Controlled Release of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles in Encapsulated Microbubbles to Tumor Cells via Sonoporation and Associated Cellular Bioeffects
Abstract
Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles embedded in the shells of encapsulated microbubbles could be used therapeutically as in situ drug-delivery vehicles. Bioeffects on liver tumor cells SMMC-7721 due to the excitation of Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles attached to microbubbles generated by ultrasound (US) are studied in an in vitro setting. The corresponding release phenomenon of Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles from the shells of the microbubbles into the cells via sonoporation and related phenomena, including nanoparticle delivery efficiency, cell trafficking, cell apoptosis, cell cycle, and disturbed flow of intracellular calcium ions during this process, are also studied. Experimental observations show that Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles embedded in the shells of microbubbles can be delivered into the tumor cells; the delivery rate can be controlled by adjusting the acoustic intensity. The living status or behavior of Fe(3)O(4) -tagged tumor cells can then be noninvasively tracked by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It is further demonstrated that the concentration of intracellular Ca(2+) in situ increases as a result of sonoporation. The elevated Ca(2+) is found to respond to the disrupted site in the cell membrane generated by sonoporation for the purpose of cell self-resealing. However, the excessive Ca(2+) accumulation on the membrane results in disruption of cellular Ca(2+) cycling that may be one of the reasons for the death of the cells at the G1 phase. The results also show that the Fe(3)O(4) -nanoparticle-embedded microbubbles have a lower effect on cell bioeffects compared with the non-Fe(3)O(4) -nanoparticle-embedded microbubbles under the same US intensity, which is beneficial for the delivery of nanoparticles and simultaneously maintains the cellular viability.
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The use of ultrasound and microbubbles increases the permeability of vascular endothelium and cellular membranes through sonoporation, thereby promoting uptake of therapeutic compounds at target sites and in target cells.
“In case of indirect drug delivery, the use of US and MB increases the permeability of vascular endothelium and cellular membranes, through a process called sonoporation, thereby promoting the uptake of therapeutic compounds at target sites and in target cells [247, 248].”
From Iron oxide nanoparticles: Diagnostic, therapeutic and theranostic applications (2019) · cites this paper as [248]
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Iron oxide nanoparticles: Diagnostic, therapeutic and theranostic applications
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Yang, F., Zhang, M., He, W., Chen, P., Cai, X., Yang, L., Gu, N., & Wu, J.
- Affiliations
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering (CN)
- University of Vermont (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gu, Ning
- Venue
- Small
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011-02-25
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 902-910
- ISSN
- 1613-6810 (ISSN-L)
- 1613-6829
- OpenAlex
- W1964505829
- Cited by
- 51
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 3.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Small (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
- Keywords
- Fe3O4 nanoparticles, encapsulated microbubbles, sonoporation, controlled release, ultrasound-mediated drug delivery, liver tumor cells, SMMC-7721, intracellular calcium, apoptosis, cell cycle, G1 phase, cell membrane damage, sound intensity
- MeSH terms
- Calcium, Cell Survival, Ferric Compounds, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Sonication, Microbubbles, Cell Line, Tumor, Metal Nanoparticles
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