Characteristics of worry in GAD patients, social phobics, and controls

Hoyer, J�rgen; Becker, Eni S.; Roth, Walton T.

doi:10.1002/da.1021

Cited by 86Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesObsessive-Compulsive Spectrum DisordersMental Health Research Topics

Characteristics of worry in GAD patients, social phobics, and controls

Open access

Hoyer, J�rgen, Becker, Eni S., Roth, Walton T.·2001·Depression and Anxiety

DOI 10.1002/da.1021

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

Phenomenological features of worry such as thought content, subjective experience of worry, and efforts to control were investigated in the present interview study, as well as retrospective information about possible origins. To examine the clinical specificity of worrying in Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), 36 GAD patients were compared to a normal control group (N = 30) and to a clinical control group (N = 22 social phobics). GAD patients differed from both groups in having higher frequency of worry, higher number of different worry topics, lower subjective controllability, more accompanying bodily symptoms, and more distress during worry. Thus, in general, our data confirm the central and specific role of worrying in GAD. Furthermore, in contrast to other topics, worrying about daily hassles was specific to GAD patients, which represents a lower threshold for starting to worry.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1002/da.1021

Cites

20 of 20 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

The time spent on these worries is 10 times higher in the cited study.
“Der Zeitaufwand für diese Sorgen ist in der genannten Studie um den Faktor 10 höher.”
From Wann sind Sorgen pathologisch? (2009) · cites this paper as Hoyer et al. [2001]
The General Phenomenological Features of Worry section reports daily worry durations of 381 minutes for GAD patients, 74 for social phobics, and 103 for controls (page not available in our copy). It supports a higher time spent worrying in the GAD group, but does not establish the claimed tenfold difference; the comparator implied by the citing sentence is not identified here. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Worries of GAD patients are experienced as significantly less controllable and more emotionally impairing and are accompanied by stronger physical symptoms than those of healthy people or patients with social phobia.
“Sorgen von Patienten mit Generalisierter Angststörung werden als deutlich weniger kontrollierbar und emotional stärker beeinträchtigend erlebt und sind von stärkeren körperlichen Symptomen begleitet als diejenigen von Gesunden oder von Patienten mit einer anderen Angststörung (Soziale Phobie, Hoyer et al. [2001]).”
From Wann sind Sorgen pathologisch? (2009) · cites this paper as Hoyer et al. [2001]

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

An inventory for measuring depression
BECK, A. T. (1961) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004 · Cited by 38,032 · see citing works
SCL-90: an outpatient psychiatric rating scale--preliminary report.
Derogatis, L. R., Lipman, R. S., & Covi, L. (1973) · PubMed · Cited by 3,815 · see citing works
Preliminary exploration of worry: Some characteristics and processes
Borkovec, T. D., Robinson, E., Pruzinsky, T., & DePree, J. A. (1983) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(83)90121-3 · Cited by 1,468 · see citing works
Assessment of fear of fear in agoraphobics: The Body Sensations Questionnaire and the Agoraphobic Cognitions Questionnaire.
Chambless, D. L., Caputo, G. C., Bright, P., & Gallagher, R. (1984) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.52.6.1090 · Cited by 1,247 · see citing works
Anxiety and It's Disorders
Prakash, R. (2003) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.v64n0318d · Cited by 1,031 · see citing works
Untitled work
(1997) · Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) · Cited by 714 · see citing works
The nature of worry in generalized anxiety disorder: A predominance of thought activity
Borkovec, T. D., & Inz, J. (1990) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(90)90027-g · Cited by 634 · see citing works
Untitled work
(1994) · Cited by 553 · see citing works
Worrying: Perspectives on theory, assessment and treatment
Carmin, C. N. (1995) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/0272-7358(95)90175-2 · Cited by 500 · see citing works
Worrying: Perspectives on theory, assessment and treatment.
Davey, G. C. L., & Tallis, F. (1994) · Wiley eBooks · Cited by 451 · see citing works
The Science and Practice of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy
Clark, D. M., Fairburn, C. G., & Jones, J. V. (1997) · Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1891/0889-8391.11.2.141 · Cited by 447 · see citing works
DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTIC MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS
정성훈 (2013) · 한국정신보건사회복지학회 학술발표논문집 · Cited by 435 · see citing works
Qualitative dimensions of worry in DSM-III-R generalized anxiety disorder subjects and nonanxious controls
Craske, M. G., Rapee, R. M., Jackel, L., & Barlow, D. H. (1989) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(89)90010-7 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
An Investigation of Worry Content among Generally Anxious Individuals
Roemer, L., MOLINA, S., & Borkovec, T. D. (1997) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-199705000-00005 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Pathological worry in major depression: a preliminary report
Starčević, V. (1995) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(93)e0028-4 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
A Description of Patients Diagnosed with DSM-III-R Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Sanderson, W. C., & Barlow, D. H. (1990) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-199009000-00006 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Don’t Worry and Beware of White Bears
Becker, E. S., Rinck, M., Roth, W. T., & Margraf, J. (1998) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/s0887-6185(97)00048-0 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Self-citation
Effects of intravenous caffeine administered to healthy males during sleep
Lin, A. S., Uhde, T. W., Slate, S. O., & McCann, U. D. (1997) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/(sici)1520-6394(1997)5:1 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
The scale of maladaptive self-consciousness: A valid and useful measure in the study of social phobia
Makris, G. S., & Heimberg, R. G. (1995) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/0191-8869(95)00092-k · Cited by 8 · see citing works
A metacognitive model and therapy for generalized anxiety disorder
Wells, A. (1999) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0879(199905)6:2

