Cited by 325Gut microbiota and healthLiver Disease and TransplantationOral microbiology and periodontitis research

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 43 of the 43 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Salivary microbiota reflects changes in gut microbiota in cirrhosis with hepatic encephalopathy

Open access

Bajaj, Jasmohan S., Betrapally, Naga S., Hylemon, Phillip B., Heuman, Douglas M., Daita, Kalyani, White, Melanie B., Unser, Ariel, Thacker, Leroy R., Sanyal, Arun J., Kang, Dae Joong, Sikaroodi, Masoumeh, Gillevet, Patrick M·2015·Hepatology

DOI 10.1002/hep.27819PMC PMC4587995

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Altered gut microbiome is associated with systemic inflammation and cirrhosis decompensation. However, the correlation of the oral microbiome with inflammation in cirrhosis is unclear. Our aim was to evaluate the oral microbiome in cirrhosis and compare with stool microbiome. Outpatients with cirrhosis (with/without hepatic encephalopathy [HE]) and controls underwent stool/saliva microbiome analysis (for composition and function) and also systemic inflammatory evaluation. Ninety‐day liver‐related hospitalizations were recorded. Salivary inflammation was studied using T helper 1 cytokines/secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), histatins and lysozyme in a subsequent group. A total of 102 patients with cirrhosis (43 previous HE) and 32 age‐matched controls were included. On principal component analysis (PCA), stool and saliva microbiome clustered far apart, showing differences between sites as a whole. In salivary microbiome, with previous HE, relative abundance of autochthonous families decreased whereas potentially pathogenic ones (Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcaceae) increased in saliva. Endotoxin‐related predicted functions were significantly higher in cirrhotic saliva. In stool microbiome, relative autochthonous taxa abundance reduced in previous HE, along with increased Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcaceae. Cirrhotic stool microbiota demonstrated a significantly higher correlation with systemic inflammation, compared to saliva microbiota, on correlation networks. Thirty‐eight patients were hospitalized within 90 days. Their salivary dysbiosis was significantly worse and predicted this outcome independent of cirrhosis severity. Salivary inflammation was studied in an additional 86 age‐matched subjects (43 controls/43 patients with cirrhosis); significantly higher interleukin (IL)−6/IL‐1β, secretory IgA, and lower lysozyme, and histatins 1 and 5 were found in patients with cirrhosis, compared to controls. Conclusions: Dysbiosis, represented by reduction in autochthonous bacteria, is present in both saliva and stool in patients with cirrhosis, compared to controls. Patients with cirrhosis have impaired salivary defenses and worse inflammation. Salivary dysbiosis was greater in patients with cirrhosis who developed 90‐day hospitalizations. These findings could represent a global mucosal‐immune interface change in cirrhosis. (H epatology 2015;62:1260‐1271)

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1002/hep.27819

Cites

43 of 43 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cytoscape: A software Environment for integrated models of biomolecular interaction networks
Shannon, P., Markiel, A., Ozier, O., Baliga, N. S., Wang, J. T., Ramage, D., Amin, N., Schwikowski, B., & Ideker, T. (2003) · Genome Research · doi:10.1101/gr.1239303 · Cited by 51,888
Metagenomic biomarker discovery and explanation
Segata, N., Izard, J., Waldron, L., Gevers, D., Miropolsky, L., Garrett, W. S., & Huttenhower, C. (2011) · Genome Biology · doi:10.1186/gb-2011-12-6-r60 · Cited by 16,192
Structure, function and diversity of the healthy human microbiome
The Human Microbiome Project Consortium (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11234 · Cited by 11,726
Predictive functional profiling of microbial communities using 16S rRNA marker gene sequences
Langille, M. G. I., Zaneveld, J., Caporaso, J. G., McDonald, D., Knights, D., Reyes, J. A., Clemente, J. C., Burkepile, D. E., Vega Thurber, R. L., Knight, R., et al. (2013) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt.2676 · Cited by 9,116
Enterotypes of the human gut microbiome
MetaHIT Consortium (additional members), Arumugam, M., Raes, J., Pelletier, E., Le Paslier, D., Yamada, T., Mende, D. R., Fernandes, G. R., Tap, J., Bruls, T., et al. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09944 · Cited by 7,548
Changes of Intestinal Functions in Liver Cirrhosis
Fukui, H., & Wiest, R. (2016) · Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases · doi:10.1159/000444436 · Cited by 6,820
Alterations of the human gut microbiome in liver cirrhosis
Qin, N., Yang, F., Li, A., Prifti, E., Chen, Y., Shao, L., Guo, J., Le Chatelier, E., Yao, J., Wu, L., et al. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature13568 · Cited by 2,177
Statistical Methods for Detecting Differentially Abundant Features in Clinical Metagenomic Samples
White, J. R., Nagarajan, N., & Pop, M. (2009) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000352 · Cited by 1,599
Interaction between Phenolics and Gut Microbiota: Role in Human Health
Selma, M. V., Espín, J. C., & Tomás-Barberán, F. A. (2009) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf902107d · Cited by 1,324
Secretory IgA's complex roles in immunity and mucosal homeostasis in the gut
Mantis, N. J., Rol, N., & Corthésy, B. (2011) · Mucosal Immunology · doi:10.1038/mi.2011.41 · Cited by 1,283

