Interaction revisited: the difference between two estimates.
Open accessAbstract
Spontaneous basal rectal activity, recorded after resection of the sigmoid colon for diverticular disease, was more than twice the normal. The rectum of post-resection cases yielded a markedly exaggerated overall response to prostigmine, in addition to producing abundant fast wave patterns. The response to stretch of the apparently normal colonic muscle remaining after resection of the sigmoid for diverticular disease resembled unresected diverticular segments, though less in degree, suggesting that a fundamental disorder of colonic muscle may be involved in the aetiology of colonic diverticula.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Hormone Replacement Therapy and Prevention of Nonvertebral Fractures
Torgerson, D. J., & Bell-Syer, S. E. (2001) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.285.22.2891 · Cited by 521 · see citing works
Statistics Notes: Interaction 2: compare effect sizes not P values
Matthews, J. N. S., & Altman, D. G. (1996) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.313.7060.808 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Self-citationStatistics Notes: Interaction 1: heterogeneity of effects
Altman, D. G., & Matthews, J. N. S. (1996) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.313.7055.486 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Self-citationStatistics notes: Interaction 3: How to examine heterogeneity: Table 1
Matthews, J. N. S., & Altman, D. G. (1996) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.313.7061.862 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Self-citationBland, J. M., & Altman, D. G. (1996) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.312.7032.700 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Self-citationInterpreting statistics with confidence
Bland, J. M., & Peacock, J. L. (2002) · The Obstetrician & Gynaecologist · doi:10.1576/toag.2002.4.3.176 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Altman DG, Matthews JNS.Interaction 1: Heterogeneity of effects.BMJ 1996;313:486.
- Matthews JNS, Altman DG.Interaction 3: How to examine heterogeneity.BMJ 1996;313:862.
- Bland JM, Altman DG.Logarithms.BMJ 1996;312:700.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Reading Mendelian randomisation studies: a guide, glossary, and checklist for clinicians
Davies, N. M., Holmes, M. V., & Davey Smith, G. (2018) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.k601 · Cited by 4,404 · see citing works
Bjelakovic, G., Nikolova, D., Gluud, L. L., Simonetti, R. G., & Gluud, C. (2007) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.297.8.842 · Cited by 2,275 · see citing works
Metabolic Syndrome and Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Events and Death
Gami, A. S., Witt, B. J., Howard, D. E., Erwin, P. J., Gami, L. A., Somers, V. K., & Montori, V. M. (2007) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2006.09.032 · Cited by 1,888 · see citing works
Tang, B. M., Eslick, G. D., Nowson, C., Smith, C., & Bensoussan, A. (2007) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(07)61342-7 · Cited by 1,248 · see citing works
Artesunate versus quinine for treatment of severe falciparum malaria: a randomised trial.
(2005) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(05)67176-0 · Cited by 1,050 · see citing works
Sexual abuse and lifetime diagnosis of psychiatric disorders: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Chen, L. P., Murad, M. H., Paras, M. L., Colbenson, K. M., Sattler, A. L., Goranson, E. N., Elamin, M. B., Seime, R. J., Shinozaki, G., Prokop, L. J., et al. (2010) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.4065/mcp.2009.0583 · Cited by 1,056 · see citing works
Bjelakovic, G., Nikolova, D., Gluud, L. L., Simonetti, R. G., & Gluud, C. (2012) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd007176.pub2 · Cited by 924 · see citing works
Coffee consumption and health: umbrella review of meta-analyses of multiple health outcomes
Poole, R., Kennedy, O. J., Roderick, P., Fallowfield, J. A., Hayes, P. C., & Parkes, J. (2017) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.j5024 · Cited by 835 · see citing works
Carter, P., Gray, L. J., Troughton, J., Khunti, K., & Davies, M. J. (2010) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.c4229 · Cited by 728 · see citing works
Sleep and use of electronic devices in adolescence: results from a large population-based study
Hysing, M., Pallesen, S., Stormark, K. M., Jakobsen, R., Lundervold, A. J., & Sivertsen, B. (2015) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006748 · Cited by 678 · see citing works