Flagged first, then by citations

1 of the 21 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 2

Salkovskis P, Kirk J. 1996. Obsessive-compulsive disorder. In: Clark DM, Fairburn CG, editors. Science and practice of cog- nitive behaviour therapy. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p 179-208.
Spitzer RL, Williams JBW, Gibbon M. 1987. Structured clinical interview for DSM-III-R (Upjohn version). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.

Sorted by citations

A cognitive model of pathological worry
Hirsch, C. R., & Mathews, A. (2012) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2012.06.007 · Cited by 400 · see citing works
Generalized worry disorder: a review of DSM-IV generalized anxiety disorder and options for DSM-V
Andrews, G., Hobbs, M. J., Borkovec, T. D., Beesdo, K., Craske, M. G., Heimberg, R. G., Rapee, R. M., Ruscio, A. M., & Stanley, M. A. (2010) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20658 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Worry and the anxiety disorders: A meta-analytic synthesis of specificity to GAD
Olatunji, B., Wolitzky-Taylor, K. B., Sawchuk, C. N., & Ciesielski, B. G. (2010) · Applied and Preventive Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.appsy.2011.03.001 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Is repetitive negative thinking a transdiagnostic process? A comparison of key processes of RNT in depression, generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and community controls.
Wahl, K., Ehring, T., Kley, H., Lieb, R., Meyer, A., Kordon, A., Heinzel, C. V., Mazanec, M., & Schönfeld, S. (2019) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2019.02.006 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Repetitive Thought and Emotional Distress: Rumination and Worry as Prospective Predictors of Depressive and Anxious Symptomatology
Calmes, C. A., & Roberts, J. E. (2007) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-006-9026-9 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Cognitive specificity of anxiety disorders: a review of selected key constructs
Starcevic, V., & Berle, D. (2006) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20145 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Die bedeutung von unsicherheitsintoleranz für die generalisierte angststörung modellüberlegungen und entwicklung einer deutschen version der unsicherheitsintoleranz-skala
Gerlach, A. L., Andor, T., & Patzelt, J. (2008) · Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie · doi:10.1026/1616-3443.37.3.190 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Emotional eating in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa
Ricca, V., Castellini, G., Fioravanti, G., Sauro, C. L., Rotella, F., Ravaldi, C., Lazzeretti, L., & Faravelli, C. (2011) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2011.04.062 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
The importance of worry across diagnostic presentations: Prevalence, severity and associated symptoms in a partial hospital setting
Kertz, S. J., Bigda-Peyton, J. S., Rosmarin, D. H., & Björgvinsson, T. (2012) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2011.10.005 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Erratum to: Repetitive Thought and Emotional Distress: Rumination and Worry as Prospective Predictors of Depressive and Anxious Symptomatology
Calmes, C. A., & Roberts, J. E. (2012) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-012-9447-6 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Interpersonal Subtypes Within Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Salzer, S., Pincus, A. L., Hoyer, J., Kreische, R., Leichsenring, F., & Leibing, E. (2008) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1080/00223890701885076 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Self-citation
Superior perception of phasic physiological arousal and the detrimental consequences of the conviction to be aroused on worrying and metacognitions in GAD
Andor, T., Gerlach, A. L., & Rist, F. (2008) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.117.1.193 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Pathological worry, anxiety disorders and the impact of co-occurrence with depressive and other anxiety disorders.
Starcevic, V., Berle, D., Milicevic, D., Hannan, A., Lamplugh, C., & Eslick, G. (2007) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2006.10.015 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Low perception of control as a cognitive factor of eating disorders. Its independent effects on measures of eating disorders and its interactive effects with perfectionism and self-esteem
Sassaroli, S., Gallucci, M., & Ruggiero, G. M. (2008) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2007.11.005 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Anxiety sensitivity and worry
Floyd, M. R., Garfield, A., & LaSota, M. T. (2004) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2004.08.005 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Meaning in life, psychological hardiness and death anxiety: individuals with or without generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
Dursun, P., Alyağut, P., & Yılmaz, I. (2022) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-021-02695-3 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
The extent and nature of imagery during worry and positive thinking in generalized anxiety disorder.
Hirsch, C. R., Hayes, S., Mathews, A., Perman, G., & Borkovec, T. D. (2011) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0024947 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
The emotional experience associated with worrying: anxiety, depression, or stress?