Show all 43 references

Sorted by citations

Items 201–300 of 324

Microbiota of Saliva: A Non-invasive Diagnostic Tool
Shinde, D. B., Mahore, J., Giram, P. S., Singh, S. L., Sharda, A., Choyan, D., & Musale, S. (2024) · Indian Journal of Microbiology · doi:10.1007/s12088-024-01219-4 · Cited by 9
The oral microbiome of treated and untreated chronic HCV infection: A preliminary study
Gamal‐AbdelNaser, A., Mohammed, W. S., ElHefnawi, M., AbdAllah, M., Elsharkawy, A. M., & Zahran, F. M. (2021) · Oral Diseases · doi:10.1111/odi.14007 · Cited by 9
Gut Microbiota and Cytokine Profile in Cirrhosis
Efremova, I., Maslennikov, R. V., Kudryavtseva, A. V., Avdeeva, A. S., Krasnov, G. S., Diatroptov, M. E., Bakhitov, V., Aliev, S., Sedova, N. A., Fedorova, M., et al. (2024) · Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology · doi:10.14218/jcth.2024.00090 · Cited by 9
Cost‐effectiveness of integrating gut microbiota analysis into hospitalisation prediction in cirrhosis
Bajaj, J. S., Acharya, C., Sikaroodi, M., Gillevet, P. M., & Thacker, L. R. (2020) · GastroHep · doi:10.1002/ygh2.390 · Cited by 9
Self-citation
Cirrhosis and dysbiosis: New insights from next‐generation sequencing
Gorham, J. D., & Gleeson, M. (2015) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.28133 · Cited by 9
Infection Transmission by Saliva and the Paradoxical Protective Role of Saliva
Posse, J. L., Dios, P. D., & Scully, C. (2017) · Saliva Protection and Transmissible Diseases · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813681-2.00001-9 · Cited by 7
G2S: A New Deep Learning Tool for Predicting Stool Microbiome Structure From Oral Microbiome Data
Rampelli, S., Fabbrini, M., Candela, M., Biagi, E., Brigidi, P., & Turroni, S. (2021) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2021.644516 · Cited by 10
Microbial crosstalk along the oral–gut axis: organ-specific oncogenic adaptations of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum
Wu, S., Ye, X., Wang, J., Li, M., Fu, Y., & Wang, S. (2026) · Neoplasia · doi:10.1016/j.neo.2026.101290 · Cited by 11
Oral microbiota and biliary tract cancers: unveiling hidden mechanistic links
Zhang, Y., & Zhang, S. (2025) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2025.1585923 · Cited by 8
The effects of Qingchang Ligan formula on hepatic encephalopathy in mouse model: results from gut microbiome-metabolomics analysis
Yang, Z., Liu, S., Wei, F., & Hu, J. (2024) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2024.1381209 · Cited by 7
Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy: Silent Tragedy
Shiha, G. E.-S., & Mousa, N. (2019) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.88231 · Cited by 7
Urinary metabolic profiling by 1H NMR spectroscopy in patients with cirrhosis may discriminate overt but not covert hepatic encephalopathy
McPhail, M. J. W., Montagnese, S., Villanova, M., Hadi, H. E., Amodio, P., Crossey, M. M. E., Williams, R. L., Cox, I. J., & Taylor-Robinson, S. D. (2016) · Metabolic Brain Disease · doi:10.1007/s11011-016-9904-0 · Cited by 7
The intestinal microbiota and hepatocellular carcinoma
Effenberger, M., & Tilg, H. (2020) · memo - Magazine of European Medical Oncology · doi:10.1007/s12254-020-00597-x · Cited by 6
Oro‐hepatic link, endotoxemia, and systemic inflammation: The role of chronic periodontitis
Åberg, F. O., & Helenius‐Hietala, J. (2015) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.27953 · Cited by 7
The effects of rifaximin and lactulose on the gut-liver-brain axis in rats with minimal hepatic encephalopathy
Lin, X., Zhang, Z., Lin, Y., Lu, S., & Chen, R. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0325988 · Cited by 6
Deacetylasperulosidic Acid Methyl Ester Ameliorates Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Fibrosis by Suppressing Inflammation and Modulating Gut Microbiota
Chen, L., Chen, C., Chen, Q.-X., Jiang, T., Zheng, L.-L., Tang, R., & Wang, C. (2025) · Inflammation · doi:10.1007/s10753-025-02407-0 · Cited by 6
Consensus document on acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) established by the Mexican Association of Hepatology
