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Cited by 65Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentMaternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and PostpartumInfant Development and Preterm Care

Risk factors for delayed social‐emotional development and behavior problems at age two: Results from the All Our Babies/Families (AOB/F) cohort

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McDonald, Sheila W., Kehler, Heather L., Tough, Suzanne C.·2018·Health Science Reports
DOI 10.1002/hsr2.82PMC PMC6266514
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Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Social-emotional delays and behavioral problems at preschool age are associated with negative outcomes at school age, including ongoing behavior problems, poorer social functioning, and academic difficulties. Understanding modifiable risk factors for suboptimal development requires consideration of contemporary family circumstances to determine areas for effective early intervention to optimize development. This study aimed to identify risk factors for delayed social-emotional development and behavior problems at age two among participants of the All Our Babies/Families cohort study. METHODS: = 1596) completed five comprehensive questionnaires spanning midpregnancy to 2 years postpartum. At child age two, behavior and competence outcomes were measured using the Brief Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment. Chi square analysis and multivariable logistic regression modeling was used to identify key risk factors for suboptimal child outcomes. Predicted probabilities for adverse outcomes in the presence of risk were calculated. RESULTS: Risk factors for possible delayed social-emotional development in children included maternal depression at 2 years postpartum (OR 2.46, 95% CI 1.63, 3.72), lower parenting self-efficacy at 2 years postpartum (OR 2.76, 95% CI 1.51, 5.06), non-daily play-based interaction when child was 1 and 2 years old (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.02, 1.99), child delayed sleep initiation at 2 years of age (OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.05, 2.37), and playgroup non-attendance between 1 and 2 years postpartum (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.03, 1.99). Risk factors for possible behavior problems included lower maternal optimism during pregnancy (OR 2.02, 95% CI 1.36, 2.99), maternal depression at 2 years postpartum (OR 2.19, 95% CI 1.46, 3.27), difficulty balancing responsibilities at 2 years postpartum (OR 2.32 95% CI 1.55, 3.47), child second language exposure at 2 years of age (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.37, 2.58), child delayed sleep initiation at 2 years of age (OR 1.55 95% CI 1.06, 2.26), child frequent night wakings at 2 years of age (OR 2.95 95% CI 2.13, 4.10), and more screentime exposure at 2 years of age (OR 1.85 95% CI 1.34, 2.54). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that addressing maternal mental health and promoting parenting strategies that encourage play-based interaction, limiting screen time, preventing sleep problems, and engagement in informal playgroups would reduce the risk of behavior and social-emotional problems.

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  • In infants, increased screen time was one of several factors that predicted behavioral problems.

    “In infants, increased screen time was one of several factors that predicted behavioral problems.26”

    From Brain health consequences of digital technology use (2020) · cites this paper as [26]

    The Results section identifies at least one hour of daily screen time as one of seven factors predictive of behavior problems at age two (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.34–2.54). The claim says “in infants,” but the reported screen-time exposure and behavior outcome were assessed at age two, not in infants. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. [13]US Department of Health, Human Services. Report of the Surgeon General's Conference on Children's Mental Health: a national action agenda. 2000. 20669515

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Authors
McDonald, S. W., Kehler, H. L., & Tough, S. C.
Affiliations
University of Calgary (CA)
Corresponding author
McDonald, Sheila W.
ORCID
Venue
Health Science Reports
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2018-08-28
Volume
1
Issue
10
Pages
e82-e82
ISSN
2398-8835 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1002/hsr2.82
PMC
PMC6266514
OpenAlex
W2889066632
Cited by
65
References
43
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 1
FWCI
7.04
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Health Science Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Alberta Innovates - Health Solutions (200700595)
  • Max Bell Foundation
  • Alberta Children's Hospital Foundation
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Infant Development and Preterm Care
Keywords
social-emotional development, behavioral problems, toddlers, risk factors, maternal depression, parental self-efficacy, play-based interaction, sleep initiation, second language exposure, maternal employment, family situation, early intervention, child development, child behavior problems

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