenzweig, Benedikte Irene von Osmanski, Mikkel Zöllner Ankarfeldt, Janne Petersen · 2022 · Clinical Epidemiology
11. The individualized delineation of clinical target volume for primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma based on invasion risk of substructures: A prospective, real-world study with a large population
    Xiaohui Wang, Nan Huang, Pui Lam Yip, Jing Wang, Runda Huang, Zhuang Sun, Dehua Kang, Qian He, Xiaowu Deng, Chong Zhao et al. · 2024 · Radiotherapy and Oncology
12. Comparative performance of a modified landmark approach when no time of treatment data are available within oncological databases: exemplary cohort study among resected pancreatic cancer patients
    Janick G. Weberpals, Lina Jansen, Geert Silversmit, Julie Verbeeck, Lydia G. van der Geest, Pauline A. J. Vissers, Vesna Zadnik, Hermann Brenner · 2018 · Clinical Epidemiology
13. The utility of real‐world evidence for benefit‐risk assessment, communication, and evaluation of pharmaceuticals: Case studies
    Christine Radawski, Tarek A. Hammad, Susan Colilla, PAUL M. COPLAN, Kenneth Hornbuckle, Emily Freeman, Meredith Y. Smith, Rachel E. Sobel, Priya Bahri, Ariel E. Arias et al. · 2020 · Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety
14. Treatment effectiveness in a rare oncology indication: Lessons from an external control cohort study
    Dina Oksen, Patricia Prince, Emmanuelle Boutmy, Elizabeth M. Garry, Barbara Ellers‐Lenz, Adina Estrin, Andreas Johne, Patrice Verpillat, Nicolle M. Gatto · 2022 · Clinical and Translational Science
15. Identifying Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in an Administrative Health Claims Database: Do Algorithms Generate Similar Findings?
    Yizhou Ye, Sudhakar Manne, Dimitri Bennett · 2019 · INQUIRY The Journal of Health Care Organization Provision and Financing
16. Implementing high‐dimensional propensity score principles to improve confounder adjustment in UK electronic health records
    John Tazare, Liam L Smeeth, Stephen J. W. Evans, Elizabeth Williamson, Ian Douglas · 2020 · Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety
17. Real-world data and evidence in health technology assessment: When are they complementary, substitutes, or the only sources of data compared to clinical trials?
    Gérard de Pouvourville, Xavier Armoiry, Aurélie Lavorel, Pascal Bilbault, Philippe Maugendre, Lionel Bensimon, Dan Beziz, Patrick Blin, Isabelle Borget, Stephane Bouée et al. · 2022 · Therapies
18. Assessing the use of observational methods and real-world data to emulate ongoing randomized controlled trials
    Joshua David Wallach, Yihong Deng, Eric C. Polley, Sanket Shishir Dhruva, Jeph S. Herrin, Kenneth Quinto, Charu Gandotra, William H. Crown, Peter A. Noseworthy, Xiaoxi Yao et al. · 2023 · Clinical Trials
19. Comparative effectiveness and safety of biosimilars versus reference biologics in rheumatoid arthritis during treatment initiation: a systematic review of real-world evidence
    Chin Hang Yiu, Grace Tsz Yan Yau, Zoi Hei Wong, Chen-yun Lin, Richard Osborne Day, Jacques Raubenheimer, Christine Y. Lu · 2025 · International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
20. The ACTTION Guide to Clinical Trials of Pain Treatments, part II: mitigating bias, maximizing value
    Robert H. Dworkin, Robert D. Kerns, Michael P. McDermott, Dennis C. Turk, Christin Veasley · 2021 · PAIN Reports
21. An analysis of the real world performance of an artificial intelligence based autism diagnostic
    Carmela Salomon, Kelianne Heinz, Judith Aronson-Ramos, Dennis Paul Wall · 2025 · Scientific Reports
22. Real-world Benefits of Diabetes Management App Use and Self-monitoring of Blood Glucose on Glycemic Control: Retrospective Analyses
    Ya-Ting Chang, Yu-Zhen Tu, Hung‐Yi Chiou, Ken Lai, Neng Chun Yu · 2022 · JMIR mhealth and uhealth
23. Utilization of real‐world data in assessing treatment effectiveness for diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma
    Grzegorz S. Nowakowski, Matthew John Maurer, James R. Cerhan, Debarshi Dey, Laurie Helen Sehn · 2022 · American Journal of Hematology