Torre, A., Cisneros-Garza, L. E., Castillo-Barradas, M., Navarro–Álvarez, N., Sandoval-Salas, R., González-Huezo, M. S., Pérez-Hernández, J. L., Méndez-Guerrero, O., Ruiz-Manríquez, J. A., Trejo-Estrada, R., et al. (2023) · Annals of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.aohep.2023.101140 · Cited by 6
Microbial Approaches to Treat and Prevent Hepatic Encephalopathy
Lauridsen, M. M., Nielsen, E. J., & Bajaj, J. S. (2025) · Gastroenterology Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2024.12.006 · Cited by 6
Self-citation
Compositional distinction of gut microbiota between Han Chinese and Tibetan populations with liver cirrhosis
Huan, H., Ren, T., Xu, L., Hu, H., & Liu, C. (2021) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.12142 · Cited by 6
Oral microbiome characteristics in patients with pediatric solid tumor
Cui, X., Du, X., Cui, X., Fan, R., Pan, J., & Wang, Z. (2024) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1286522 · Cited by 6
Isolation of Enterococcus faecalis in the saliva samples of patient candidates for liver transplantation
Rezazadeh, F., Ghapanchi, J., Emami, A., Shakibasefat, H., & Pirbonyeh, N. (2019) · Dental Research Journal · doi:10.4103/1735-3327.266091 · Cited by 6
Lessons Learned from Faecal Microbiota Transplantation in Cirrhosis
Hatton, G. B., Ran, S., Tranah, T. H., & Shawcross, D. L. (2020) · Current Hepatology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11901-020-00520-2 · Cited by 6
Salivary bacterial community profile in normal‐weight and obese adolescent patients prior to orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances
Sharara, S., Cleaver, L. M., Saloom, H. F., Carpenter, G. H., & Cobourne, M. T. (2022) · Orthodontics and Craniofacial Research · doi:10.1111/ocr.12571 · Cited by 6
Interplay of Liver Disease and Gut Microbiota in the Development of Colorectal Neoplasia
Gleeson, M. W. (2019) · Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology · doi:10.1007/s11938-019-00241-6 · Cited by 6
Hedyotis diffusa Willd. extract alleviates CCl4-induced liver fibrosis via modulation of the gut microbiota and FXR/SHP/CYP7A1-mediated bile acid metabolism
Wang, C., 罗敏, Chen, Q., Zheng, L., Jiang, T., & Dai, M. (2026) · Journal of Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.jep.2026.121450 · Cited by 6
Gut microbiome composition in patients with liver cirrhosis with and without hepatic encephalopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Xu, X., Jiang, M., Fu, Y., Xie, F., Li, J., & Meng, Q. (2025) · World Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.4254/wjh.v17.i1.100377 · Cited by 5
Low-diversity microbiota and an increased metabolism of arginine and aromatic amino acids: a hallmark of hepatic encephalopathy in western Mexican patients with alcohol-associated cirrhosis
Baltazar-Díaz, T. A., Riggen-Bueno, V., Cortina-Romero, D. B., del Toro‐Arreola, S., Haramati, J., Bastidas‐Ramírez, B. E., & Bueno‐Topete, M. R. (2023) · Journal of Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1093/jambio/lxad113 · Cited by 5
Effect of Liver Fibrosis on Oral and Gut Microbiota in the Japanese General Population Determined by Evaluating the FibroScan–Aspartate Aminotransferase Score
Sato, S., Iino, C., Chinda, D., Sasada, T., Tateda, T., Kaizuka, M., Nomiya, H., Igarashi, G., Sawada, K., Mikami, T., et al. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms241713470 · Cited by 5
[Relationship between oral and gut microbes].
Xingqun, C., Xu, X., & Zhou, X. (2017) · PubMed Central · doi:10.7518/hxkq.2017.03.017 · Cited by 5
Identification of habit specific bacteria in human saliva through Next-Generation Sequencing
Yadav, S. K., Tripathi, V. S., & Saran, V. (2023) · Forensic Science International · doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2023.111871 · Cited by 6
Periodontitis is associated with increased liver fibrosis in a population‐based cohort of US adults
Moon, A. M., Mason, M. R., Galanko, J. A., Barritt, A. S., & Bajaj, J. S. (2021) · GastroHep · doi:10.1002/ygh2.452 · Cited by 4
