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Hydraulic visibility: Using satellite altimetry to parameterize a hydraulic model of an ungauged reach of a braided river: Braided River Hydraulics from Altimetry
Abstract
What hydraulic information can be gained from remotely sensed observations of a river's surface? In this study, we analyze the relationship between river bed undulations and water surfaces for an ungauged reach of the Xingu River, a first-order tributary of the Amazon river. This braided reach is crosscut more than 10 times by a ENVISAT (ENVironmental SATellite) track that extends over 100 km. Rating curves based on a modeled discharge series and altimetric measurements are used, including the zero-flow depth Z0 parameter, which describes river's bathymetry. River widths are determined from JERS (Japanese Earth Ressources Satellite) images. Hydrodynamic laws predict that irregularities in the geometry of a river bed produce spatial and temporal variations in the water level, as well as in its slope. Observation of these changes is a goal of the Surface Water and Ocean Topography satellite mission, which has a final objective of determining river discharge. First, the concept of hydraulic visibility is introduced, and the seasonality of water surface slope is highlighted along with different flow regimes and reach behaviors. Then, we propose a new single-thread effective hydraulic approach for modeling braided rivers flows, based on the observation scales of current satellite altimetry. The effective hydraulic model is able to reproduce water surface elevations derived by satellite altimetry, and it shows that hydrodynamical signatures are more visible in areas where the river…
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“The space-derived z0 and heq fields generated here offer physically realistic a priori constraints to parameterize forward hydraulic models explicitly32–34.”
From Global scale river discharge and mean depth from radar altimetry and model (2026) · cites this paper as [32]
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“We also present estimates of hydraulic geometry parameters carried by the rating curves26,52, including effective mean river depth, derived sparsely at the near-global scale, providing opportunities for large-scale river hydraulics and remote sensing hydrology applications32,46.”
From Global scale river discharge and mean depth from radar altimetry and model (2026) · cites this paper as [32]
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“They can in turn provide consistent a priori information on river channel bathymetry to support hydraulic modeling32–34.”
From Global scale river discharge and mean depth from radar altimetry and model (2026) · cites this paper as [32]
In the citing paper
“z0 is the zero-flow water surface elevation, the elevation below which flow ceases under the assumptions of the power-law formulation, approximating the effective mean riverbed level rather than necessarily coinciding with the true bed elevation 32,33.”
From Global scale river discharge and mean depth from radar altimetry and model (2026) · cites this paper as [32]
In the citing paper
“The calibrated parameter z0, a cease-to-flow-elevation of the ARC, provides insights into global river hydraulic geometry26,46, supporting physically coherent hydraulic models driven by satellite altimetry32,33,46.”
From Global scale river discharge and mean depth from radar altimetry and model (2026) · cites this paper as [32]
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Global threats to human water security and river biodiversity
Vörösmarty, C. J., McIntyre, P. B., Gessner, M. O., Dudgeon, D., Prusevich, A., Green, P., Glidden, S., Bunn, S. E., Sullivan, C. A., Liermann, C. R., et al. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09440 · Cited by 7,582
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Cited by
Huynh, N. N. T., Garambois, P.-A., Renard, B., Colleoni, F., Monnier, J., & Roux, H. (2025) · Hydrology and Earth System Sciences · doi:10.5194/hess-29-3589-2025 · Cited by 38
Self-citationGlobal scale river discharge and mean depth from radar altimetry and model
Paris, A., Garambois, P.-A., Gal, L., Cerbelaud, A., Larnier, K., David, C. H., Jucá Oliveira, R. A., Correa, S. W., Tourian, M. J., & Calmant, S. (2026) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-026-78275-5
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Garambois, P.-A., Calmant, S., Roux, H., Paris, A., Monnier, J., Finaud-Guyot, P., Samine Montazem, A., & Santos da Silva, J.
- Affiliations
- ICUBE - UMR 7357, Fluid Mechanics Team; INSA Strasbourg; 24 Boulevard de la victoire Strasbourg cedex 67084 France
- Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, OMP, Laboratoire D'Etudes EN Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales (UMR 5566 CNES CNRS IRD UPS); Toulouse France
- Université de Toulouse, INPT, UPS, IMFT (Institut de Mécanique des Fluides de Toulouse), CNRS, Allée Camille Soula; Toulouse 31400 France
- Mathematics Institute of Toulouse - National Institute for Applied Sciences; 135 Avenue de Rangueil Toulouse Cedex 4 31077 France
- ICUBE - UMR 7357, Fluid Mechanics Team; Strasbourg Cedex 67000 France
- CESTU/UEA; Manaus Brazil
- ORCID
- Paris, Adrien
- Venue
- Hydrological Processes
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2016-12-26
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 756-767
- ISSN
- 0885-6087
- Cited by
- 64
- References
- 1
- Language
- en
- Licence
- doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1 (tdm)
- onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
- Funders
- Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales
- Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg
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