Biphasic clearance kinetics of hepatitis B virus from patients during adefovir dipivoxil therapy
Abstract
In a recent phase II clinical study, 13 chronic hepatitis B-infected patients treated daily with 30 mg adefovir dipivoxil for 12 weeks displayed a median 4.1-log10 decrease in plasma hepatitis B virus (HBV)-DNA levels. The decline of viral load during therapy displayed a biphasic kinetic profile that was modeled to determine the efficacy of inhibition of viral production, as well as kinetic constants for the clearance of free virus and the loss of infected cells. Viral production was suppressed with an efficacy of 0.993 +/- 0.008, indicating that only 0.7% of viral production persisted during therapy. The initial, faster phase of viral load decline reflects the clearance of HBV particles from plasma with a half-life of 1.1 +/- 0.3 days, translating to a 48% daily turnover of the free virus. The second, slower phase of viral load decline closely mirrors the rate-limiting process of infected cell loss, with a half-life of 18 +/- 7 days. The duration of therapy required to completely eliminate the virus from plasma or suppress it to levels sufficient to induce seroconversion is a function of the half-life of the free virus, the half-life of infected cells, and the efficacy of inhibition of virus production from infected cells. These quantitative analyses provide a more detailed picture of the dynamics of HBV infection and therapy, and can be used to compare the efficacy of various doses and inhibitors of HBV replication for the treatment of HBV infections.
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HBV cccDNA exhibits staggering stability and declines slowly under antiviral therapy, representing a major barrier to viral eradication.
“Moreover, HBV cccDNA exhibits staggering stability and declines slowly under antiviral therapy, thus representing a major barrier to viral eradication.3,4,5,6”
From The CRISPR/Cas9 system facilitates clearance of the intrahepatic HBV templates in vivo (2014) · cites this paper as [3]
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- Authors
- Tsiang, M., Rooney, J. F., Toole, J. J., & Gibbs, C. S.
- Affiliations
- Gilead Sciences (United States) (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tsiang, Manuel
- Venue
- Hepatology
- Published
- 1999-06
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1863-1869
- ISSN
- 0270-9139 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1968184723
- Cited by
- 242
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 14.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Hepatology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Gilead Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Hepatitis C virus research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver physiology and pathology
- Keywords
- hepatitis B virus, adefovir dipivoxil, HBV DNA, chronic hepatitis B, antiviral efficacy
- MeSH terms
- Adenine, Antiviral Agents, DNA, Viral, Half-Life, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens, Hepatitis B virus, Humans, Kinetics, Models, Biological, Time Factors, Viral Load, Hepatitis B, Chronic, Organophosphonates
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