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Elevated body mass index as a causal risk factor for symptomatic gallstone disease: A Mendelian randomization study
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Increased BMI is causally linked to the risk of symptomatic gallstones.
“an increased BMI has been demonstrated to be causally linked to the risk of symptomatic stones, as illustrated in a mendelian randomization study in 77,679 individuals [8].”
From Excess Body Weight and Gallstone Disease (2021) · cites this paper as [8]
The Discussion reports a Mendelian randomization study of 77,679 individuals and finds genetically elevated BMI associated with increased risk of symptomatic gallstone disease. It concludes that elevated BMI is likely a causal risk factor, but the citing sentence’s “has been demonstrated” is more definitive than the paper’s qualified conclusion. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn a mendelian randomization study of 77,679 individuals, symptomatic gallstones occurred in 5.2% (4,106 individuals) over up to 34 years of follow-up, with findings more distinct in women.
“This report showed symptomatic gallstones in 5.2% (4,106 individuals) of cases in up to 34 years of follow-up, with the findings being more distinct in women.”
From Excess Body Weight and Gallstone Disease (2021) · cites this paper as [8]
Patients and Methods gives 67,314 plus 10,365 participants (77,679 total), and Table 1 reports 4,106 with symptomatic gallstone disease. The Results report follow-up ranging up to 34.4 years and a stronger BMI association in women. However, Table 1 and the Discussion give the proportion as 5.3%, not 5.2%. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredObesity is a risk factor for the development of gallstone disease.
“Obesity by itself is a factor in the development of gallstone disease”
From Prevention of Gallstones After Bariatric Surgery using Ursodeoxycholic Acid: A Narrative Review of Literatures (2022) · cites this paper as [18]
The Discussion (page not available) concludes that elevated BMI per se is likely a causal risk factor for symptomatic gallstone disease, supporting the point that obesity itself may contribute to risk. The citing sentence states this without the paper’s uncertainty and does not distinguish symptomatic disease from gallstone disease generally. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIncreased body weight is an established risk factor for gallstone formation.
“Increased body weight is an established risk factor for gallstone formation”
From Excess Body Weight and Gallstone Disease (2021) · cites this paper as [8]
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Citations
Cites
Genetically elevated C-reactive protein and ischemic vascular disease
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Research works printed but not linked: 31
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Mendelian randomization: genetic anchors for causal inference in epidemiological studies
Davey Smith, G., & Hemani, G. (2014) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddu328 · Cited by 4,677
Mendelian randomization studies: a review of the approaches used and the quality of reporting
Boef, A. G. C., Dekkers, O. M., & le Cessie, S. (2015) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyv071 · Cited by 610
Benn, M., Nordestgaard, B. G., Frikke-Schmidt, R., & Tybjærg-Hansen, A. (2017) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.j1648 · Cited by 178
Excess Body Weight and Gallstone Disease
Stokes, C. S., & Lammert, F. (2021) · Visceral Medicine · doi:10.1159/000516418 · Cited by 58
Son, S.-Y., Song, J. H., Shin, H.-J., Hur, H., & Han, S.-U. (2022) · Journal of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery · doi:10.17476/jmbs.2022.11.2.30 · Cited by 23
Metadata
- Authors
- Stender, S., Nordestgaard, B. G., & Tybjaerg-Hansen, A.
- Venue
- Hepatology
- Published
- 2013-10-11
- Volume
- 58
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 2133-2141
- ISSN
- 0270-9139
- Cited by
- 153
- References
- 1
- Language
- en
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