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Cited by 112Herpesvirus Infections and TreatmentsCytomegalovirus and herpesvirus researchVirology and Viral Diseases

Membrane fusion mediated by herpesvirus glycoproteins: the paradigm of varicella-zoster virus

Cole, Nancy L., Grose, Charles·2003·Reviews in Medical Virology
DOI 10.1002/rmv.377
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Abstract

Varicella‐zoster virus (VZV) is well known for its propensity to cause polykaryons (syncytia) in the vesicles within infected skin. Similarly in cultured cells, VZV induces extensive syncytial formation by virus‐mediated cell‐to‐cell fusion. Statistical analyses of fusion parameters demonstrated three‐way interactive effects among all three tested variables (incubation temperature, cell type and virus strain). For example, fusion was greatly enhanced at 33°C vs 37°C; also fusion was pronounced in epidermal cells but negligible in fibroblast cells. As with all herpesviruses, VZV gH was a major fusogen. VZV cell fusion was inhibited by antibody to gH, but surprisingly was enhanced by antibody to gE. Other evidence implicating a role for VZV gE in the fusion process was provided by two mutant viruses, in which gE cell surface expression was enhanced. Under transfection conditions, VZV fusion formation occurred after expression of the gH/gL complex; in contrast, pseudorabies virus requires expression of gH, gL and gB, while the herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2 require the quartet of gH, gL, gB and gD. VZV has no gD gene and no apparent gD functional homologue. On the other hand, VZV gE exerts a greater effect than HSV gE on membrane fusion. Taken together, the data in this review suggest that VZV has evolved viral glycoprotein machinery more geared toward cell‐to‐cell fusion (fusion‐from‐within) than toward virus‐to‐cell fusion (entry/fusion‐from‐without), as a means for syncytium formation within the human epidermis. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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  • Cell-cell fusion, synapse formation, filopodial bridges, and nanotubes have been documented for cytomegaloviruses, varicella zoster virus, pseudorabies virus, and herpes simplex virus.

    “Cell-cell fusion, synapse formation, filopodial bridges, and nanotubes were documented for cytomegaloviruses (CMV), varicella zoster virus (VZV), pseudorabies virus (PRV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) (Cole and Grose, 2003; Dingwell et al., 1994; Favoreel et al., 2005; Gerna et al., 2000; Sweet, 1999; van Leeuwen et al., 2002).”

    From Equid Herpesvirus-1 Exploits the Extracellular Matrix of Mononuclear Cells to Ensure Transport to Target Cells (2020) · cites this paper as Cole and Grose, 2003

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Authors
Cole, N. L., & Grose, C.
Affiliations
University of Iowa (US)
Corresponding author
Grose, Charles
ORCID
Grose, Charles
Venue
Reviews in Medical Virology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2003-06-17
Volume
13
Issue
4
Pages
207-222
ISSN
  • 1052-9276 (ISSN-L)
  • 1099-1654
DOI
10.1002/rmv.377
OpenAlex
W2060968666
Cited by
112
References
76
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 3
FWCI
1.15
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations
  • Reviews in Medical Virology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI 22795, AI 36884, R01AI022795)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Virology and Viral Diseases
Keywords
varicella-zoster virus, herpesvirus glycoproteins, membrane fusion, syncytium formation, gH/gL complex, Ge, glycoprotein B, gadolinium, cell-to-cell fusion, viral entry, epidermal cells, herpesvirus evolution
MeSH terms
Cells, Cultured, Biological Evolution, Herpesviridae, Humans, Membrane Fusion, Membrane Glycoproteins, Microscopy, Electron, Temperature, Transfection, Herpesvirus 3, Human, Viral Envelope Proteins, Viral Matrix Proteins, Viral Proteins, Giant Cells

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