Cited by 117Advanced NMR Techniques and ApplicationsAdvanced MRI Techniques and ApplicationsMetabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies

State of the art direct 13 C and indirect 1 H‐[ 13 C] NMR spectroscopy in vivo . A practical guide

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de Graaf, Robin A., Rothman, Douglas L., Behar, Kevin L.·2011·NMR in Biomedicine

Abstract

Carbon‐13 NMR spectroscopy in combination with 13 C‐labeled substrate infusion is a powerful technique for measuring a large number of metabolic fluxes noninvasively in vivo . It has been used to quantify glycogen synthesis rates, establish quantitative relationships between energy metabolism and neurotransmission, and evaluate the importance of different substrates. Measurements can, in principle, be performed through direct 13 C NMR detection or via indirect 1 H‐[ 13 C] NMR detection of the protons attached to 13 C nuclei. The choice of detection scheme and pulse sequence depends on the magnetic field strength, whereas substrate selection depends on metabolic pathways. 13 C NMR spectroscopy remains a challenging technique that requires several nonstandard hardware modifications, infusion of 13 C‐labeled substrates, and sophisticated processing and metabolic modeling. In this study, the various aspects of direct 13 C and indirect 1 H‐[ 13 C] NMR are reviewed with the aim of providing a practical guide. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Authors
de Graaf, R. A., Rothman, D. L., & Behar, K. L.
Affiliations
  • Department of Diagnostic Radiology Magnetic Resonance Research Center Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA
  • Yale University (US)
Venue
NMR in Biomedicine
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2011-08-23
Volume
24
Issue
8
Pages
958-972
ISSN
  • 0952-3480 (ISSN-L)
  • 1099-1492
OpenAlex
W1910025641
Cited by
117
References
79
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 2
FWCI
0.62
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • NMR in Biomedicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (1r01mh095104-01)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (R01-MH095104)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK027121)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (P30NS052519)
  • National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (R01EB000473)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Advanced NMR Techniques and Applications
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
Keywords
13C NMR, metabolic flux measurement, in vivo metabolic imaging, glycogen synthesis, energy metabolism, neurotransmission, magnetic field strength, pulse sequences, metabolic modeling
MeSH terms
Animals, Carbon Isotopes, Glucose, Humans, Models, Biological, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Glutamic Acid

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