24. Effect of Statins on the Risk of Poststroke Pneumonia: National Population-Based Cohort Study
    Tae‐Jin Song, Jinkwon Kim · 2020 · Infection and Drug Resistance
25. When Can We Rely on Real‐World Evidence to Evaluate New Medical Treatments?
    Gregory E. Simon, Richard G. Platt, Jonathan Hirohiko Watanabe, Andrew B. Bindman, Alex John London, Michael Alan Horberg, Adrian F. Hernandez, Robert M. Califf · 2021 · Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
26. Real-World Evidence: Understanding Sources of Variability Through Empirical Analysis
    William H. Crown, Barbara E. Bierer · 2020 · Value in Health
27. Real-world data emulating randomized controlled trials of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants in patients with venous thromboembolism
    Dongwon Yoon, Han Eol Jeong, Sohee Park, Seng Chan You, Soo‐Mee Bang, Ju‐Young Shin · 2023 · BMC Medicine
28. Chiropractic spinal manipulation and likelihood of tramadol prescription in adults with radicular low back pain: a retrospective cohort study using US data
    Robert J. Trager, Zachary A. Cupler, Roshini Srinivasan, Regina M Casselberry, Jaime Abraham Perez, Jeffery A. Dusek · 2024 · BMJ Open
29. Characteristics of non-randomised studies of drug treatments: cross sectional study
    Sally G. Yaacoub, Raphaël Porcher, Anna Pellat, Hillary Bonnet, Viet-Thi Tran, Philippe Ravaud, Isabelle Boutron · 2024 · BMJ Medicine
30. Real-World Outcomes of Pembrolizumab in Advanced Melanoma by Age and Sex: A National Population-Based Study
    Chin Hang Yiu, Alexander Maxwell Menzies, Christine Y. Lu · 2025 · Targeted Oncology
31. Aspirin use and the risk for cardiovascular disease by lipoprotein(a) levels: a multi-cohort study
    Lisandro Damián Colantonio, Zhixin Wang, Lama Ghazi, Chibuike J Alanaeme, Ashley Christenson, Medha Dubal, Mojisola E Fasokun, Waqas A. Malick, Emily B. Levitan, Robert S. Rosenson et al. · 2025 · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology
32. Clinical Development and Initial Approval of Novel Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Oncology: Insights From a Global Regulatory Perspective
    Philippe Serrano, M. Hartmann, Elmar Schmitt, Pedro Franco, Georgios Amexis, Jan Gross, Christine Mayer‐Nicolai · 2018 · Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
33. Mortality and hospitalizations among patients enrolled in an interprofessional medication management program
    Andreas Daniel Meid, Lucas Wirbka, Robert Moecker, Carmen Ruff, Marina Weißenborn, Walter E. Haefeli, Hanna Marita Seidling · 2023 · Deutsches Ärzteblatt international
34. Association between chiropractic spinal manipulation and gabapentin prescription in adults with radicular low back pain: retrospective cohort study using US data
    Robert J. Trager, Zachary A. Cupler, Roshini Srinivasan, Regina M Casselberry, Jaime Abraham Perez, Jeffery A. Dusek · 2023 · BMJ Open
35. A method for sample size calculation via E‐value in the planning of observational studies
    Yixin Fang, Weili He, Xiaofei Hu, Hongwei Wang · 2020 · Pharmaceutical Statistics
36. Association between chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy and benzodiazepine prescription in patients with radicular low back pain: a retrospective cohort study using real-world data from the USA
    Robert J. Trager, Zachary A. Cupler, Kayla J. Delano, Jaime Abraham Perez, Jeffery A. Dusek · 2022 · BMJ Open
37. Future of Clinical Trial Methodology
    Paul S. Myles · 2022 · Anesthesia & Analgesia
38. Statistical Considerations on the Use of RWD/RWE for Oncology Drug Approvals: Overview and Lessons Learned
    Sunhee Kwon Ro, Weidong Zhang, Qi Jiang, Xiaoyun Nicole Li, Rong Liu, Chengxing Cindy Lu, Olga Marchenko, Linda Sun, Jing Zhao · 2023 · Therapeutic Innovation & Regulatory Science
39. Efficacy and Safety of Bispecific T-Cell Engagers in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma: A Real-World Data-Based Case-Controlled Study
    Suein Choi, Ja Min Byun, Sung‐Soo Park, Jinsun Han, Si-Eun Oh, Seungpil Jung, Hyejoon Park, Seunghoon Han, Jung Yeon Lee, Youngil Koh et al. · 2024 · Transplantation and Cellular Therapy
40. A Benchmark, Expand, and Calibration ( BenchExCal ) Trial Emulation Approach for Using Real‐World Evidence to Support Indication Expansions: Design and Process for a Planned Empirical Evaluation
    Shirley V. Wang, Massimiliano Russo, Robert J. Glynn, Marie C. Bradley, Jiwei He, John Concato, Sebastian Schneeweiß · 2025 · Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
