The DOI matches its Crossref record; 24 of the 24 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Noradrenergic sympathetic innervation of the spleen: II. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)‐positive nerve terminals form synapticlike contacts on lymphocytes in the splenic white pulp
Abstract
Immunocytochemistry was used to demonstrate tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)‐positive profiles in the spleen of the adult Fischer 344 rat. At the light microscopic level, numerous varicose nerve profiles were seen in the white pulp, particularly surrounding the central arteries and their arteriole branches. At the electron microscopic level, varicosities were seen in close proximity to smooth muscle cells of the arteries, and directly abutting lymphocytes (presumable T‐lymphocytes) of the nearby periarteriolar lymphatic sheath. There were no intervening cell processes between the TH‐positive terminals and the lymphocyte. The opposing membranes were smooth and evenly spaced approximately 6 nm apart. Additional TH‐positive nerve profiles were seen in the inner marginal zone and within trabeculae. The correlation between this immunocytochemical staining and previously demonstrated histofluorescence for norepinephrine leads to the conclusion that lymphocytes in the splenic white pulp have direct associations with noradrenergic fibers of the sympathetic nervous system. This association provides a route by which the autonomic nervous system could directly influence specific immune system effector cells.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Noradrenergic and peptidergic innervation of lymphoid tissue
Felten, D. L., Felten, S. Y., Carlson, S. L., Olschowka, J. A., & Livnat, S. (1985) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.135.2.755 · Cited by 1,025
Self-citationImmunoregulation mediated by the sympathetic nervous system
Besedovsky, H. O., Rey, A. D., Sorkin, E., Da Prada, M., & Keller, H. H. (1979) · Cellular Immunology · doi:10.1016/0008-8749(79)90129-1 · Cited by 487
The output of sympathetic transmitter from the spleen of the cat
Brown, G. L., & Gillespie, J. S. (1957) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1957.sp005839 · Cited by 410
Williams, J. M., Peterson, R. G., Shea, P. A., Schmedtje, J. F., Bauer, D. C., & Felten, D. L. (1981) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(81)80072-x · Cited by 328
Involvement of peripheral and central catecholamine systems in neural-immune interactions
Livnat, S., Felten, S. Y., Carlson, S. L., Bellinger, D. L., & Felten, D. L. (1985) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/0165-5728(85)90031-1 · Cited by 290
Self-citationSympathetic innervation of murine thymus and spleen: A comparative histofluorescence study
Williams, J. M., & Felten, D. L. (1981) · The Anatomical Record · doi:10.1002/ar.1091990409 · Cited by 204
The Presence of a Substance with Sympathin E Properties in Spleen Extracts
von Euler, U. S. (1946) · Acta Physiologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1946.tb00338.x · Cited by 120
The sympathetic nervous system modulates antibody response to thymus-independent antigens
Miles, K., Quintáns, J., Chelmicka‐Schorr, E., & Arnason, B. G. W. (1981) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/0165-5728(81)90012-6 · Cited by 115
The Noradrenaline Content of the Varicosities of Sympathetic Adrenergic Nerve Terminals in the Rat
Dahlström, A. B., Häogendal, J., & Hökfelt, T. G. M. (1966) · Acta Physiologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1966.tb03314.x · Cited by 114
Innervation of the periarteriolar lymphatic sheath of the spleen
Reilly, F. D., McCuskey, P. A., Miller, M. L., McCuskey, R. S., & Meineke, H. A. (1979) · Tissue and Cell · doi:10.1016/0040-8166(79)90012-0 · Cited by 107
Cited by
Elenkov, I. J., Wilder, R. L., Chrousos, G. P., & Vizi, E. S. (2000) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0031-6997(24)01470-4 · Cited by 2,252
Psychological Stress and Susceptibility to the Common Cold
Cohen, S., Tyrrell, D. A. J., & Smith, A. P. (1991) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199108293250903 · Cited by 1,712
Acetylcholine-Synthesizing T Cells Relay Neural Signals in a Vagus Nerve Circuit
Rosas-Ballina, M., Olofsson, P. S., Ochani, M., Valdés-Ferrer, S. I., Levine, Y. A., Reardon, C., Tusche, M. W., Pavlov, V. A., Andersson, U., Chavan, S., et al. (2011) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1209985 · Cited by 1,551
Depression and cancer: mechanisms and disease progression
Spiegel, D., & Giese-Davis, J. (2003) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(03)00566-3 · Cited by 874
Noradrenergic Sympathetic Neural Interactions with the Immune System: Structure and Function
Felten, D. L., Felten, S. Y., Bellinger, D. L., Carlson, S. L., Ackerman, K. D., Madden, K. S., Olschowki, J. A., & Livnat, S. (1987) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1600-065x.1987.tb00534.x · Cited by 746
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Felten, S. Y., & Olschowka, J.
- Venue
- Journal of Neuroscience Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1987-01
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 37-48
- ISSN
- 0360-4012 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-4547
- OpenAlex
- W2060942917
- Cited by
- 332
- References
- 24
- FWCI
- 16.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Noradrenergic sympathetic innervation of the spleen: II. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)‐positive nerve terminals form synapticlike contacts on lymphocytes in the splenic white pulp. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1002/jnr.490180108
- The paper
- Felten, S. Y., & Olschowka, J. (1987). Noradrenergic sympathetic innervation of the spleen: II. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)‐positive nerve terminals form synapticlike contacts on lymphocytes in the splenic white pulp. Journal of Neuroscience Research. https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.490180108
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
