Self‐Monitoring of Reexperiencing Symptoms: A Randomized Trial
Abstract
The efficacy of a brief intervention to self‐monitor reexperiencing symptoms was evaluated in 137 U.S. combat veterans with PTSD who were enrolled in 5‐week psychoeducation groups at a large Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Groups were randomized to psychoeducation alone (Education Control, n = 50) or psychoeducation plus intrusion monitoring (Education + Monitoring, n = 87). Education + Monitoring participants were asked to make a daily record of the number and content of nightmares, flashbacks, intrusive trauma‐related thoughts, and physiological and emotional reactions to triggers. Avoidance symptoms were reduced in both conditions (η 2 = .093), with no additional benefit from intrusion monitoring (η 2 = .001). Compliance with intrusion monitoring was markedly low, which complicated the interpretation of the study findings. Even though intrusion monitoring has a strong theoretical foundation and may be an efficient and cost‐effective alternative to more structured treatments for PTSD, the effect of intrusion monitoring will not be clearly understood until higher compliance can be achieved. Future work in this area should address barriers to compliance and investigate strategies for enhancing motivation to engage in self‐monitoring.
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In the traditional model, clients often struggle to complete homework independently, with less than 40% of homework typically completed as assigned.
“In the traditional model, clients often struggle to complete homework independently, with less than 40% of homework typically completed as assigned [8,9].”
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Espel-Huynh, H. M., Wang, L., Lattie, E. G., Wickham, R. E., Varra, A., Chen, C. E., Lungu, A., & Lee, J. L. (2024) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/60502 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“In the traditional model, clients often struggle to complete homework independently, with less than 40% of homework typically completed as assigned [8,9].”
- Authors
- Brown, A. J., Bollini, A. M., Craighead, L. W., Astin, M. C., Norrholm, S. D., & Bradley, B.
- Affiliations
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center (US)
- Washington DC VA Medical Center (US)
- Emory University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Brown, Amanda Joelle
- Venue
- Journal of Traumatic Stress
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-10
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 519-525
- ISSN
- 0894-9867 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-6598
- OpenAlex
- W1917985395
- Cited by
- 11
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 0.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Traumatic Stress (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- post-traumatic stress disorder, combat veterans, intrusion monitoring, self-monitoring, re-experiencing symptoms, psychoeducation, nightmares, flashbacks, avoidance symptoms, medication adherence, brief intervention
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Medical Records, Middle Aged, Patient Compliance, Patient Education as Topic, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychotherapy, Brief, Self Care, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Veterans
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