Community validation of the IDEA study cognitive screen in rural Tanzania: Community validation of the IDEA cognitive screen
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES: The dementia diagnosis gap in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is large, partly because of difficulties in screening for cognitive impairment in the community. As part of the Identification and Intervention for Dementia in Elderly Africans (IDEA) study, we aimed to validate the IDEA cognitive screen in a community-based sample in rural Tanzania METHODS: Study participants were recruited from people who attended screening days held in villages within the rural Hai district of Tanzania. Criterion validity was assessed against the gold standard clinical dementia diagnosis using DSM-IV criteria. Construct validity was assessed against, age, education, sex and grip strength and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). Internal consistency and floor and ceiling effects were also examined. RESULTS: During community screening, the IDEA cognitive screen had high criterion validity, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.855 (95% CI 0.794 to 0.915). Higher scores on the screen were significantly correlated with lower age, male sex, having attended school, better grip strength and improved performance in activities of daily living. Factor analysis revealed a single factor with an eigenvalue greater than one, although internal consistency was only moderate (Cronbach's alpha = 0.534). CONCLUSIONS: The IDEA cognitive screen had high criterion and construct validity and is suitable for use as a cognitive screening instrument in a community setting in SSA. Only moderate internal consistency may partly reflect the multi-domain nature of dementia as diagnosed clinically. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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The IDEA cognitive screen and IDEA-IADL questionnaire are previously validated culturally appropriate low-literacy dementia screening tools for use in sub-Saharan Africa.
“Our team have previously-validated culturally appropriate low-literacy paper and pencil dementia screening tools for use in SSA, including the IDEA cognitive screen17-19 and IDEA-instrumental activities of daily living (IDEA-IADL) questionnaire for identification of functional impairment.20,21”
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- Authors
- Gray, W. K., Paddick, S. M., Collingwood, C., Kisoli, A., Mbowe, G., Mkenda, S., Lissu, C., Rogathi, J., Kissima, J., Walker, R. W., Mushi, D., Chaote, P., Ogunniyi, A., & Dotchin, C. L.
- Affiliations
- North Tyneside General Hospital (GB)
- Newcastle University (GB)
- Hai District Medical Office; Boma'ngombe, Kilimanjaro; Tanzania
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (TZ)
- University College Hospital, Ibadan (NG)
- Corresponding author
- Gray, William K.
- ORCID
- Venue
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2016-02-02
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1199-1207
- ISSN
- 0885-6230 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2253855097
- Cited by
- 31
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3
- FWCI
- 2.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Locations
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity)
- Funders
- by Grand Challenges Canada (0086-04)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Historical and Modern Theater Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
- Keywords
- dementia screening, cognitive impairment, sub-Saharan Africa, rural Tanzania, criterion validity, construct validity, internal consistency, grip strength, instrumental activities of daily living, community-based screening, older adults
- MeSH terms
- Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cognition Disorders, Dementia, Female, Humans, Male, Mass Screening, ROC Curve, Rural Population, Tanzania, Reproducibility of Results, Rural Health Services, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
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