Self-citation
Salivary microbiome and serum metabolomics add to clinical biomarkers to predict 6-month hospitalizations in a multicenter cirrhosis outpatient cohort
Bajaj, J. S., Reddy, K. R., Tandon, P., Lai, J. C., O’Leary, J. G., Wong, F. S.-H., García–Tsao, G., Vargas, H. E., Kamath, P. S., Biggins, S. W., et al. (2025) · Hepatology · doi:10.1097/hep.0000000000001462 · Cited by 4
Self-citation
[Oral Microbiome and Systemic Diseases].
Zhou, L.-J., Chen, B., Li, Y., & Duan, S. (2023) · 四川大学学报：医学版 · doi:10.12182/20230160504 · Cited by 4
Fecal microbiota transplantation in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy: A perspective
Samanta, A., & Sarma, M. S. (2024) · World Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.4254/wjh.v16.i5.678 · Cited by 4
Isolation and Identification of Non- Commensal Pathogenic Bacteria in the Saliva of Patients Candidate for Liver Transplant: A Cross Sectional Study in Shiraz, South of Iran.
Ghapanchi, J., Bazargani, A., Khorshidi, H., Erfani, M., Rezazadeh, F., Azad, A., Derafshi, R., & Kalantari, A. H. (2020) · PubMed Central · doi:10.30476/dentjods.2019.77854 · Cited by 4
Salivary microbiome in kidney diseases: A narrative review
Ramanathan, K., Padmanabhan, G., Gulilat, H., & Malik, T. (2023) · Cell Biochemistry and Function · doi:10.1002/cbf.3864 · Cited by 4
Altered salivary microbiota profile in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm
Lin, W.-Z., Chen, B., Qiu, P., Zhou, L.-J., Li, Y.-L., Du, L., Liu, Y., Wang, Y., Zhu, H., Wu, X., et al. (2023) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23040 · Cited by 4
Microbiome and complications of liver disease
Bajaj, J. S. (2015) · Clinical Liver Disease · doi:10.1002/cld.460 · Cited by 4
Self-citation
Is Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Connected with Cognition? The Complex Interplay between Liver and Brain
Kouvari, M., Sergi, D., D'Cunha, N. M., Bulman, A., Panagiotakos, D. B., & Naumovski, N. (2022) · Diabetology · doi:10.3390/diabetology3020026 · Cited by 4
Is it time to spit? More evidence for the oral–gut–liver axis in liver disease
Acharya, C., & Bajaj, J. S. (2021) · Hepatology International · doi:10.1007/s12072-021-10136-3 · Cited by 4
Self-citation
Novel biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma detection and treatment
Yi, H., & Xu, H. C. (2024) · HepatoBiliary Surgery and Nutrition · doi:10.21037/hbsn-24-517 · Cited by 4
Baseline oral microbiome associated with post-living donor liver transplant early complications within 6 months
Babu, R., Kaur, M., Sharma, S., Sureshan, C. S., Gupta, R., Baweja, S., Rastogi, M., Singh, S. P., Varshney, M., Patil, N. S., et al. (2025) · Liver Transplantation · doi:10.1097/lvt.0000000000000779 · Cited by 3
Harnessing the oral microbiome in chronic liver disease: Mechanisms, therapeutic modulation and translational frontiers
Harlow, C., Mohamad, M., Bajaj, J. S., Nibali, L., Banerjee, A., & Patel, V. H. (2026) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2026.04.023 · Cited by 4
Self-citation
Is there is a link between oral microbiome and chronic liver diseases
Mousa, E., & Hassan, R. (2022) · Medical Journal of Viral Hepatitis /Medical Journal of Viral Hepatitis · doi:10.21608/mjvh.2022.258087 · Cited by 3
Evaluation of an Adapted Semi-Automated DNA Extraction for Human Salivary Shotgun Metagenomics
Meslier, V., Menozzi, E., David, A., Morabito, C., Pozo, S. L. D., Famechon, A., North, J. M., Quinquis, B., Koletsi, S., Macnaughtan, J., et al. (2023) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom13101505 · Cited by 3
Gut microbiota and their relationship with circulating adipokines in an acute hepatic encephalopathy mouse model induced by surgical bile duct ligation
Lee, B., Jo, D., Park, J., Kim, O. Y., & Song, J. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38534 · Cited by 3
Microbiota composition and intestinal barrier function modulated by tamsulosin and Lactococcus lactis in a cirrhosis rat model