Szabó, M. (2010) · Anxiety Stress & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615801003653430 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
RST and clinical disorders: anxiety and depression
Zinbarg, R. E., & Yoon, K. L. (2008) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511819384.013 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
The relation between worrying and concerns: The importance of perceived probability and cost
Berenbaum, H., Thompson, R. J., & Pomerantz, E. M. (2006) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2006.03.009 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Worry content across the lifespan: an analysis of 16- to 74-year-old participants in the British National Survey of Psychiatric Morbidity 2000
LINDESAY, J., BAILLON, S., BRUGHA, T., DENNIS, M., STEWART, R., ARAYA, R., & MELTZER, H. (2006) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291706008439 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Cognitive-behavioral therapy for generalized anxiety
Borza, L. (2017) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.31887/dcns.2017.19.2/lborza · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Generalized anxiety disorder and clinical worry episodes in young women
HOYER, J., BECKER, E. S., & MARGRAF, J. (2002) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291702006360 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Self-citation
Examining characteristics of worry in relation to depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation and attempts
Gorday, J. Y., Rogers, M. L., & Joiner, T. E. (2018) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.10.004 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Should uncontrollable worry be removed from the definition of GAD? A test of incremental validity
Hallion, L. S., & Ruscio, A. M. (2013) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0031731 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
The experience of worry in parent–adult child relationships
Hay, E. L., Fingerman, K. L., & Lefkowitz, E. S. (2007) · Personal Relationships · doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.2007.00174.x · Cited by 43 · see citing works
The diagnostic threshold of generalized anxiety disorder in the community: A developmental perspective
Beesdo‐Baum, K., Winkel, S., Pine, D. S., Hoyer, J., Höfler, M., Lieb, R., & Wïttchen, H. (2011) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.12.007 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citation
Changes in risk-taking over the course of an internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy treatment for generalized anxiety disorder
Lorian, C. N., Titov, N., & Grisham, J. R. (2011) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2011.10.003 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Psychometrische Gütekriterien des Metakognitionsfragebogens (Kurzversion, MKF-30)
Arndt, A., Patzelt, J., Andor, T., Hoyer, J., & Gerlach, A. (2011) · Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie · doi:10.1026/1616-3443/a000087 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citation
Prefrontal-limbic connectivity during worry in older adults with generalized anxiety disorder
Mohlman, J., Eldreth, D. A., Price, R. B., Staples, A. M., & Hanson, C. (2015) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607863.2015.1109058 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Content of Worry in the Community: What Do People With Generalized Anxiety Disorder or Other Disorders Worry About?
Becker, E. S., Goodwin, R., Hölting, C., Hoyer, J., & Margraf, J. (2003) · Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/01.nmd.0000092198.20420.fc · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Self-citation
Psychotherapy for Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Don't Worry, It Works!
Hoyer, J., & Gloster, A. T. (2009) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.psc.2009.05.002 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Worries Adult Children and Their Parents Experience for One Another
Hay, E. L., Fingerman, K. L., & Lefkowitz, E. S. (2008) · The International Journal of Aging and Human Development · doi:10.2190/ag.67.2.a · Cited by 31 · see citing works
A community-based epidemiological study of health anxiety and generalized anxiety disorder
Lee, S., Lam, I. M. H., Kwok, K. P. S., & Leung, C. M. C. (2013) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2013.10.002 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Generalized implicit fear associations in Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Reinecke, A., Becker, E. S., Hoyer, J., & Rinck, M. (2010) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20662 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Self-citation
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Rowa, K., Waechter, S., Hood, H. K., & Antony, M. M. (2017) · Psychopathology · doi:10.1002/9781394258949.ch4 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Worry and Positive Episodes in the Daily Lives of Individuals With Generalized Anxiety Disorder: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study
Vîslă, A., Zinbarg, R., Hilpert, P., Allemand, M., & Flückiger, C. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.722881 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Examination of characteristics of ruminative thinking as unique predictors of suicide-related outcomes
Rogers, M. L., Gorday, J. Y., & Joiner, T. E. (2021) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.05.001 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Concreteness of idiographic worry and anticipatory processing
