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Cited by 801Heavy Metal Exposure and ToxicityTrace Elements in HealthAdvanced MRI Techniques and Applications

Manganese toxicity upon overexposure

Open access
Crossgrove, Janelle, Zheng, Wei·2004·NMR in Biomedicine
DOI 10.1002/nbm.931PMC PMC3980863
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Abstract

Manganese (Mn) is a required element and a metabolic byproduct of the contrast agent mangafodipir trisodium (MnDPDP). The Mn released from MnDPDP is initially sequestered by the liver for first‐pass elimination, which allows an enhanced contrast for diagnostic imaging. The administration of intravenous Mn impacts its homeostatic balance in the human body and can lead to toxicity. Human Mn deficiency has been reported in patients on parenteral nutrition and in micronutrient studies. Mn toxicity has been reported through occupational (e.g. welder) and dietary overexposure and is evidenced primarily in the central nervous system, although lung, cardiac, liver, reproductive and fetal toxicity have been noted. Mn neurotoxicity results from an accumulation of the metal in brain tissue and results in a progressive disorder of the extrapyramidal system which is similar to Parkinson's disease. In order for Mn to distribute from blood into brain tissue, it must cross either the blood–brain barrier (BBB) or the blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCB). Brain import, with no evidence of export, would lead to brain Mn accumulation and neurotoxicity. The mechanism for the neurodegenerative damage specific to select brain regions is not clearly understood. Disturbances in iron homeostasis and the valence state of Mn have been implicated as key factors in contributing to Mn toxicity. Chelation therapy with EDTA and supplementation with levodopa are the current treatment options, which are mildly and transiently efficacious. In conclusion, repeated administration of Mn, or compounds that readily release Mn, may increase the risk of Mn‐induced toxicity. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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  • Manganese(II) is a toxic divalent metal that can be found in excessive amounts in various water bodies, soils and rocks.

    “Manganese (II) is a toxic divalent metal that can be found in excessive amounts in various water bodies, soils and rocks [1, 2].”

    From Dissolution and solubility of calcite-rhodochrosite solid solutions [(Ca1-xMnx)CO3] at 25 °C (2021) · cites this paper as [1]

    The Introduction (page unavailable) discusses Mn²⁺ and says manganese overexposure can cause toxicity. Its Environmental exposure section reports intoxication after ingestion of contaminated water. It does not say that manganese(II) occurs in excessive amounts across various water bodies, soils and rocks. (LLM, conf=0.87)

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Research works printed but not linked: 5

  1. [12]Inoue N, Makita Y. Neurological aspects in human exposures to manganese. In: Chang LW, editor. Toxicology of Metals. CRC Press; Boca Raton, FL: 1996. pp. 415–421. [Google Scholar]
  2. [56]Couper J. On the effects of black oxide of manganese when inhaled into the lungs. Br. Ann. Med. Pharm. Vital Stat. Gen. Sci. 1837;1:41–42. [Google Scholar]
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Authors
Crossgrove, J., & Zheng, W.
Affiliations
Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
Corresponding author
Zheng, Wei
ORCID
Zheng, Wei
Venue
NMR in Biomedicine
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2004-11
Volume
17
Issue
8
Pages
544-553
ISSN
  • 0952-3480 (ISSN-L)
  • 1099-1492
DOI
10.1002/nbm.931
PMC
PMC3980863
OpenAlex
W2014721161
Cited by
801
References
123
Citations by year
2026: 17 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 40 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 42 · 2020: 53 · 2019: 73 · 2018: 56 · 2017: 57 · 2016: 44 · 2015: 46 · 2014: 39 · 2013: 38 · 2012: 42
FWCI
2.05
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 52 d)
Locations
  • NMR in Biomedicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (ES-08146, R21ES013118, ES 09089, R56ES008146, R01ES008146, P30ES009089)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Trace Elements in Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
Keywords
manganese toxicity, manganese neurotoxicity, contrast media, blood-brain barrier, blood-CSF barrier, extrapyramidal system, Parkinson's disease, iron homeostasis, manganese valence state, chelation therapy, levodopa, manganese deficiency, parenteral nutrition, occupational manganese exposure
MeSH terms
Animals, Brain, Contrast Media, Edetic Acid, Heart, Humans, Manganese, Myocardium, Pyridoxal Phosphate, Manganese Poisoning

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