41. Real world evidence for pharmaceuticals
    Gary D. Novack · 2019 · The Ocular Surface
42. Generating fit-for-purpose real-world evidence in Asia: How far are we from closing the gaps?
    Wen‐Yi Shau, Sajita Setia, Salil Prakash Shinde, Handoko Santoso, Daniel Furtner · 2023 · Perspectives in Clinical Research
43. The EU project Real4Reg: unlocking real-world data with AI
    Jonas Peltner, Cornelia Becker, Julia Wicherski, Silja Wortberg, Mohamed Aborageh, Inês Costa, Véra Ehrenstein, Joana Fernandes, Steffen Heß, Erzsébet Horváth–Puhó et al. · 2025 · Health Research Policy and Systems
44. Data Pseudonymization in a Range That Does Not Affect Data Quality: Correlation with the Degree of Participation of Clinicians
    Soo-Yong Shin, Hun‐Sung Kim · 2021 · Journal of Korean Medical Science
45. Head and Neck Radiation Therapy Patterns of Practice Variability Identified as a Challenge to Real-World Big Data: Results From the Learning from Analysis of Multicentre Big Data Aggregation (LAMBDA) Consortium
    Amanda L. Caissie, Michelle Lynn Mierzwa, Clifton David Fuller, Murali M Rajaraman, Alex Lin, Andrew MacDonald, Richard A. Popple, Ying Xiao, Lisanne Vania van Dijk, Peter A. Balter et al. · 2022 · Advances in Radiation Oncology
46. Real‐world outcomes of pembrolizumab for platinum‐refractory advanced urothelial carcinoma: Efficacy, safety, and evidence for trial‐unfit patients
    Katsuhiro Ito, Yuki Kita, Takashi Kobayashi · 2022 · International Journal of Urology
47. How Can We Make More Rapid Progress in the Leveraging of Real-World Evidence by Regulatory Decision Makers?
    Marc L. Berger, William H. Crown · 2021 · Value in Health
48. Sociodemographics and clinical factors associated with depression treatment outcomes in 65,741 first-time users of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: A Danish cohort study in older adults
    Kazi Ishtiak‐Ahmed, Kaj Sparle Christensen, Erik Lykke Mortensen, Andrew Alan Nierenberg, Christiane Gasse · 2024 · Journal of Affective Disorders
49. Review of methods to deal with the misalignment of times of eligibility, start of follow-up, and treatment assignment in studies explicitly aimed at emulating target trials
    Matthew McIntyre, Sally G. Yaacoub, Élodie Perrodeau, Raphaël Porcher, Viet-Thi Tran · 2025 · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
50. Estimation of causal effect in integrating randomized clinical trial and observational data - An example application to cardiovascular outcome trial.
    Yafei Zhang, Li-An Lin, L. Starkopf, Jie Chen, William W. B. Wang · 2021 · Contemporary Clinical Trials
51. Standards for clinical trials for treating TB
    Philipp du Cros, Jane E. Greig, J.-W. C. Alffenaar, Gail Brenda Cross, C. Cousins, Catherine Berry, Uzma A. Khan, Patrick P. J. Phillips, Gustavo E. Velásquez, Jennifer Joan Furin et al. · 2023 · The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
52. First‐line therapies for hepatitis B in the United States: A 3‐year prospective and multicenter real‐world study after approval of tenofovir alefenamide
    Calvin Q. Pan, Nezam H. Afdhal, Victor Ankoma‐Sey, Ho Bae, Michael P. Curry, Douglas T. Dieterich, Lynn M. Frazier, Andrew Frick, HIE-WON L. HANN, W. Ray Kim et al. · 2022 · Hepatology Communications
