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Late Wisconsinan Port Eliza Cave deposits and their implications for human coastal migration, Vancouver Island, Canada

Al‐Suwaidi, M., Ward, B.C., Wilson, M.C., Hebda, R.J., Nagorsen, D.W., Marshall, D., Ghaleb, B., Wigen, R.J., Enkin, R.J.·2006·Geoarchaeology
DOI 10.1002/gea.20106
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Abstract

Sediments of Port Eliza Cave provide a record of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) on Vancouver Island that has important implications for human migration along the debated coastal migration route. Lithofacies changes from nonglacial diamict to glacial laminated silt and clay and till, then a return to nonglacial conditions with oxidized clay, colluvial block beds, and speleothems, along with radiocarbon and U/Th dates, define glacial–nonglacial transitions. Scanning electron microscope studies and clay mineralogy confirm that the laminated fines represent glaciation. Preglacial faunal evidence shows a diverse range from small species, including birds, fish, vole, and marmot, to larger species, such as mountain goat. Pollen data from the same unit show a cold, dry tundra environment with sparse trees. Deglaciation occurred prior to an age of 12.3 ka B.P. based on dated mountain goat bone. These data support the viability of the coastal migration route for humans prior to ˜16 ka B.P. and then as early as ˜13 ka B.P. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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  • Maximum and minimum limiting radiocarbon ages from Vancouver Island demonstrate that ice advanced over the island after 19.6 ka and retreated before 15.7 ka.

    “Maximum and minimum limiting radiocarbon ages from Vancouver Island (Al-Suwaidi et al., 2006) demonstrate that ice advanced over the island after 19.6 ka and retreated before 15.7 ka.”

    From Retreat of the Western Cordilleran Ice Sheet Margin During the Last Deglaciation (2018) · cites this paper as Al-Suwaidi et al., 2006

  • Fossil evidence for deglacial refugia from these islands, as well as Haida Gwaii and Vancouver Island, add to the story of an early habitable coastal route, likely before an interior route became viable.

    “Fossil evidence for deglacial refugia from these islands, as well as Haida Gwaii (Mathewes et al., 2015) and Vancouver Island (Al-Suwaidi et al., 2006;Ward et al., 2003) add to the story of an early habitable coastal route, likely before an interior route became viable.”

    From Retreat of the Western Cordilleran Ice Sheet Margin During the Last Deglaciation (2018) · cites this paper as Al-Suwaidi et al., 2006

  • A 200-300-km calving ice margin would have been a significant obstacle for the first humans to navigate by water.

    “A 200-300-km calving ice margin would have been a significant obstacle for the first humans to navigate by water (Al-Suwaidi et al., 2006;Dixon, 2013;Goebel et al., 2008;Mann & Peteet, 1994).”

    From Retreat of the Western Cordilleran Ice Sheet Margin During the Last Deglaciation (2018) · cites this paper as Al-Suwaidi et al., 2006

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Metadata

Authors
Al‐Suwaidi, M., Ward, B. C., Wilson, M. C., Hebda, R. J., Nagorsen, D. W., Marshall, D., Ghaleb, B., Wigen, R. J., & Enkin, R. J.
Venue
Geoarchaeology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2006-03-03
Volume
21
Issue
4
Pages
307-332
ISSN
  • 0883-6353
  • 1520-6548
DOI
10.1002/gea.20106
Cited by
40
References
0
Language
en
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)

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