Preventing cell death induced by carbonyl stress, oxidative stress or mitochondrial toxins with vitamin B anti-AGE agents
Abstract
Carbonyls generated by autoxidation of carbohydrates or lipid peroxidation have been implicated in advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation in tissues adversely affected by diabetes complications. Tissue AGE and associated pathology have been decreased by vitamin B(1)/B(6) in trials involving diabetic animal models. To understand the molecular cytoprotective mechanisms involved, the effects of B(1)/B(6) vitamers against cytotoxicity induced by AGE/advanced lipid end product (ALE) carbonyl precursors (glyoxal/acrolein) have been compared to cytotoxicity induced by oxidative stress (hydroperoxide) or mitochondrial toxins (cyanide/copper). Thiamin was found to be best at preventing cell death induced by carbonyl stress and mitochondrial toxins but not oxidative stress cell death suggesting that thiamin pyrophosphate restored pyruvate and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenases inhibited by mitochondrial toxicity. However, B(6) vitamers were most effective at preventing oxidative stress or lipid peroxidation cytotoxicity suggesting that pyridoxal or pyridoxal phosphate were antioxidants and/or Fe/Cu chelators. A therapeutic vitamin cocktail could provide maximal prevention against carbonyl stress toxicity associated with diabetic complications.
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In healthy adults, supplementation with 0.96 g/d EPA and DHA for 12 weeks did not affect CRP, sTNFR1, or sTNFR2.
“¼ CRP, sTNFR1, sTNFR2”
From Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity (2011) · cites this paper as [626]
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- Authors
- Mehta, R., Shangari, N., & O'Brien, P. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Toronto (CA)
- ORCID
- Mehta, Rhea
- Venue
- Molecular Nutrition & Food Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2008-03
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 379-385
- ISSN
- 1613-4125 (ISSN-L)
- 1613-4133
- OpenAlex
- W2116883290
- Cited by
- 42
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 2.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Molecular Nutrition & Food Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Advanced Glycation End Products research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Biochemical Acid Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Folate and B Vitamins Research
- Keywords
- advanced glycation end products, carbonyl stress, thiamine, vitamin B6, pyridoxal phosphate, oxidative stress, mitochondrial toxins, cyanide, copper, lipid peroxidation, glyoxal, acrolein, cell death prevention, pyruvate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, diabetes complications, antioxidants
- MeSH terms
- Acrolein, Aldehydes, Animals, Cyanides, Glyoxal, Male, Microsomes, Liver, Mitochondria, Thiamine, Vitamin B Complex, Lipid Peroxidation, Cell Death, Glycation End Products, Advanced, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Reactive Oxygen Species, Oxidative Stress, Copper Sulfate, Hepatocytes, Vitamin B 6, Rats
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