The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Why individual vigilance declines as group size increases
Overview
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Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
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Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
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Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
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Citations
Cites
Hamilton, W. D. (1971) · Journal of Theoretical Biology · doi:10.1016/0022-5193(71)90189-5 · Cited by 3,506
PREDATOR VIGILANCE AND GROUP SIZE IN MAMMALS AND BIRDS: A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE
ELGAR, M. A. (1989) · Biological Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1469-185x.1989.tb00636.x · Cited by 1,119
Cited by
Social baseline theory: The role of social proximity in emotion and economy of action
Beckes, L., & Coan, J. A. (2011) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/j.1751-9004.2011.00400.x · Cited by 533
The ecology of human fear: survival optimization and the nervous system
Mobbs, D., Hagan, C. C., Dalgleish, T., Silston, B., & Prévost, C. (2015) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2015.00055 · Cited by 498
Creel, S., & Winnie, J. A. (2005) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2004.07.022 · Cited by 338
Social baseline theory: the social regulation of risk and effort
Coan, J. A., & Sbarra, D. A. (2015) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2014.12.021 · Cited by 313
Childress, M. J., & Lung, M. A. (2003) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1006/anbe.2003.2217 · Cited by 304
Metadata
- Authors
- ROBERTS, G.
- Venue
- Animal Behaviour
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1996-05
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1077-1086
- ISSN
- 0003-3472 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1981847848
- Cited by
- 920
- References
- 2
- FWCI
- 15.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Why individual vigilance declines as group size increases. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1006/anbe.1996.0109
- The paper
- ROBERTS, G. (1996). Why individual vigilance declines as group size increases. Animal Behaviour. https://doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1996.0109
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