Padilla-García, S. V., Loera‐Muro, A., Muñoz‐Ortega, M. H., Hernández-Marín, D. A., Ventura‐Juárez, J., & Martínez-Hernández, S. L. (2025) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2025.1624065 · Cited by 3
[Research progress on the relationship between oral microbes and digestive system diseases].
Li, B., Cheng, L., Zhou, X., & Peng, X. (2018) · PubMed Central · doi:10.7518/hxkq.2018.03.019 · Cited by 3
Alternation of supragingival microbiome in patients with cirrhosis of different Child‐Pugh scores
Bai, R., Bai, M., Zhao, Z., Chen, N., Yang, Y. L., & Tang, Z. (2020) · Oral Diseases · doi:10.1111/odi.13743 · Cited by 3
Gut Microbiome and Liver Diseases from the Perspective of 3PM: The Predictive, Preventive, and Personalized Medicine
Skladaný, Ľ., Koller, T., Kukla, M., & Šoltýs, K. (2023) · Advances in predictive, preventive and personalised medicine · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-34884-6_9 · Cited by 3
The Pathophysiology of Hepatic Encephalopathy at the Level of Gut-Liver-Brain Axis: The Role of Resident Innate Immune Cells
Sepehrinezhad, A., & Shahbazi, A. (2024) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.1004125 · Cited by 3
Impact of rifaximin on cirrhosis complications and gastric microbiota in patients with gastroesophageal variceal bleeding: A pilot randomized controlled trial
Huang, X. Q., Ai, Y., Li, F., Ye, S. T., Wang, J. H., Zhang, R., Zhang, W., Zhu, Y. L., & Chen, S. (2024) · Journal of Digestive Diseases · doi:10.1111/1751-2980.13314 · Cited by 4
Systemic Bacteria Transmissible by Kissing
Posse, J. L., Dios, P. D., & Scully, C. M. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813681-2.00003-2 · Cited by 3
A Metagenomics Approach to Frailty in Patients With Cirrhosis Undergoing a Multifactorial Intervention
Vega‐Abellaneda, S., Román, E. M., Soler, Z., Ortiz, M. A., Rossi, G., Biagini, L., Sánchez, E., Pons-Tarín, M., Laghi, L., Mengucci, C., et al. (2025) · Liver International · doi:10.1111/liv.70418 · Cited by 2
Dental prophylactic interventions are associated with lower decompensation-related hospitalizations over 2 years in cirrhosis
Bajaj, J. S., Silvey, S. G., Aljabi, A., Deeb, J. G., & Patel, N. (2026) · JHEP Reports · doi:10.1016/j.jhepr.2026.101821 · Cited by 2
Self-citation
The oral–gut–liver axis: linking periodontal microbiota to the pathogenesis of liver diseases
武法贵, Chen, Y., Ni, X., Yi, T., & Tan, S. (2026) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2026.1810114 · Cited by 2
Rifaximin treatment shapes a unique metagenome‐metabolism network in patients with decompensated cirrhosis
Nie, M., Wang, P., Shi, P., Hong, X., Zhang, X., Xiang, B., Zhang, M. H., & Xie, W. (2024) · Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1111/jgh.16484 · Cited by 2
The Relationship Between the Gut Microbiota and Liver Disease.
Bajaj, J. S. (2015) · PubMed Central · Cited by 2
Self-citation
Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals Disturbance of Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Field in the Serum Metabolic Spectrum and Gut Microbiota
Dong, Y., Lu, J., Wang, T., Huang, Z., Chen, X., Ren, Z., Hong, L., Wang, H., Yang, D., Xie, H., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.649091 · Cited by 2
Therapeutic Strategies and Current Management for Hepatic Encephalopathy in Liver Cirrhosis
Suzuki, K., Kato, A., & Takikawa, Y. (2019) · OBM Hepatology and Gastroenterology · doi:10.21926/obm.hg.1903027 · Cited by 2
Microbial Therapeutics in Liver Disease
Bajaj, J. S., & Khoruts, A. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-820472-6.00193-6 · Cited by 2
Self-citation
The oral microbiota as part of the human microbiota – links to general health
Belstrøm, D. (2020) · Den norske tannlegeforenings Tidende · doi:10.56373/2020-2-5 · Cited by 2
The Gut Microbiome and Liver Disease
Yu, L., Bajaj, J. S., & Schwabe, R. F. (2020) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119436812.ch84 · Cited by 1
Self-citation
Pathogenic entero- and salivatypes harbour changes in microbiome virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes with increasing chronic liver disease severityPreprint