McGowan, S. K., Stevens, E. S., Behar, E., Judah, M. R., Mills, A. C., & Grant, D. M. (2016) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2016.08.005 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Cognitive-behavior therapy resolves implicit fear associations in generalized anxiety disorder.
Reinecke, A., Rinck, M., Becker, E., & Hoyer, J. (2013) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2012.10.004 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citation
Psychopathology of eating disorders
Castellini, G., Trisolini, F., & Ricca, V. (2014) · Florence Research (University of Florence) · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Cognitive-behavioural therapy reduces unwanted thought intrusions in generalized anxiety disorder
Reinecke, A., Hoyer, J., Rinck, M., & Becker, E. S. (2012) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2012.06.003 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citation
An exploration of Intolerance of Uncertainty and memory bias.
Francis, K., Dugas, M. J., & Ricard, N. (2016) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2016.03.011 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
The Epidemiology of Worry and Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Holaway, R. M., Rodebaugh, T. L., & Heimberg, R. G. (2006) · Worry and its Psychological Disorders · doi:10.1002/9780470713143.ch1 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Daily fluctuations in occupation with and worry about COVID-19
Lodder, G. M. A., van Halem, S., Bülow, A., van Scheppingen, M. A., Weller, J. A., & Reitz, A. K. (2021) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2021.111078 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Epidemiologie und nosologischer Status der Generalisierten Angststörung
Hoyer, J., Beesdo‐Baum, K., Becker, E. S., & Wïttchen, H. (2003) · Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie · doi:10.1026/0084-5345.32.4.267 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citation
Individuals Intolerant of Uncertainty: The Maintenance of Worry and Distress Despite Reduced Uncertainty
Ranney, R. M., Behar, E., & Bartoszek, G. (2018) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2018.08.006 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Dimensional indicators of generalized anxiety disorder severity for DSM-V
Niles, A. N., Lebeau, R. T., Liao, B., Glenn, D. E., & Craske, M. G. (2012) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2011.12.007 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Examining the Factor Structure and Incremental Utility of the Contrast Avoidance Questionnaires via Bifactor Analysis
Rogers, T. A., Gorday, J. Y., Bardeen, J. R., & Benfer, N. (2022) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1080/00223891.2022.2081921 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
The impact of uncontrollability beliefs and thought-related distress on ecological momentary interventions for generalized anxiety disorder: A moderated mediation model
LaFreniere, L. S., & Newman, M. G. (2019) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2019.102113 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Targeting Intolerance of Uncertainty
Robichaud, M. (2013) · CBT for Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1002/9781118330043.ch3 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Stevens, E. S., Jendrusina, A. A., Sarapas, C., & Behar, E. (2014) · The Wiley Handbook of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1002/9781118775349.ch21 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Appraisal of activating thoughts in generalized anxiety disorder.
Upatel, T., & Gerlach, A. (2008) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2007.07.004 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Baseline Client Interpersonal Agency Moderates the Indirect Effect of Treatment on Long-term Worry in Variants of CBT for Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Penedo, J. M. G., Constantino, M. J., Coyne, A. E., Romano, F. M., Westra, H. A., & Antony, M. M. (2019) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2019.01.007 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
An exploration of worry content and catastrophic thinking in middle‐aged and older‐aged adults with and without Parkinson's disease
Wright, A., Hurt, C. S., Gorniak, S. L., & Brown, R. G. (2014) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.4146 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
The Association between Metacognitions and Worry: The Mediator Role of Experiential Avoidance Strategies
Yıldırım, J. C., & Bahtiyar, B. (2022) · The Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00223980.2022.2107977 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Wann sind Sorgen pathologisch?
Hoyer, J., & Heidrich, S. (2009) · Verhaltenstherapie · doi:10.1159/000201938 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citation
Validating the Diathesis–Stress Model Based Case Conceptualization Procedure in Cognitive Behavioral Therapies: The LIBET (Life Themes and Semi-Adaptive Plans—Implications of Biased Beliefs, Elicitation and Treatment) Procedure
Sassaroli, S., Caselli, G., Mansueto, G., Palmieri, S., Pepe, A., Veronese, G., & Ruggiero, G. M. (2021) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-021-00421-3 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Adolescent Worry Induction: An Experimental Laboratory Evaluation
Frala, J. L., Mischel, E. R., Knapp, A. A., Autry, K. S., & Leen-Feldner, E. W. (2014) · Journal of Experimental Psychopathology · doi:10.5127/jep.033912 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Worry and Rumination: Measurement Invariance Across Gender
Carter, J. A. (2021) · Digital Commons - USU (Utah State University) · doi:10.26076/91e0-6588 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Childhood abuse/neglect and temporal patterns in late-life anxiety
Bakouni, H., Ouimet, M. C., Desjardins, S., Forget, H., & Vasiliadis, H. (2022) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607863.2022.2076204 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Your Fear is My Fear: The Relationship Between Parental and Offspring Anxieties
Adolph, D., Margraf, J., & Schneider, S. (2020) · Child Psychiatry and Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-020-01060-y · Cited by 3 · see citing works
A brief scale of pathological worry that everyone already has
Verkuil, B., Brownlow, B. N., Vasey, M. W., BROSSCHOT, J. F., & Thayer, J. F. (2021) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-021-01603-z · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Generalisierte Angststörung
Hoyer, J., & Beesdo, K. (2006) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-28511-3_39 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citation
Generalized anxiety disorder: Assessment and treatment
Gerlach, A. L., & Stevens, S. (2014) · The Wiley Handbook of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1002/9781118775349.ch48 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Die generalisierte Angststörung – ein Update
Plag, J., & Hoyer, J. (2019) · PSYCH up2date · doi:10.1055/a-0646-9925 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citation
Generalisierte Angststörung
Hoyer, J., & Beesdo‐Baum, K. (2011) · Springer-Lehrbuch · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-13018-2_42 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citation
Generalisierte Angststörung
Plag, J., & Hoyer, J. (2013) · PSYCH up2date · doi:10.1055/s-0032-1332872 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citation
People experience similar intrusions about past and future autobiographical negative experiences
Takarangi, M. K. T., Sanson, M., Moeck, E. K., & Johns, M. (2024) · Memory · doi:10.1080/09658211.2024.2422906 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Usability and Feasibility of a Contrast Avoidance Model-Based Virtual Reality Protocol Designed for Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Darmová, B., Fajnerová, I., & Appel, L. (2026) · Technologies · doi:10.3390/technologies14050305
Childhood Anxiety Disorders: A Cognitive Neurobiological Perspective
Monk, C. S., & Pine, D. S. (2011) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780199798261.003.0070 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Looming Vulnerability in Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Cassin, S. E., Rector, N. A., & Riskind, J. H. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-8782-5_11 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Generalisierte Angststörung
Hoyer, J., & Beesdo‐Baum, K. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-61814-1_48 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citation
Generalisierte Angststörung
Becker, E. S. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-54909-4_5 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citation
Screening for Generalized Anxiety Disorder in inpatient psychosomatic rehabilitation: pathological worry and the impact of depressive symptoms Screening nach der Generalisierten Angststörung in einer Fachklinik für Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik: pathologisches Sich-Sorgen und der Einfluss von Depressivität
Salzer, S., Stiller, C., Tacke-Pook, A., Jacobi, C., & Leibing, E. (2009) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Evaluating an Intensive Recovery Programme for Adolescents Who Have Been Bullied: a Mixed Methods Study
Knights, N. (2012) · University of Hertfordshire Research Archive (University of Hertfordshire) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
6 Generalisierte Angststörung
(2005) · Thieme eBooks · doi:10.1055/b-0034-37721 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Darstellung der Wirksamkeit von kognitiv-behavioraler Therapie und Antidepressiva-Therapie bei der Behandlung der Generalisierten Angststörung
Staudacher, K. (2012) · doi:10.53846/goediss-1185
Clinical Correlates and Cognitive Underpinnings of Uncontrollable Worry
Hallion, L. S. (2014) · ScholarlyCommons (University of Pennsylvania)
Diagnostik der Generalisierten Angststörungen
Bär, T., & Linden, M. (2007) · Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie up2date · doi:10.1055/s-2007-971025
Generalisierte Angststörung
Becker, E. S. (2008) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-79543-8_5
Self-citation
REMOVED DUE TO POLICY VIOLATIONSPreprint
Lodder, G. M. A., van Halem, S., Bülow, A., van Scheppingen, M. A., Weller, J. A., & Reitz, A. K. (2021) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/nf3ja
Worry Moderates Plasma Placental Growth Factor (PIGF) and Cognition in Older Adults with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI)
Lam, J. C., Louras, P., Savettiere, A., & Fairchild, J. K. (2025) · Experimental Aging Research · doi:10.1080/0361073x.2025.2468102 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Exploring the dynamics of fear of missing out in primary school students: examining predictors and outcomes through latent transition analysis
Dai, Q., Hu, Y., Ye, B., & Ren, L. (2026) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-026-03975-y
Generalisierte Angststörungen
Linden, M. (2026) · Psychotherapie: Praxis · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-72268-8_96
Kognitiv-behaviorale und tiefenpsychologisch fundierte Therapie der Generalisierten Angst: Ein Therapieprozessvergleich
Hofmann, N. (2008) · doi:10.53846/goediss-3429

A controlled clinical trial on the dynamics of worrying in generalized anxiety disorders: Dynamics of worrying
Linden, M. (2026) · Giornale italiano di psicopatologia/Journal of psychopathology/Italian journal of psychopathology
Qualitative dimensions of worry in DSM-III-R generalized anxiety disorder subjects and nonanxious controls
Craske, M. G., Rapee, R. M., Jackel, L., & Barlow, D. H. (1989) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(89)90010-7 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Experience and appraisal of worry among high worriers with and without generalized anxiety disorder
Ruscio, A. M., & Borkovec, T. D. (2004) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2003.10.007 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Characteristics of worry in Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Hirsch, C. R., Mathews, A., Lequertier, B., Perman, G., & Hayes, S. (2013) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2013.03.004 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
An Investigation of Worry Content among Generally Anxious Individuals
Roemer, L., MOLINA, S., & Borkovec, T. D. (1997) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-199705000-00005 · Cited by 193 · see citing works

Authors: Hoyer, J., Becker, E. S., & Roth, W. T.
Affiliations: Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
VA Palo Alto Health Care System (US)
Corresponding author: Hoyer, J�rgen
ORCID: Hoyer, J�rgen
Becker, Eni S.
Venue: Depression and Anxiety
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Published: 2001
Volume: 13
Issue: 2
Pages: 89-96
ISSN: 1091-4269 (ISSN-L)
1520-6394
DOI: 10.1002/da.1021
OpenAlex: W2150555650
Cited by: 86
References: 21
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 6
FWCI: 2.00
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1 (tdm, 5356 d)
Locations: Depression and Anxiety (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
Keywords: worry, generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, thought content, somatic symptoms, daily hassles
MeSH terms: Adult, Anxiety Disorders, Female, Humans, Male, Phobic Disorders, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Surveys and Questionnaires, Retrospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Somatoform Disorders

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Characteristics of worry in GAD patients, social phobics, and controls

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks