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Cited by 48Oil, Gas, and Environmental IssuesOil Spill Detection and MitigationGlobal Energy and Sustainability Research

Conflicts-Oil exploration and water

Open access
Zabbey, Nenibarini, Olsson, Gustaf·2017·Global Challenges
DOI 10.1002/gch2.201600015PMC PMC6607187
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Abstract

Water resources and water quality are closely related to oil exploration, refining and distribution. Since oil products provide over 90% of transport energy in almost all countries it is apparent that any oil operation is an inherent risk for water resources. Since water supplies will be increasingly stressed as a consequence of climate change and population increase the environmental risks associated with oil exploration may intensify. Thus, there are more reasons than CO2 emissions and climate change to cut down on oil production and consumption. In this paper water related risks are discussed from two aspects: (1) water use and water pollution as a result of normal exploration, refining and distribution, (2) water and marine life contamination caused by accidents. It will be exemplified by some major oil accidents, too often caused by human errors or negligence. Ecological effects of oil contamination for seawaters and freshwaters are discussed. Some aspects of social and economic consequences are examined. Some possibilities for mitigating oil leakage risks are highlighted.

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  • Extraction of biofuels is far less damaging to the local environment than extraction of fossil fuels.

    “Explosions are reported with the extraction of crude oil for fossil fuels and many aquatic reserves can be polluted during extraction, posing a damaging effect to sea-life [70], thus extraction of biofuels is far less damaging to the local environment.”

    From Investigation of Biofuel as a Potential Renewable Energy Source (2021) · cites this paper as [70]

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Authors
Zabbey, N., & Olsson, G.
Affiliations
  • University of Port Harcourt (NG)
  • Lund University (SE)
Corresponding author
Olsson, Gustaf
ORCID
Venue
Global Challenges
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2017-07-13
Volume
1
Issue
5
Pages
1600015-1600015
ISSN
2056-6646 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1002/gch2.201600015
PMC
PMC6607187
OpenAlex
W2734837909
Cited by
48
References
39
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2
FWCI
0.13
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Global Challenges (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Oil, Gas, and Environmental Issues
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation
  • Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Global Energy and Sustainability Research
Keywords
petroleum exploration, water resources, water pollution, oil refining, oil distribution, oil spills, marine pollution, freshwater pollution, human error, water consumption, climate change, water scarcity, risk mitigation, socio-economic impacts

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