Cortisol and post-traumatic stress disorder in adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Meewisse, M.-L., Reitsma, J. B., De Vries, G.-J., Gersons, B. P. R., & Olff, M. (2007) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.106.024877 · Cited by 661 · see citing works
Salpeter, S. R., Walsh, J. M. E., Ormiston, T. M., Greyber, E., Buckley, N. S., & Salpeter, E. E. (2006) · Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/j.1463-1326.2005.00545.x · Cited by 640 · see citing works
White rice consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes: meta-analysis and systematic review
Hu, E. A., Pan, A., Malik, V., & Sun, Q. (2012) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.e1454 · Cited by 631 · see citing works
Schiattarella, G. G., Sannino, A., Toscano, E., Giugliano, G., Gargiulo, G., Franzone, A., Trimarco, B., Esposito, G., & Perrino, C. (2017) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehx342 · Cited by 563 · see citing works
Anglemyer, A., Horvath, H. T., & Bero, L. (2014) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.mr000034.pub2 · Cited by 534 · see citing works
Shift work and diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of observational studies
Gan, Y., Yang, C., Tong, X., Sun, H., Cong, Y., Yin, X., Li, L., Cao, S., Dong, X., Gong, Y., et al. (2015) · Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1136/oemed-2014-102150 · Cited by 526 · see citing works
Jørgensen, A. B., Frikke-Schmidt, R., West, A. S., Grande, P., Nordestgaard, B. G., & Tybjærg-Hansen, A. (2013) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehs431 · Cited by 501 · see citing works
Sexual Abuse and Lifetime Diagnosis of Somatic Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Paras, M. L., Murad, M. H., Chen, L. P., Goranson, E. N., Sattler, A. L., Colbenson, K. M., Elamin, M. B., Seime, R. J., Prokop, L. J., & Zirakzadeh, A. (2009) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2009.1091 · Cited by 490 · see citing works
Hughes, D., Judge, C., Murphy, R., Loughlin, E., Costello, M., Whiteley, W., Bosch, J., O’Donnell, M. J., & Canavan, M. (2020) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2020.4249 · Cited by 472 · see citing works
Holmes, M. V., Perel, P., Shah, T., Hingorani, A. D., & Casas, J. P. (2011) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2011.1880 · Cited by 472 · see citing works
Morris, M. C., Compas, B. E., & Garber, J. (2012) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2012.02.002 · Cited by 466 · see citing works
Murad, M. H., Montori, V. M., Ioannidis, J. P. A., Jaeschke, R., Devereaux, P. J., Prasad, K., Neumann, I., Carrasco-Labra, A., Agoritsas, T., Hatala, R., et al. (2014) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2014.5559 · Cited by 454 · see citing works
Bangalore, S., Kumar, S., Lobach, I., & Messerli, F. H. (2011) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.110.016337 · Cited by 437 · see citing works
Serum and plasma BDNF levels in major depression: A replication study and meta-analyses
Bocchio-Chiavetto, L., Bagnardi, V., Zanardini, R., Molteni, R., Gabriela Nielsen, M., Placentino, A., Giovannini, C., Rillosi, L., Ventriglia, M., Riva, M. A., et al. (2010) · The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/15622971003611319 · Cited by 435 · see citing works
Brumpton, B., Sanderson, E., Heilbron, K., Hartwig, F. P., Harrison, S., Vie, G. Å., Cho, Y., Howe, L. D., Hughes, A., Boomsma, D. I., et al. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-17117-4 · Cited by 402 · see citing works
Meta-analysis on shift work and risks of specific obesity types
Sun, M., Feng, W., Wang, F., Li, P., Li, Z., Li, M., Tse, G., Vlaanderen, J., Vermeulen, R., & Tse, L. A. (2018) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.12621 · Cited by 391 · see citing works
Within-sibship genome-wide association analyses decrease bias in estimates of direct genetic effects
Howe, L. J., Nivard, M. G., Morris, T. T., Hansen, A. F., Rasheed, H., Cho, Y., Chittoor, G., Ahlskog, R., Lind, P. A., Palviainen, T., et al. (2022) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41588-022-01062-7 · Cited by 377 · see citing works
Johnston, B. C., Ma, S. S. Y., Goldenberg, J. Z., Thorlund, K., Vandvik, P. O., Loeb, M., & Guyatt, G. H. (2012) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-157-12-201212180-00563 · Cited by 367 · see citing works
Multiplicity in randomised trials II: subgroup and interim analyses
Schulz, K. F., & Grimes, D. A. (2005) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(05)66516-6 · Cited by 357 · see citing works
Outpatient gatifloxacin therapy and dysglycemia in older adults.
