11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 within muscle protects against the adverse effects of local inflammation
Open accessAbstract
Muscle wasting is a common feature of inflammatory myopathies. Glucocorticoids (GCs), although effective at suppressing inflammation and inflammatory muscle loss, also cause myopathy with prolonged administration. 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) is a bidirectional GC-activating enzyme that is potently upregulated by inflammation within mesenchymal-derived tissues. We assessed the regulation of this enzyme with inflammation in muscle, and examined its functional impact on muscle. The expression of 11β-HSD1 in response to proinflammatory stimuli was determined in a transgenic murine model of chronic inflammation (TNF-Tg) driven by overexpression of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α within tissues, including muscle. The inflammatory regulation and functional consequences of 11β-HSD1 expression were examined in primary cultures of human and murine myotubes and human and murine muscle biopsies ex vivo. The contributions of 11β-HSD1 to muscle inflammation and wasting were assessed in vivo with the TNF-Tg mouse on an 11β-HSD1 null background. 11β-HSD1 was significantly upregulated within the tibialis anterior and quadriceps muscles from TNF-Tg mice. In human and murine primary myotubes, 11β-HSD1 expression and activity were significantly increased in response to the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α (mRNA, 7.6-fold, p < 0.005; activity, 4.1-fold, p < 0.005). Physiologically relevant levels of endogenous GCs activated by 11β-HSD1 suppressed proinflammatory cytokine output (interkeukin-6, TNF-α, and interferon-γ), but had little impact on markers of muscle wasting in human myotube cultures. TNF-Tg mice on an 11β-11β-HSD1 knockout background developed greater muscle wasting than their TNF-Tg counterparts (27.4% less; p < 0.005), with smaller compacted muscle fibres and increased proinflammatory gene expression relative to TNF-Tg mice with normal 11β-HSD1 activity. This study demonstrates that inflammatory stimuli upregulate 11β-HSD1 expression and GC activation within muscle. Although concerns have been raised that excess levels of GCs may be detrimental to muscle, in this inflammatory TNF-α-driven model, local endogenous GC activation appears to be an important anti-inflammatory response that protects against inflammatory muscle wasting in vivo. © 2016 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Cortisone is reactivated to cortisol by HSD11B1 expressed predominantly in the liver and some peripheral tissues such as adipose tissue, muscle, skin and bone.
“Cortisone is in-turn reactivated to cortisol by the action of HSD11B1 expressed predominantly in the liver, as well as some peripheral tissues such as adipose tissue, muscle, skin and bone [74,[232], [233], [234], [235]].”
From Human steroid biosynthesis, metabolism and excretion are differentially reflected by serum and urine steroid metabolomes: a comprehensive review (2019) · cites this paper as [232]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Coutinho, A. E., & Chapman, K. E. (2011) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2010.04.005 · Cited by 1,815 · see citing works
Transgenic mice expressing human tumour necrosis factor: a predictive genetic model of arthritis.
Keffer, J., Probert, L., Cazlaris, H., Georgopoulos, S., Kaslaris, E., Kioussis, D., & Kollias, G. (1991) · EMBO Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1991.tb04978.x · Cited by 1,675 · see citing works
IKKβ/NF-κB Activation Causes Severe Muscle Wasting in Mice
Cai, D., Frantz, J. D., Tawa, N. E., Melendez, P. A., Oh, B.-C., Lidov, H. G. W., Hasselgren, P.-O., Frontera, W. R., Lee, J., Glass, D. J., et al. (2004) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2004.09.027 · Cited by 1,367 · see citing works
NF-κB-Induced Loss of MyoD Messenger RNA: Possible Role in Muscle Decay and Cachexia
D, D. C. G., Mayo, M. W., Madrid, L. V., Wang, C., & Baldwin, A. S. (2000) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.289.5488.2363 · Cited by 922 · see citing works
Li, Y.-P., Chen, Y., John, J., Moylan, J. S., Jin, B., Mann, D. L., & Reid, M. B. (2005) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.04-2364com · Cited by 601 · see citing works
Culturing satellite cells from living single muscle fiber explants
Rosenblatt, J. D., Lunt, A. I., Parry, D. J., & Partridge, T. A. (1995) · In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal · doi:10.1007/bf02634119 · Cited by 480 · see citing works
NF-κB mediates the protein loss induced by TNF-α in differentiated skeletal muscle myotubes
Li, Y., & Reid, M. B. (2000) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.2000.279.4.r1165 · Cited by 443 · see citing works
Milhollen, M. A., Traore, T., Duffy, J., Thomas, M. P., Berger, A., Dang, L., Dick, L. R., Garnsey, J., Koenig, E. M., Langston, S., et al. (2010) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2010-03-272567 · Cited by 324 · see citing works