53. Comparing direct acting antivirals for hepatitis C using observational data – Why and how?
    Jim Young, Stanley Wong, Naveed Zafar Janjua, Marina B. Klein · 2020 · Pharmacology Research & Perspectives
54. Meta-analysis to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of enzalutamide and abiraterone acetate for first-line treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer in real-world settings
    Armen Garo Aprikian, Amit K. Bahl, Aurelius Gabriel Omlin, Giulia Baciarello, Abhiroop Chakravarty, Prashanth Kondaparthi, Georgia Gourgioti, Thomas McLean, Alexis Serikoff, Andrew Chilelli · 2025 · Frontiers in Oncology
55. Real-World Outcomes of Ipilimumab Plus Nivolumab for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: A National Population-Based Cohort Study
    Chin Hang Yiu, Adrian Lee, Christine Y. Lu · 2025 · Targeted Oncology
56. Real‐World Outcomes of Pembrolizumab Monotherapy in Metastatic Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer by Age and Sex: A National Population‐Based Study in Australia
    Chin Hang Yiu, Stephen John Clarke, Christine Y. Lu · 2026 · Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
57. From the Randomized AMBORA Trial to Clinical Practice: Comparison of Medication Errors in Oral Antitumor Therapy
    Lisa Cuba, Pauline Dürr, Frank Dörje, Martin F. Fromm, Katja Schlichtig · 2024 · Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
58. Operationalising routinely collected patient data in research to further the pursuit of social justice and health equity: a team-based scoping review
    Katie E. Chadd, Anna Caute, Anna Pettican, Pam Enderby · 2025 · BMC Medical Research Methodology
59. Revisiting real-world data studies: Progress, value, and challenges
    Zhirong Yang, Hou-Yu Zhao, Meng Zhang, Huairong Xiang, Huakang Tu, Feng Sun · 2025 · The Innovation Medicine
60. Real-world experience with trabectedin for the treatment of recurrent ovarian cancer
    Ignacio Romero, José Antonio López‐Guerrero, Sandro Pignata · 2021 · Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy
61. Linking the Paul Coverdell National Acute Stroke Program to commercial claims to establish a framework for real-world longitudinal stroke research
    Elisabetta Patorno, Sebastian Schneeweiß, Mary G. George, Xin Tong, Jessica Myers Franklin, Ajinkya M Pawar, Helen Mogun, Lidia M.V.R. Moura, Lee H. Schwamm · 2021 · Stroke and Vascular Neurology
62. Lessons Learned From Translational Research in Neuromuscular Diseases: Impact on Study Design, Outcome Measures and Managing Expectation
    Georgia Stimpson, Mary Chesshyre, Giovanni Baranello, Francesco Muntoni A · 2021 · Frontiers in Genetics
63. Bridging the gap between oncology clinical trials and real-world data: evidence on replicability of efficacy results using German claims data
    Marco Ghiani, Ulf Maywald, Thomas Wilke, Bart M. S. Heeg · 2022 · Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research
64. Regular Use of Ivermectin as Prophylaxis for COVID-19 Led Up to a 92% Reduction in COVID-19 Mortality Rate in a Dose-Response Manner: Results of a Prospective Observational Study of a Strictly Controlled Population of 88,012 Subjects
    Lucy Kerr, Fernando Sebastian Baldi, Raysildo Barbosa Lôbo, Washington Luiz O Assagra, Fernando Carlos Proença, Juan J Chamie-Quintero, Jennifer A Hibberd, Pierre D. Kory, Flavio Cadegiani · 2022 · Cureus
65. The Effectiveness of GenerationPMTO During Sustained Implementation in the Public Mental Health System: A Single-Arm Open Trial Evaluation
    Kendal Holtrop, Timothy F. Piehler, Debra L. Miller, Deja L. Young, Chi‐Fang Tseng, Luann J. Gray · 2023 · Behavior Therapy
66. Long-term use of hydrocodone vs. oxycodone in primary care
    Rebecca Arden Harris, Henry R. Kranzler, Kyong‐Mi Chang, Chyke A. Doubeni, Robert Gross · 2019 · Drug and Alcohol Dependence
67. Evaluating a Cox marginal structural model to assess the comparative effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids versus no inhaled corticosteroid treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    Claudia S. Cabrera, Céline Quelen, Mario Ouwens, Katarina Hedman, Una Rigney, Jennifer Kathleen Quint · 2021 · Annals of Epidemiology