Lee, S., Arefaine, B., Begum, N., Stamouli, M., Witherden, E. A., Mohamad, M., Harzandi, A., Zamalloa, A., Cai, H., Edwards, L. A., et al. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.08.06.552152 · Cited by 2
Characterization of the Gastric Mucosal Microbiota in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis and Its Associations with Gastrointestinal Symptoms
Chen, Y., Guo, J., Chen, C., Shi, D., Fang, D., Ji, F., & Li, L. (2020) · Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.eng.2020.04.014 · Cited by 1
Microbial Diversity and Their Role in Human Health and Diseases
Bhat, M. H., Hajam, Y. A., Neelam, N., Kumar, R., & Diksha, D. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-3126-2_1 · Cited by 2
Serum Zonulin as a Marker of Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Function in Chronic Liver Diseases in Pediatrics
(2024) · The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine · doi:10.21608/ejhm.2024.349082 · Cited by 1
Efficacies of Bifidobacterium and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Rats With Chronic Hepatic Encephalopathy Assessed by [ 18 F]PBR146 Imaging of Neuroinflammation
Kong, X., Wu, S. Y., Jiang, J., Luo, S., Zhang, J., Yang, G., Lu, G., & Zhang, L. J. (2025) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.70227 · Cited by 1
Research Advances in the Association Between Gut Microbiota and Hepatic Alveolar Echinococcosis: A Review Study
Zhu, H., Zuo, S., & Wang, J. (2025) · Hepatitis Monthly · doi:10.5812/hepatmon-163406 · Cited by 1
Clinical efficacy evaluation of washed microbiota transplantation treatment for metabolic related fatty liver disease and its impact on tongue coating microorganisms
Huang, L., Wang, S., Zhang, H., Feng, S., Zhong, H., Chen, J., Xie, W.-R., Wu, L., Zhang, T., He, X., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2025.1684173 · Cited by 1
Gut microbiota in hepatic encephalopathy: a 3PM-guided three-tier health strategy
Chen, J., Niu, M.-L., & Zhang, L. J. (2025) · The EPMA Journal · doi:10.1007/s13167-025-00433-4 · Cited by 1
Alteration in tongue coating microbiota across different stages of hepatitis B virus-related chronic liver disease
Pervaiz, U., Wu, F., Nabeel, P., Zhao, R. M., Zhao, Z., 张艺宝, Xia, P., Ji, P., Yuan, X., HU, X., et al. (2026) · Journal of Oral Microbiology · doi:10.1080/20002297.2025.2596454 · Cited by 1
Proteomics-based machine learning model for predicting secondary infection in HBV-related liver failure
Xiong, F., Zheng, J., Chen, J., Wu, L., Jiang, Y., Ls, L., Zhou, T., Zhou, Y., Wu, T., Sun, Y., et al. (2026) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-026-69075-y · Cited by 1
Rifaximin Use Is Associated With Prognosis and Recurrence Patterns in Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis: Exploratory Insights Into the Oral–Gut–Hepatic Axis
Uchida, Y., Soma, N., Yamada, S., Tsuji, S., Ando, S., Sugawara, K., Nakao, M., Nakayama, N., Imai, Y., Mizuno, S., et al. (2026) · JGH Open · doi:10.1002/jgh3.70391 · Cited by 1
Role of the gut microbiota–bile acid axis in liver fibrosis based on microbiomics and targeted metabolomics
Zhang, Y.-L., Gou, H.-Z., Li, Z.-J., Xi, J.-H., Wang, X.-J., Shang, J., Zhu, D., Ren, L., Shu, X.-J., & (38117), L. Z. (2026) · BMC Microbiology · doi:10.1186/s12866-026-05224-z · Cited by 1
Microbiota and Liver
Abe, K., Takahashi, A., & Ohira, H. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-4-431-55790-6_2 · Cited by 1
Other Precipitating Factors for AECHB
Wang, B., Guo, J., Li, L., Chen, T., Guo, C., & He, Y.-W. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-024-1606-0_6 · Cited by 1
From the mouth to gut: A microbial journey!
Apoorva, S. R. (2020) · Journal of Academy of Dental Education · doi:10.25259/jade_6_2020 · Cited by 1
Progress in understanding of relationship between duodenal mucosal microecology and hepatitis B virus related acute-on-chronic liver failure
Li, S.-L., Zheng, S., Tang, Y., Liu, H.-M., & Mao, Q. (2022) · World Chinese Journal of Digestology · doi:10.11569/wcjd.v30.i24.1074 · Cited by 1