Transcription factors and asthma
Barnes, P. J., & Adcock, I. M. (1998) · European Respiratory Journal · doi:10.1183/09031936.98.12010221 · Cited by 317 · see citing works
Tomas, F. M., Munro, H. N., & Young, V. R. (1979) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj1780139 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Prednisone in Duchenne Dystrophy
Griggs, R. C. (1991) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.1991.00530160047012 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
11β-HSD1 is the major regulator of the tissue-specific effects of circulating glucocorticoid excess
Morgan, S., McCabe, E. L., Gathercole, L., Hassan-Smith, Z. K., Larner, D. P., Bujalska, I. J., Stewart, P. M., Tomlinson, J., & Lavery, G. G. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1323681111 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Self-citationLong‐term benefit from prednisone therapy in Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Fenichel, G. M., Florence, J. M., Pestronk, A., Mendell, J. R., Moxley, R. T., Griggs, R. C., Brooke, M. H., Miller, J. P., Robison, J., King, W. M., et al. (1991) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.41.12.1874 · Cited by 264 · see citing works
Morgan, S., Sherlock, M., Gathercole, L., Lavery, G. G., Lenaghan, C., Bujalska, I. J., Laber, D., Yu, A., Convey, G., Mayers, R. M., et al. (2009) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db09-0525 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Self-citationClinical Investigation of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Brooke, M. H. (1987) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.1987.00520200016010 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Functional outcome and quality of life in adult patients with idiopathic inflammatory myositis
Ponyi, A. (2004) · British journal of rheumatology · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keh404 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Deflazacort in Duchenne dystrophy: Study of long‐term effect
Angelini, C. I., Pegoraro, E., Turella, E., Intino, M. T., Pini, A., & Costa, C. (1994) · Muscle & Nerve · doi:10.1002/mus.880170405 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Löfberg, E., Gutiérrez, A., Wernerman, J., Anderstam, B., Mitch, W. E., Price, S. R., Bergström, J. P., & Alvestrand, A. (2002) · European Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2362.2002.00993.x · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Tiganescu, A., Walker, E. A., Hardy, R. S., Mayes, A. E., & Stewart, P. M. (2011) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1038/jid.2010.257 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Self-citationFenichel, G. M., Mendell, J. R., Moxley, R. T., Griggs, R. C., Brooke, M. H., Miller, J. P., Pestronk, A., Robison, J., King, W., Signore, L., et al. (1991) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.1991.00530180027012 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Local and systemic glucocorticoid metabolism in inflammatory arthritis
Hardy, R., Rabbitt, E. H., Filer, A. D., Emery, P., Hewison, M., Stewart, P. M., Gittoes, N. J. L., Buckley, C. D., Raza, K., & Cooper, M. S. (2008) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/ard.2008.090662 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Self-citationHardy, R., Filer, A. D., Cooper, M. S., Parsonage, G. N., Raza, K., Hardie, D. L., Rabbitt, E. H., Stewart, P. M., Buckley, C. D., & Hewison, M. (2006) · Arthritis Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/ar1993 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Self-citationSpuler, S., & Engel, A. G. (1998) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.50.1.41 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Schakman, O., Gilson, H., de Coninck, V., Lause, P., Verniers, J., Havaux, X., Ketelslegers, J., & Thissen, J. (2005) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2004-1594 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Hart, L. A., Lim, S., Adcock, I. M., Barnes, P. J., & Chung, K. F. (2000) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/ajrccm.161.1.9809019 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Coutinho, A. E., Gray, M., Brownstein, D. G., Salter, D. M., Sawatzky, D. A., Clay, S., Gilmour, J. S., Seckl, J. R., Savill, J., & Chapman, K. E. (2011) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2011-1398 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Dexamethasone Effects on Myoblast Proliferation and Differentiation*
Guerriero, V., & Florini, J. R. (1980) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-106-4-1198 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
A novel selective 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 inhibitor prevents human adipogenesis
Bujalska, I. J., Gathercole, L., Tomlinson, J., Darimont, C., Ermolieff, J., Fanjul, A. N., Rejto, P. A., & Stewart, P. (2008) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe-08-0050 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Self-citationPrednisone reduces muscle degeneration in dystrophin-deficient Caenorhabditis elegans
Gaud, A., Simon, J.-M., Witzel, T., Carre-Pierrat, M., Wermuth, C. G., & Ségalat, L. (2004) · Neuromuscular Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.nmd.2004.02.011 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Stegk, J. P., Ebert, B., Martin, H.-J., & Maser, E. (2008) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2008.10.030 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Layne, M. D., & Farmer, S. R. (1999) · Experimental Cell Research · doi:10.1006/excr.1999.4465 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Kaur, K., Hardy, R., Ahasan, M. M., Eijken, M., van Leeuwen, J. P. T. M., Filer, A. D., Thomas, A. M. C., Raza, K., Buckley, C. D., Stewart, P. M., et al. (2009) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/ard.2009.107466 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Self-citationPasquini, F., Guérin, C., Blake, D. J., Davies, K. E., Karpati, G., & Holland, P. C. (1995) · Neuromuscular Disorders · doi:10.1016/0960-8966(94)00042-8 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Semjonous, N. M., Sherlock, M., Jeyasuria, P., Parker, K. L., Walker, E. A., Stewart, P. M., & Lavery, G. G. (2010) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2010-0957 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Self-citationInflammatory regulation of glucocorticoid metabolism in mesenchymal stromal cells
Ahasan, M. M., Hardy, R., Jones, C. M., Kaur, K., Nanus, D. E., Juarez, M., Morgan, S., Hassan-Smith, Z. K., Bénézech, C., Caamaño, J., et al. (2012) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.34414 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Self-citationBiedasek, K., Andres, J., Mai, K., Adams, S., Spuler, S., Fielitz, J., & Spranger, J. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016674 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Glucocorticoids and 11β-HSD1 are major regulators of intramyocellular protein metabolism
Morgan, S., Hassan-Smith, Z. K., Doig, C. L., Sherlock, M., Stewart, P. M., & Lavery, G. G. (2016) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/joe-16-0011 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Self-citationJang, C., Obeyesekere, V. R., Dilley, R. J., ALFORD, F. P., & Inder, W. J. (2006) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2006.02669.x · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Salehzadeh, F., Al‐Khalili, L., Kulkarni, S. S., Wang, M., Lönnqvist, F., & Krook, A. (2009) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.944 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Local Glucocorticoid Activation by 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase 1 in Keratinocytes
Terao, M., Itoi, S., Matsumura, S., Yang, L., Murota, H., & Katayama, I. (2016) · American Journal Of Pathology · doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.01.014 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY MUSCLE DISEASES
Hilton‐Jones, D. (2003) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.74.suppl_2.ii25 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Jang, C., Obeyesekere, V. R., ALFORD, F. P., & Inder, W. J. (2008) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-08-0619 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [42]Semjonous NM, Sherlock M, Jeyasuria P, et al. Hexose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase contributes to skeletal muscle homeostasis independent of 11 beta‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1. Endocrinology 2011; 152: 93– 102. 21106871 PMC3219053
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Schiffer, L., Barnard, L., Baranowski, E. S., Gilligan, L. C., Taylor, A. E., Arlt, W., Shackleton, C. H. L., & Storbeck, K.-H. (2019) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.105439 · Cited by 450 · see citing works
Inflammation and Skeletal Muscle Wasting During Cachexia
Webster, J. M., Kempen, L. J. A. P., Hardy, R. S., & Langen, R. C. J. (2020) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.597675 · Cited by 372 · see citing works
Self-citationGlucocorticoids and bone: consequences of endogenous and exogenous excess and replacement therapy
Hardy, R. S., Zhou, H., Seibel, M. J., & Cooper, M. S. (2018) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2018-00097 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Self-citationCancer cachexia: multilevel metabolic dysfunction
Díaz, M. B., Rohm, M., & Herzig, S. (2024) · Nature Metabolism · doi:10.1038/s42255-024-01167-9 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Prevalence and Mechanisms of Skeletal Muscle Atrophy in Metabolic Conditions
Jun, L., Robinson, M., Geetha, T., Broderick, T. L., & Babu, J. R. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24032973 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Hardy, R., Botfield, H. F., Markey, K. A., Mitchell, J., Alimajstorovic, Z., Westgate, C. S. J., Sagmeister, M. S., Fairclough, R. J., Ottridge, R. S., Yiangou, A., et al. (2020) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgaa766 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Self-citationPermpoon, U., Moon, J., Kim, C. Y., & Nam, T. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms26157616 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Fenton, C. G., Martin, C., Jones, R. L., Croft, A. P., Campos, J., Naylor, A. J., TAYLOR, A. E. R., Chimen, M., Cooper, M. S., Lavery, G. G., et al. (2020) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-218493 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Self-citationLee, S., Kim, S., Choi, I., Song, Y., Kim, N., Ryu, H. C., Lim, J. W., Kang, H. J., Kim, J., & Seo, H. R. (2022) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/s41419-022-05452-x · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Hardy, R., Fenton, C. G., Croft, A. P., Naylor, A. J., Begum, R., Desanti, G. E., Buckley, C. D., Lavery, G. G., Cooper, M. S., & Raza, K. (2018) · Journal of Autoimmunity · doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2018.05.010 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationFenton, C. G., Webster, J. M., Martin, C., Fareed, S., Wehmeyer, C., Mackie, H., Jones, R. M., Seabright, A. P., Lewis, J. W., Lai, Y., et al. (2019) · Arthritis Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/s13075-019-1962-3 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationWebster, J. M., Fenton, C. G., LANGEN, R. C. J., & Hardy, R. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20225768 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Self-citationSagmeister, M. S., TAYLOR, A. E. R., Fenton, A., Wall, N. A., Chanouzas, D., Nightingale, P., Ferro, C. J., Arlt, W., Cockwell, P., Hardy, R., et al. (2018) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/cen.13889 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationThe endocrinology of sarcopenia and frailty
Kamwa, V., Welch, C., & Hassan-Smith, Z. K. (2022) · Minerva Endocrinology · doi:10.23736/s2724-6507.20.03198-3 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Li, X., Hu, S., Zhu, Q., Yao, G., Yao, J., Li, J., Wang, Y., Ding, Y., Qi, J., Xu, R., et al. (2021) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154749 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Webster, J. M., Sagmeister, M. S., Fenton, C. G., Seabright, A. P., Lai, Y., Jones, S. W., Filer, A. D., Cooper, M. S., Lavery, G. G., Raza, K., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22157828 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationMahida, R. Y., Lax, S., Bassford, C. R., Scott, A., Parekh, D., Hardy, R., Naidu, B. V., Matthay, M. A., Stewart, P. M., Cooper, M. C., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1159831 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationFenton, C. G., Crastin, A., Martin, C., Suresh, S., Montagna, I., Hussain, B., Naylor, A. J., Jones, S. W., Hansen, M. S., Gorvin, C. M., et al. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23137334 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationMarciniak, M., Sato, M., Rutkowski, R., Zawada, A. E., Juchacz, A., Mahadea, D., Grzymislawski, M. B., Dobrowolska, A., Kawka, E., Korybalska, K., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1078508 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Measuring Earwax Cortisol Concentration using a non-stressful sampling method
Herane-Vives, A., Ortega, L., Sandoval, R., Young, A. H., Cleare, A. J., Espinoza, S., Hayes, A., & Benöhr, J. (2020) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05124 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Crastin, A., Shanker, A., Sagmeister, M. S., TAYLOR, A. E. R., Lavery, G. G., Raza, K., & Hardy, R. (2025) · Rheumatology · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keaf129 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citationNaylor, A. J., Desanti, G. E., Saghir, A. N., & Hardy, R. (2017) · Laboratory Animals · doi:10.1177/0023677217707985 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citationAbbas, A., Schini, M., Ainsworth, G., Brown, S., Oughton, J. B., Crowley, R. K., Cooper, M. S., Fairclough, R. J., Eastell, R., & Stewart, P. M. (2022) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgac100 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationCortisol – inspection in the physiology and stress
Musiała, N., Hołyńska-Iwan, I., & Olszewska-Słonina, D. M. (2018) · Diagnostyka Laboratoryjna · doi:10.5604/01.3001.0013.7553 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Pro-inflammatory cytokines in myasthenia gravis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Shushtari, A., Ashayeri, H., Salmannezhad, A., Seyedmirzaei, H., & Rezaei, N. (2025) · Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10072-025-08218-3 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Kniss, D. A., & Summerfield, T. L. S. (2020) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2020.00883 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Cellular and genetic models of H6PDH and 11β‐HSD1 function in skeletal muscle
Zielinska, A. E., Fletcher, R. S., Sherlock, M., Doig, C. L., & Lavery, G. G. (2017) · Cell Biochemistry and Function · doi:10.1002/cbf.3272 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationShirif, A. Z., Kovačević, S., Brkljačić, J. M., Teofilović, A., Elaković, I., Djordjevic, A. D., & Matić, G. M. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22137206 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Crastin, A., Martin, C., Suresh, S., Davies, S. P., Kearns, D., Parlak, A., Adcock, H. V., Filer, A. D., Jones, S. W., Raza, K., et al. (2024) · Advanced Healthcare Materials · doi:10.1002/adhm.202403000 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationWu, J., Miller, E., Davidson, C., Walker, B. R., & Hadoke, P. W. F. (2022) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2021.795823 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
11β-HSD1 determines the extent of muscle atrophy in a model of acute exacerbation of COPD
Webster, J. M., Waaijenberg, K., van de Worp, W. R. P. H., KELDERS, M. C. J. M., Lambrichts, S. M. P., Martin, C., Verhaegen, F., van der Heyden, B., Smith, C. G., Lavery, G. G., et al. (2023) · American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajplung.00009.2022 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationDing, K., Jiang, W., Yao, H., & Gao, Y. (2025) · Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology · doi:10.1080/03009742.2025.2549613 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Pierre-Jerome, C. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-13328-2.00008-8 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Local glucocorticoid signalling promotes pancreatic cancerPreprint
Veiga-Villauriz, C., Hussein, H. A. M., Ward, C. J., Saji, S. K., Chakraborty, S., Pramanik, J., Yamashita-Kanemaru, Y., Simpson, J. P., Laforest, S., Diez, F., et al. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.11.14.688472 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Ahmed, A. A. (2020) · Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research · doi:10.26717/bjstr.2020.31.005050
de Kloet, E. R., Kroon, J., & Meijer, O. C. (2021) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.739006879.793583684
Ayobami, F. S., Udo, I. A., Odega, K., Omisakin, I. A., OLATUNDE, O. J., JIMMY, I. O., Afamefuna Cyril, E. G. B. O., Ajani, O. F., Osuji, B.-M. C., ONOKEVBAGBE, I. G., et al. (2026) · Discover Oncology · doi:10.1007/s12672-026-05652-3
- Authors
- Hardy, R. S., Doig, C. L., Hussain, Z., O'Leary, M., Morgan, S. A., Pearson, M. J., Naylor, A., Jones, S. W., Filer, A., Stewart, P. M., Buckley, C. D., Lavery, G. G., Cooper, M. S., & Raza, K.
- Affiliations
- University of Birmingham (GB)
- Centre for Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Birmingham Health Partners Edgbaston Birmingham UK
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing University of Birmingham Birmingham UK
- University of Leeds (GB)
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- Sandwell & West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Hardy, Rowan S
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Journal of Pathology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2016-10-18
- Volume
- 240
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 472-483
- ISSN
- 0022-3417 (ISSN-L)
- 1096-9896
- PMC
- PMC5111591
- OpenAlex
- W2508503562
- Cited by
- 37
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 1.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- The Journal of Pathology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) (acceptedVersion)
- Aston Publications Explorer (Aston University) (acceptedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Nottingham Trent University's Institutional Repository (Nottingham Trent Repository) (submittedVersion)
- Open Research Exeter (University of Exeter) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Arthritis Research UK (19859, 20843)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Inflammatory Myopathies and Dermatomyositis
- Keywords
- muscle atrophy, myositis, glucocorticoids, TNF-α, muscle inflammation, myotubes, inflammatory cytokines, muscle fibers
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Animals, Biopsy, Cells, Cultured, Chronic Disease, Disease Models, Animal, Glucocorticoids, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Mice, Transgenic, Middle Aged, Myositis, Species Specificity, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Up-Regulation, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, Cytokines, Muscle, Skeletal, Muscle Fibers, Skeletal, 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1, Sarcopenia
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