Park-Wyllie, L. Y., Juurlink, D. N., Kopp, A., Shah, B. R., Stukel, T. A., Stumpo, C., Dresser, L., Low, D. E., & Mamdani, M. M. (2006) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa055191 · Cited by 367 · see citing works
Depression and risk of mortality in individuals with diabetes: a meta-analysis and systematic review
Park, M., Katon, W. J., & Wolf, F. M. (2013) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2013.01.006 · Cited by 355 · see citing works
Knorr, U., Vinberg, M., Kessing, L. V., & Wetterslev, J. (2010) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2010.04.001 · Cited by 317 · see citing works
Di Sciascio, G., Patti, G., Pasceri, V., Gaspardone, A., Colonna, G., & Montinaro, A. (2009) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2009.05.028 · Cited by 315 · see citing works
Clinical Outcomes with β-Blockers for Myocardial Infarction: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Trials
Bangalore, S., Makani, H., Radford, M., Thakur, K., Toklu, B., Katz, S. D., DiNicolantonio, J. J., Devereaux, P. J., Alexander, K. P., Wetterslev, J., et al. (2014) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2014.05.032 · Cited by 315 · see citing works
Kypri, K., Saunders, J. B., Williams, S. M., McGee, R. O., Langley, J. D., Cashell‐Smith, M. L., & Gallagher, S. J. (2004) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00847.x · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Extreme lipoprotein(a) levels and improved cardiovascular risk prediction
Kamstrup, P. R., Tybjærg-Hansen, A., & Nordestgaard, B. G. (2013) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2012.12.023 · Cited by 284 · see citing works
Tracz, M. J., Sideras, K., Boloña, E. R., Haddad, R. M., Kennedy, C. C., Uraga, M. V., Caples, S. M., Erwin, P. J., & Montori, V. M. (2006) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2006-0036 · Cited by 275 · see citing works
Roush, G. C., Fagard, R. H., Salles, G. F., Pierdomenico, S. D., Reboldi, G., Verdecchia, P., Eguchi, K., Kario, K., Hoshide, S., Polonia, J., et al. (2014) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/hjh.0000000000000355 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
Cognitive behavioural therapies for fibromyalgia
Bernardy, K., Klose, P., Busch, A. J., Choy, E. H., & Häuser, W. (2013) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd009796.pub2 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
Mass drug administration for scabies control in a population with endemic disease.