Role of Intestinal Microbiome in Potentiating Inflammation and Predicting Outcomes in Alcohol-Associated Cirrhosis
Støy, S. H., & Schnabl, B. (2025) · Gastroenterology Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2024.12.001 · Cited by 1
Microbial Dysbiosis in the Urinary Microbiome of Patients With Cirrhosis
Woltsche, J. N., Pacher-Deutsch, C., Fürst, S., Gulden, L., Schwarzl, J., Feldbacher, N., Nepel, M., Celcer, L., Hasl, N., Rieper, V., et al. (2025) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.14309/ajg.0000000000003634 · Cited by 1
Oral Microbiota and Liver Disease
Kern, T., & Nielsen, T. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-98890-0_7 · Cited by 1
The Role of the Bacterial Microbiota in Alcoholic and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Madsen, A. L., Brach, T., Kern, T., Bak, E. G., Nielsen, T., & Arumugam, M. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-98890-0_6 · Cited by 1
The Significance of Dysbiosis in the Gut Microbiome to HCV Infection and Disease Progression
Khan, S. A. (2023) · Microbial Bioactives · doi:10.25163/microbbioacts.617336
Reply
Bajaj, J. S., Zhou, H., Kang, D. J., & Hylemon, P. B. (2015) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.27952 · Cited by 1
Self-citation
The Potential of Microbiome Big Data in Precision Medicine: Predicting Outcomes Through Machine Learning
Turroni, S., & Rampelli, S. (2024) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119846567.ch7 · Cited by 1
The Gut Microbiome and Cirrhosis: Clinical Aspects
Bajaj, J. S. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-23018-4_19
Self-citation
Detecção dos poliomavirus humano JC e BK em pacientes no pré transplante de fígado
Figueiredo, M. A. (2017) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/d.23.2017.tde-06032017-114357
The Impact of Gut Microbiota on Liver Injury
Feng, W., & McClain, C. J. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-58106-4_11
Animal Models When Examining the Gut-Liver Axis
Magdaleno, F., Brol, M. J., Schierwagen, R., Uschner, F. E., Zwick, M., & Trebicka, J. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-98890-0_14
Novel insights into the role of bacterial gut microbiota in hepatocellular carcinoma
Chang, R., Zhang, L., Qiu, G., Xu, X., & Zhou, Y. (2018) · Cancer translational medicine · doi:10.4103/ctm.ctm_8_18
Liver Cirrhosis with Steatohepatitis: Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis and Alcoholic Steatohepatitis
Miyake, T., & Hiasa, Y. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-13-7979-6_1
The Microbiome in Liver Diseases
Blum, H. E. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-24432-3_19
Gastrointestinale Mikrobiota bei Leberzirrhose: pathophysiologische Veränderungen und therapeutische Interventionen
Bruns, T., & Stallmach, A. (2020) · Die Gastroenterologie · doi:10.1007/s11377-020-00436-9
Intestinal Microbiome and the Liver
Gillevet, P. M., & Puri, P. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-37591-7.00003-3
Self-citation
Multi-Omic Predictors of Steatohepatitis and Advanced Fibrosis in ChildrenPreprint
Kordy, K., Li, F., Lee, D. J., Kinchen, J. M., Jew, M., Rocque, M. E. L., Martínez, S., Zabih, S., Saavedra, M., Woodward, C. L., et al. (2019) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3299431
Invasion of Oral Microbiota into the Gut
Li, B., Yang, G., Cheng, L., Zeng, B., Yu, J., Peng, X., Zhao, J., Li, W., Ren, B., Li, M., et al. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-15-7899-1_8
The gut microbiota in hepatic encephalopathy
Samanta, S., & Shawcross, D. L. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-821927-0.00006-1
MICROBIOME DIVERSITY IN THE SALIVA RELATED ORAL AND SYSTEMIC DISEASES
(2021) · Journal of Critical Reviews · doi:10.31838/jcr.07.14.717
Minimal hepatic encephalopathy – underestimated complication of chronic liver disease
Bogdanowska-Charkiewicz, D., Rogalski, P., Dâbrowski, A., & Daniluk, J. (2021) · Neuropsychiatria i Neuropsychologia · doi:10.5114/nan.2021.108031