68. What can real world evidence contribute to regulatory science in pre and post marketing setting?
    N. Martini, Jamie Sultana, Addis, M. Braga, G. Corrao, A. Campomori, A. Capuano, G. Corrao, R. Gini, G Mazzaglia et al. · 2020
69. Higher re-rupture rate in quadriceps tendon ACL reconstruction surgeries performed in Denmark: let’s return to the mean
    Matthieu P. Ollivier, Christophe Jacquet, Regis Pailhé, Jérémy Cognault, Étienne Cavaignac, Romain Seil · 2020 · Knee Surgery Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy
70. Bridging evidence worlds: policy and practice pathways for integrating clinical trials and real-world data in drug development and HTA
    Alexandros Sagkriotis · 2026 · Frontiers in Pharmacology
71. Leveraging real‐world evidence for determining performance goals for medical device studies
    Chenguang Wang, Gary L. Rosner, Tingting Bao, Nelson T. Lu, Wei-Chen Chen, Heng Li, Ram C. Tiwari, Yunling Xu, Lilly Q. Yue · 2021 · Statistics in Medicine
72. Improving Food and Drug Administration–Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Coordination for Drugs Granted Accelerated Approval
    Peter J. Neumann, Elliott Crummer, James D. Chambers, Sean Tunis · 2023 · Milbank Quarterly
73. Real-world data and evidence in pain research: an IMMPACT comprehensive review and best practice recommendations
    Jan Vollert, John Spivack, Blythe J. S. Adamson, Ralf Baron, John T. Farrar, Ian Gilron, David Hohenschurz‐Schmidt, Robert D. Kerns, Sean Mackey, John D. Markman et al. · 2025 · Pain
74. Big data e inteligencia artificial en el futuro manejo de pacientes. ¿Por dónde empezar? ¿En qué punto nos encontramos? ¿Quo tendimus?
    Ashraf Mina · 2020 · Advances in Laboratory Medicine / Avances en Medicina de Laboratorio
75. Preliminary Attainability Assessment of Real-World Data for Answering Major Clinical Research Questions in Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis: Framework Development and Validation Study
    Min Jeong Kim, Hyo Jung Kim, Danbee Kang, Hee Kyung Ahn, Soo-Yong Shin, Seri Park, Juhee Cho, Yeon Hee Park · 2023 · Journal of Medical Internet Research
76. Medical research, clinical trials, evidence, and the shaping of policy
    Conrad Keating · 2023 · The Lancet
77. Expert survey on real‐world data utilization and real‐world evidence generation for regulatory decision‐making in drug lifecycle in Korea
    Hankil Lee, Hyeon‐Soo Ahn, Sol Kwon, Hye‐Young Kang, Euna Han · 2024 · Clinical and Translational Science
78. Real-world evidence in cystic fibrosis modulator development: Establishing a path forward
    Amalia Magaret, Mark N. Warden, Noah Simon, Sonya L. Heltshe, Nicole Mayer-Hamblett · 2020 · Journal of Cystic Fibrosis
79. Update on real-world use of facilitated subcutaneous immunoglobulin and immune globulin subcutaneous (human) 20% solution in patients with immunodeficiencies: poster extracts from the 19th Biennial Meeting of the European Society for Immunodeficiencies
    Michael Borte, Colin Anderson‐Smits, Corinna Hermann · 2021 · Expert Review of Clinical Immunology
80. Real-world outcomes of pembrolizumab-chemotherapy combination in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer by age and sex: A national population-based study