Romani, L., Whitfeld, M. J., Koroivueta, J., Kama, M., Wand, H., Tikoduadua, L., Tuicakau, M., Koroi, A., Andrews, R., Kaldor, J. M., et al. (2015) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1500987 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Knight, S. R., & Morris, P. J. (2010) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/tp.0b013e3181c518cc · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Udell, J. A., Cavender, M. A., Bhatt, D. L., Chatterjee, S., Farkouh, M. E., & Scirica, B. M. (2015) · The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(15)00044-3 · Cited by 254 · see citing works
Gender differences in suicide methods
Callanan, V. J., & Davis, M. S. (2012) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-011-0393-5 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Ribosome profiling reveals post-transcriptional buffering of divergent gene expression in yeast
McManus, C. J., May, G. E., Spealman, P., & Shteyman, A. (2014) · Genome Research · doi:10.1101/gr.164996.113 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Meta-analysis: metformin treatment in persons at risk for diabetes mellitus
Salpeter, S. R., Buckley, N. S., Kahn, J. A., & Salpeter, E. E. (2008) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2007.09.016 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Makani, H., Bangalore, S., Desouza, K. A., Shah, A., & Messerli, F. H. (2013) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.f360 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Ho, K. M., & Tan, J. A. (2009) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.108.848218 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Häuser, W., Kosseva, M., Üceyler, N., Klose, P., & Sommer, C. (2011) · Arthritis Care & Research · doi:10.1002/acr.20328 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Tian, Y., Liu, H., Zhao, Z., Xiang, X., Li, M., Juan, J., Song, J., Cao, Y., Wang, X., Chen, L., et al. (2018) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1002668 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Accuracy of Diagnostic Tests for Cushing’s Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Metaanalyses
Elamin, M. B., Murad, M. H., Mullan, R., Erickson, D., Harris, K., Nadeem, S., Ennis, R., Erwin, P. J., & Montori, V. M. (2008) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2008-0139 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Hämmerli, K., Znoj, H., & Barth, J. (2009) · Human Reproduction Update · doi:10.1093/humupd/dmp002 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Davies, N. M., Kehoe, P. G., Ben-Shlomo, Y., & Martin, R. M. (2011) · Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-2011-110347 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Pettersson, E., Lichtenstein, P., Larsson, H., Song, J., Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Working Group of the iPSYCH-Broad-PGC Consortium, A. S. D. W. G. O. T. I.-B.-P. C., Agrawal, A., Børglum, A. D., Bulik, C. M., Daly, M. J., Davis, L. K., et al. (2019) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291718002039 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
“of the null hypothesis that the difference d is zero, by comparing the value of Z to the standard normal distribution(Altman and Bland, 2003).”
Explaining sex differences in chronic musculoskeletal pain in a general population
Wijnhoven, H. A. H., de Vet, H. C. W., & Picavet, S. J. H. (2006) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2006.04.012 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
McCabe, S. E., Cranford, J. A., & West, B. T. (2008) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2008.06.005 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Hemoglobin Variants and Disease Manifestations in Severe Falciparum Malaria
May, J., Evans, J. A., Timmann, C., Ehmen, C., Busch, W., Thye, T., Agbenyega, T., & Horstmann, R. D. (2007) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.297.20.2220 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
The diabetic pregnancy and offspring BMI in childhood: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Philipps, L. H., Santhakumaran, S., Gale, C., Prior, E., Logan, K. M., Hyde, M. J., & Modi, N. (2011) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-011-2180-y · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Boloña, E. R., Uraga, M. V., Haddad, R. M., Tracz, M. J., Sideras, K., Kennedy, C. C., Caples, S. M., Erwin, P. J., & Montori, V. M. (2007) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.1016/s0025-6196(11)60963-4 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Lifestyle Modification Programs in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Domecq, J. P., Prutsky, G., Mullan, R. J., Hazem, A., Sundaresh, V., Elamin, M. B., Phung, O. J., Wang, A., Hoeger, K., Pasquali, R., et al. (2013) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2013-2385 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Hind, D., Cotter, J., Thake, A., Bradburn, M., Cooper, C., Isaac, C., & House, A. (2014) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-14-5 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Adult Height in Patients with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: A Systematic Review and Metaanalysis