Authors: Bajaj, J. S., Betrapally, N. S., Hylemon, P. B., Heuman, D. M., Daita, K., White, M. B., Unser, A., Thacker, L. R., Sanyal, A. J., Kang, D. J., Sikaroodi, M., & Gillevet, P. M.
Affiliations: Virginia Commonwealth University (US)
George Mason University (US)
Corresponding author: Bajaj, Jasmohan S.
ORCID: Bajaj, Jasmohan S.
Betrapally, Naga S.
Hylemon, Phillip B.
White, Melanie B.
Unser, Ariel
Thacker, Leroy R.
Sanyal, Arun J.
Sikaroodi, Masoumeh
Gillevet, Patrick M
Venue: Hepatology
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2015-05-06
Volume: 62
Issue: 4
Pages: 1260-1271
ISSN: 0270-9139 (ISSN-L)
1527-3350
DOI: 10.1002/hep.27819
PMC: PMC4587995
OpenAlex: W1518286619
Cited by: 325
References: 43
Citations by year: 2026: 13 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 50 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 14
FWCI: 12.14
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1 (tdm, 118 d)
Locations: Hepatology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (I01 CX001076)
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01AA020203, RO1AA020203)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK087913)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver Disease and Transplantation
Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
Keywords: liver cirrhosis, hepatic encephalopathy, salivary microbiota, gut microbiota, dysbiosis, systemic inflammation, Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcaceae, endotoxin, secretory IgA, histatins, lysozyme, interleukin-6, IL-1β, mucosal immunity, hepatic decompensation
MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Feces, Female, Hepatic Encephalopathy, Humans, Inflammation, Intestines, Liver Cirrhosis, Male, Middle Aged, Saliva, Microbiota, Dysbiosis

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Salivary microbiota reflects changes in gut microbiota in cirrhosis with hepatic encephalopathy

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks