The DOI matches its Crossref record; 23 of the 23 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The super‐droplet method for the numerical simulation of clouds and precipitation: a particle‐based and probabilistic microphysics model coupled with a non‐hydrostatic model
Open accessAbstract
A novel, particle‐based, probabilistic approach for the simulation of cloud microphysics is proposed, which is named the super‐droplet method (SDM). This method enables the accurate simulation of cloud microphysics with a less demanding cost in computation. SDM is applied to a warm‐cloud system, which incorporates sedimentation, condensation/evaporation and stochastic coalescence. The methodology to couple super‐droplets and a non‐hydrostatic model is also developed. It is confirmed that the result of our Monte Carlo scheme for the stochastic coalescence of super‐droplets agrees fairly well with the solutions of the stochastic coalescence equation. The behaviour of the model is evaluated using a simple test problem, that of a shallow maritime cumulus formation initiated by a warm bubble. Possible extensions of SDM are briefly discussed. A theoretical analysis suggests that the computational cost of SDM becomes lower than the spectral (bin) method when the number of attributes—the variables that identify the state of each super‐droplet—becomes larger than some critical value, which we estimate to be in the range$2\sim4$. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Molecular Gas Dynamics And The Direct Simulation Of Gas Flows
Bird, G. A. (1994) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198561958.001.0001 · Cited by 7,269
Microphysics of Clouds and Precipitation
Pruppacher, H. R., Klett, J. D., & Wang, P. K. (1998) · Aerosol Science and Technology · doi:10.1080/02786829808965531 · Cited by 2,827
On the Distribution and Continuity of Water Substance in Atmospheric Circulations
Kessler, E. (1969) · On the Distribution and Continuity of Water Substance in Atmospheric Circulations · doi:10.1007/978-1-935704-36-2_1 · Cited by 1,437
Fundamentals of Atmospheric Modeling
Jacobson, M. Z. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139165389 · Cited by 1,334
The nucleus in and the growth of hygroscopic droplets
Köhler, H. (1936) · Trans. Faraday Soc. · doi:10.1039/tf9363201152 · Cited by 1,184
A short course in cloud physics
Rogers, R. R. (1976) · Cited by 979
Variable Kernel Density Estimation
Terrell, G. R., & Scott, D. W. (1992) · The Annals of Statistics · doi:10.1214/aos/1176348768 · Cited by 911
A New Cloud Physics Parameterization in a Large-Eddy Simulation Model of Marine Stratocumulus
Khairoutdinov, M., & Kogan, Y. (2000) · Monthly Weather Review · doi:10.1175/1520-0493(2000)128<0229:ancppi>2.0.co;2 · Cited by 809
Scale Analysis of Deep and Shallow Convection in the Atmosphere
Ogura, Y., & Phillips, N. A. (1962) · Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences · doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1962)019<0173:saodas>2.0.co;2 · Cited by 730
Terminal Velocity and Shape of Cloud and Precipitation Drops Aloft
Beard, K. V. (1976) · Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences · doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1976)033<0851:tvasoc>2.0.co;2 · Cited by 661
Cited by
Maronga, B., Gryschka, M., Heinze, R., Hoffmann, F., Kanani-Sühring, F., Keck, M., Ketelsen, K., Letzel, M. O., Sühring, M., & Raasch, S. (2015) · Geoscientific Model Development · doi:10.5194/gmd-8-2515-2015 · Cited by 553
Overview of the PALM model system 6.0
Maronga, B., Banzhaf, S., Burmeister, C., Esch, T., Forkel, R., Fröhlich, D., Fuka, V., Gehrke, K. F., Geletič, J., Giersch, S., et al. (2020) · Geoscientific Model Development · doi:10.5194/gmd-13-1335-2020 · Cited by 451
Droplet growth in warm turbulent clouds
Devenish, B. J., Bartello, P., Brenguier, J. ‐., Collins, L. R., Grabowski, W. W., IJzermans, R. H. A., Malinowski, S. P., Reeks, M. W., Vassilicos, J. C., Wang, L. ‐., et al. (2012) · Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society · doi:10.1002/qj.1897 · Cited by 277
Hoffmann, F., & Feingold, G. (2021) · Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences · doi:10.1175/jas-d-21-0077.1 · Cited by 65
Opinion: Optimizing climate models with process knowledge, resolution, and artificial intelligence
Schneider, T., Leung, L. R., & Wills, R. C. J. (2024) · Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics · doi:10.5194/acp-24-7041-2024 · Cited by 53
Metadata
- Authors
- Shima, S., Kusano, K., Kawano, A., Sugiyama, T., & Kawahara, S.
- Venue
- Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-06-19
- Volume
- 135
- Issue
- 642
- Pages
- 1307-1320
- ISSN
- 0035-9009 (ISSN-L)
- 1477-870X
- OpenAlex
- W2021808904
- Cited by
- 297
- References
- 23
- FWCI
- 3.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The super‐droplet method for the numerical simulation of clouds and precipitation: a particle‐based and probabilistic microphysics model coupled with a non‐hydrostatic model. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1002/qj.441
- The paper
- Shima, S., Kusano, K., Kawano, A., Sugiyama, T., & Kawahara, S. (2009). The super‐droplet method for the numerical simulation of clouds and precipitation: a particle‐based and probabilistic microphysics model coupled with a non‐hydrostatic model. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.441
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.