Muthusamy, K., Elamin, M. B., Smushkin, G., Murad, M. H., Lampropulos, J. F., Elamin, K. B., Abu Elnour, N. O., Gallegos-Orozco, J. F., Fatourechi, M. M., Agrwal, N., et al. (2010) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2009-2616 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Xie, C., Zhu, R., Tian, Y., & Wang, K. (2017) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013983 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Tiono, A. B., Ouédraogo, A., Ouattara, D., Bougouma, E. C., Coulibaly, S., Diarra, A., Faragher, B., Guelbeogo, M. W., Grisales, N., Ouédraogo, I. N., et al. (2018) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(18)31711-2 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Makani, H., Messerli, F. H., Romero, J., Wever-Pinzon, O., Korniyenko, A., Berrios, R. S., & Bangalore, S. (2012) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.03.034 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Kypri, K. (2009) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2009.249 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Lv, T., Chen, S., Li, M., Zhang, D., Kong, Y., & Jia, J. (2021) · Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1111/jgh.15329 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Garza, C. A., Montori, V. M., McConnell, J. P., Somers, V. K., Kullo, I. J., & Lopez-Jimenez, F. (2007) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.1016/s0025-6196(11)60992-0 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Levothyroxine dose and risk of fractures in older adults: nested case-control study
Turner, M. R., Camacho, X., Fischer, H. D., Austin, P. C., Anderson, G. M., Rochon, P. A., & Lipscombe, L. L. (2011) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.d2238 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Wallach, J. D., Sullivan, P. G., Trepanowski, J. F., Sainani, K. L., Steyerberg, E. W., & Ioannidis, J. P. A. (2017) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.9125 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Serrano, L. A., Hess, E. P., Bellolio, M. F., Murad, M. H., Montori, V. M., Erwin, P. J., & Decker, W. W. (2010) · Annals of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2010.05.013 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Turner (2004) · doi:10.1002/(issn)1099-0968 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Cosma, M., Swiglo, B. A., Flynn, D. N., Kurtz, D. M., LaBella, M. L., Mullan, R. J., Elamin, M. B., Erwin, P. J., & Montori, V. M. (2008) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2007-2429 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Beldhuis, I. E., Streng, K. W., Ter Maaten, J. M., Voors, A. A., van der Meer, P., Rossignol, P., McMurray, J. J. V., & Damman, K. (2017) · Circulation: Heart Failure · doi:10.1161/circheartfailure.116.003588 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Treatment of acute iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis
Casey, E. T., Murad, M. H., Zumaeta-Garcia, M., Elamin, M. B., Shi, Q., Erwin, P. J., Montori, V. M., Gloviczki, P., & Meissner, M. (2012) · Journal of Vascular Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2011.12.082 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Reda, S. M., Krois, J., Reda, S. F., Thomson, W. M., & Schwendicke, F. (2018) · Journal of Dentistry · doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2018.04.010 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Genetic association with response to intravitreal ranibizumab in patients with neovascular AMD
Kloeckener-Gruissem, B., Barthelmes, D., Labs, S., Schindler, C., Kurz-Levin, M., Michels, S., Fleischhauer, J., Berger, W., Sutter, F., & Menghini, M. (2011) · Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science · doi:10.1167/iovs.10-6080 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Domecq, J. P., Prutsky, G., Mullan, R. J., Sundaresh, V., Wang, A. T., Erwin, P. J., Welt, C., Ehrmann, D., Montori, V. M., & Murad, M. H. (2013) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2013-2374 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Grunfeld, C., Rimland, D., Gibert, C. L., Powderly, W. G., Sidney, S., Shlipak, M. G., Bacchetti, P., Scherzer, R., Haffner, S. M., & Heymsfield, S. B. (2007) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/qai.0b013e31814b94e2 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Zhou, M., Liu, J., Hao, Y., Liu, J., Huo, Y., Smith, S. C., Ge, J., Ma, C., Han, Y., Fonarow, G. C., et al. (2018) · Cardiovascular Diabetology · doi:10.1186/s12933-018-0793-x · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Soon, Y. Y., Leong, C. N., Koh, W. Y., & Tham, I. W. K. (2015) · Radiotherapy and Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.radonc.2014.12.011 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Morbidity and mortality in patients with craniopharyngioma after surgery
Crowley, R. K., Hamnvik, O. P., O’Sullivan, E. P., Behan, L. A., Smith, D., Agha, A., & Thompson, C. J. (2010) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2010.03838.x · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Busse, J. W., Montori, V. M., Krasnik, C., Patelis-Siotis, I., & Guyatt, G. H. (2009) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000162296 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Xu, H., Luo, J., Huang, J., & Wen, Q. (2018) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000010686 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Why we need confidence intervals