    Chin Hang Yiu, Stephen John Clarke, Christine Y. Lu · 2026 · Lung Cancer
81. Real-World Evidence Studies in Oncology Therapeutics: Hope or Hype?
    Sayanta Thakur · 2023 · Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology
82. Real world data on digital remote refraction in a healthy population of 14,680 eyes
    Casper van der Zee, Hattabi Jamal, Marc B. Muijzer, Laurence E. Frank, Gerko Vink, Robert P. L. Wisse · 2025 · npj Digital Medicine
83. Comparative effectiveness of robot-assisted vs. open prostatectomy: a real-life nationwide study
    G. Robert, Patrick Blin, Franck Bladou, Jérémy Jové, Eric N. Ouattara, Magali Rouyer, Cécile Droz‐Perroteau, Laurent Piazza, Nathalie Préaubert · 2025 · World Journal of Urology
84. Negative control-calibrated difference-in-difference analyses: addressing unmeasured confounding in RWD with application to racial/ethnic differences
    Dazheng Zhang, Bingyu Zhang, Huiyuan Wang, Yiwen Lu, Charles J. Wolock, Wenjie Hu, Linbo Wang, George M. Hripcsak, Yong Chen · 2025 · npj Digital Medicine
85. Continued versus discontinued oral anticoagulant treatment for unprovoked venous thromboembolism: target trial emulation
    Kueiyu Joshua Lin, Dae‐Hyun Kim, Daniel E. Singer, Yichi Zhang, Alexander Cervone, Anna R Kehoe, Katsiaryna Bykov · 2025 · BMJ
86. Big data and artificial intelligence in future patient management. How is it all started? Where are we at now? Quo tendimus?
    Ashraf Mina · 2020 · Advances in Laboratory Medicine / Avances en Medicina de Laboratorio
87. Understanding when real world data can be used to replicate a clinical trial: A cross‐sectional study of medications approved in 2011
    Michael Fralick, Emily Bartsch, Jonathan J. Darrow, Aaron Seth Kesselheim · 2020 · Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety
88. Old dog with new tricks: An introduction to real-world evidence for pharmacists
    Donna Rahmatian, Mina Tadrous · 2021 · American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy
89. Clinical Trials with External Control: Beyond Propensity Score Matching
    Hongwei Wang, Yixin Fang, Weili He, Ruizhe Chen, Su Chen · 2022 · Statistics in Biosciences
90. A step-by-step guide to causal study design using real-world data
    Sarah Ruth Hoffman, Nilesh Gangan, Xiaoxue Chen, Joseph L. Smith, Arlene K. Tave, Yiling Yang, Christopher L. Crowe, Susan dosReis, Michael Grabner · 2024 · Health Services and Outcomes Research Methodology
91. Application of cultured epidermal autograft, JACE ®, improves survival rate in extensive burns: A propensity score matching study using Tokyo registry data
    Hajime Matsumura, Kazuki Shimada, Takako Komiya · 2024 · International Wound Journal
92. Two basic statistical strategies of conducting causal inference in real-world studies
    Yixin Fang · 2020 · Contemporary Clinical Trials
93. Illustrating potential effects of alternate control populations on real-world evidence-based statistical analyses
    Yidi Huang, William Yuan, Isaac S. Kohane, Brett K. Beaulieu‐Jones · 2021 · JAMIA Open
94. Applying Quantitative Approaches in the Use of RWE in Clinical Development and Life-Cycle Management
    Weili He, Yixin Fang, Hongwei Wang, Ivan S. F. Chan · 2021 · Statistics in Biopharmaceutical Research
95. Practice patterns in pediatric cataract management: Time for real world data
    Ken Kanwal Nischal · 2017 · Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
96. Policy models for preventative interventions in cardiometabolic diseases: a systematic review
    Septiara Putri, Giorgio Ciminata, Jim Lewsey, Hanin Farhana Kamaruzaman, Yuejiao Duan, Claudia Geue · 2025 · BMC Health Services Research
97. Treatment Persistence in Rheumatoid Arthritis Before and After Etanercept Biosimilar Introduction: A Nationwide Australian Real-World Study
    Chin Hang Yiu, Bella D. Ianni, Richard Osborne Day, Jacques Raubenheimer, Christine Y. Lu · 2025 · Pharmaceutical Medicine
98. Cost-effectiveness of integrative oncology for sustainable and patient-centred cancer care: a systematic review in the context of the WHO global traditional medicine strategy 2025–2034
    Friedemann Schad, Anja Thronicke, Thomas Reinhold, Shiao Li Oei, Hiba Boujnah, Elisa Baldini, Henrik Szőke, Nina Fuller-Shavel, Georg Seifert · 2026 · Frontiers in Public Health
99. An Attempt to Replicate Randomized Trials of Diabetes Treatments Using a Japanese Administrative Claims and Health Checkup Database: A Feasibility Study
    Ryozo Wakabayashi, Takahiro Hirano, Tadashi Koga, Ryohei Kuwatsuru · 2023 · Drugs - Real World Outcomes
100. A Two‐Step Framework for Validating Causal Effect Estimates
     Lingjie Shen, Erik Visser, Felice N. van Erning, Gijs Geleijnse, Maurits Clemens Kaptein · 2024 · Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety