Evaluation of the proximate composition, antioxidant potential, and antimicrobial activity of mango seed kernel extracts
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Abstract After pulp extraction in fruit processing industry, a significant quantity of mango seed kernels are discarded as solid wastes. These seed kernels can be ideal raw materials for obtaining extracts rich in bioactive compounds with good antioxidant properties. The conversion of these wastes into utilizable food ingredients would help in reducing environmental problems associated with processing waste disposal. In order to determine their potential use, this study evaluated some of the biochemical characteristics and antimicrobial potential of mango seed kernel extracts on medically important human bacterial and fungal pathogens. Four mango varieties (Apple, Ngowe, Kent and Sabine) from Makueni and Embu counties in Kenya were used for this study. The analyzed mango seed kernel powders were found to contain on average, 6.74–9.20% protein content. Apple and Ngowe mango seed kernels had significantly higher fat content of 13.04 and 13.08, respectively, while Sabine from Makueni had the least fat content of 9.84%. The ash, fiber, and carbohydrate contents ranged from 1.78 to 2.87%, 2.64 to 3.71% and 72.86 to 75.92%, respectively. The mean percentage scavenging ability of mango kernel extracts at the concentration of 20 mg/mL was 92.22%. Apple and Sabine mango kernel extracts had significantly high inhibition zones of 1.93 and 1.73 compared to Kent and Ngowe with 1.13 and 1.10, respectively, against E. coli. For C. albicans, the inhibition of Kent mango kernel extract, 1.63, was significantly lower than that of Ngowe, Apple, and Sabine with 2.23, 2.13, and 1.83, respectively. This study demonstrates that mango seed powder is an abundant and cost‐effective potential natural antibiotic and antifungal that can be utilized in addressing the challenge of food poisoning and infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms in the food industry.
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Mango kernel extracts have potent antimicrobial activity, ascribed to phytochemicals including flavonoids, terpenes, coumarins, and tannins.
“The potent antimicrobial activity of mango kernel extracts was ascribed to the incidence of phytochemicals, including flavonoids, terpenes, coumarins, and tannins [154].”
From Valorization of Fruit Waste for Bioactive Compounds and Their Applications in the Food Industry (2023) · cites this paper as [154]
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Production of mango seed butter for cosmetic use
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Alkyd Resin Synthesis from Mango Seed Oil (Mangifer Indica, Anacardiceae)
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A Critical Review on the Plants Used for the Treatment of Ulcer in Kerala
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Mechanochemical Effects of High-Intensity Ultrasound on Dual Starch Modification of Mango Cotyledons
Torres, R., Andrade-Pizarro, R. D., Tirado, D. F., Chávez‐Salazar, A., & Galeano, F. J. C. (2025) · AgriEngineering · doi:10.3390/agriengineering7060190 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Mango waste utilization: from valorization to therapeutic potential and research advances
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Comparative Studies on Alkyd Resins from Palm (Elaeis guineensis) Oil and Mango (Mangifera) Seed-Oil
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Role of Mango in Immune SystemPreprint
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Role of Mango in Immune SystemPreprint
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- Authors
- Mutua, J. K., Imathiu, S., & Owino, W.
- Affiliations
- Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (KE)
- Corresponding author
- Owino, Willis
- Venue
- Food Science & Nutrition
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2016-06-25
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 349-357
- ISSN
- 2048-7177 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5332260
- OpenAlex
- W2474147553
- Cited by
- 113
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 6.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Food Science & Nutrition (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Informationszentrum Lebenswissenschaften (ZB MED) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Kenya Agricultural Productivity and Agribusiness Project (KAPAP)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Mangiferin and Mango Extracts
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Medicinal Plant Research
- Keywords
- mango seed kernel, mango cultivars, proximate composition, antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity, antifungal activity, antibacterial activity, food waste valorization, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, natural antibiotics
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