Altman, D. G. (2005) · World Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1007/s00268-005-7911-0 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Self-citationPage, M. J., Altman, D. G., McKenzie, J. E., Shamseer, L., Ahmadzai, N., Wolfe, D., Yazdi, F., Catalá-López, F., Tricco, A. C., & Moher, D. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2017.11.022 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Self-citationCardioprotective Glucose-Lowering Agents and Dementia Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Seminer, A., Mulihano, A., O’Brien, C., Krewer, F., Costello, M., Judge, C., O’Donnell, M., & Reddin, C. (2025) · JAMA Neurology · doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2025.0360 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
O'Connell, S. M., Cooper, M. N., Bulsara, M. K., Davis, E. A., & Jones, T. W. (2011) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc11-0748 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Wadsworth, T., & Pendergast, P. M. (2014) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.1177/0022146514533347 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Lemmens, R., Buysschaert, I., Geelen, V., Fernandez-Cadenas, I., Montaner, J., Schmidt, H., Schmidt, R., Attia, J., Maguire, J., Levi, C., et al. (2010) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.110.587980 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Björnsdottir, S., Sundström, A., Ludvigsson, J. F., Blomqvist, P., Kämpe, O., & Bensing, S. (2013) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2012-3561 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Ahmed, A. H., Giri, J., Kashyap, R., Singh, B., Dong, Y., Kilickaya, O., Erwin, P. J., Murad, M. H., & Pickering, B. W. (2015) · American Journal of Medical Quality · doi:10.1177/1062860613514770 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Maintenance Therapy With Continuous or Switch Strategy in Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Zhang, X., Zang, J., Xu, J., Bai, C., Qin, Y., Liu, K., Wu, C., Wu, M., He, Q., Zhang, S., et al. (2011) · Chest · doi:10.1378/chest.10-2745 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Madsen, K. S., Chi, Y., Metzendorf, M.-I., Richter, B., & Hemmingsen, B. (2019) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd008558.pub2 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Jakobsen, J. C., Hansen, J. L., Simonsen, S., Simonsen, E., & Gluud, C. (2012) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291711002236 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Skilton, M. R., Sérusclat, A., Begg, L. M., Moulin, P., & Bonnet, F. (2009) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.108.535807 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Toews, I., Anglemyer, A., Nyirenda, J. L., Alsaid, D., Balduzzi, S., Grummich, K., Schwingshackl, L., & Bero, L. (2024) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.mr000034.pub3 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Carlé, A., Bülow Pedersen, I., Knudsen, N., Perrild, H., Ovesen, L., & Laurberg, P. (2015) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/cen.12787 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Fang, H.-J., Zhou, Y.-H., Tian, Y.-J., Du, H.-Y., Sun, Y.-X., & Zhong, L.-Y. (2016) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.04.163 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Cheslack Postava, K., & Winter, A. S. (2015) · Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health · doi:10.1363/47e2615 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Wang, Q., Jiang, X., Shen, Y., Yao, P., Chen, J., Zhou, Y., Gu, Y., Qian, Z., & Cao, X. (2020) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-020-01721-6 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
- Authors
- Altman, D. G., & Bland, J. M.
- Affiliations
- Cancer Research UK (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Altman, Douglas G
- ORCID
- Altman, Douglas G
- Venue
- BMJ
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2003-01-25
- Volume
- 326
- Issue
- 7382
- Pages
- 219
- ISSN
- 0007-1447 (ISSN-L)
- 0959-8138
- 1468-5833
- PMC
- PMC1125071
- OpenAlex
- W1600041372
- Cited by
- 3,203
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 197 · 2025: 221 · 2024: 249 · 2023: 211 · 2022: 212 · 2021: 231 · 2020: 184 · 2019: 151 · 2018: 134 · 2017: 136 · 2016: 128 · 2015: 131 · 2014: 147 · 2013: 131 · 2012: 115
- FWCI
- 35.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.bmj.com/company/legal-information/terms-conditions/legal-information/tdm-licencepolicy (tdm)
- Locations
- BMJ (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Diverticular Disease and Complications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Congenital gastrointestinal and neural anomalies
- Keywords
- sigmoidectomy, diverticular disease, colonic motility
- MeSH terms
- Analysis of Variance, Statistics as Topic, Confidence Intervals
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
