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Rapid Formation of Advanced Glycation End Products by Intermediate Metabolites of Glycolytic Pathway and Polyol Pathway
Abstract
To clarify roles of intermediate metabolites of the glycolytic pathway and the polyol pathway in nonenzymatic glycation under physiological conditions, we incubated bovine serum albumin with intermediates of both pathways in the micromolar range as well as with 20 mmol/l glucose, and observed the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). We found that triose phosphates, glyceraldehyde, and a novel polyol pathway-related metabolite, fructose 3-phosphate along with its breakdown product, 3-deoxyglucosone were extremely potent glycating agents that at nearly physiological concentrations on incubation with albumin produced substantial amounts of AGEs as early as 24 hours, while 20 mmol/l glucose afforded trace amounts of AGEs after two week incubation. The results along with the previous evidence of the increased level of intermediates in diabetic states may suggest that the intermediate metabolites rather than glucose contribute to enhanced glycation in diabetic tissues, inspite of the much lower concentrations compared with glucose.
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“Excess glucose is metabolized through the polyol pathway to fructose and its metabolites, which are potent glycating agents.”
From The Vasculature in Prediabetes (2018) · cites this paper as [54]
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Non-enzymatic glycation mediated structure–function changes in proteins: case of serum albumin
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A Study on the Effects to Diabetic Nephropathy of Hachimi-jio-gan in Rats
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Effect of carbonyl compounds on red blood cells deformability
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“D-glucose and D-galactose need quite long periods to directly glycate, while some of their metabolites, such as glucose-6-phosphate, fructose-6-phosphate, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and a polyol pathway-related metabolite, fructose-3-phosphate, are able to produce AGEs within 24 h [19, 20 ].”
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Immortalized Adult Rodent Schwann Cells as In Vitro Models to Study Diabetic Neuropathy
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“It is also important to note that some AGE precursors, such as methylglyoxal (MG) and 3-deoxyglucosone (3DG), are generated via the polyol pathway [43].”
BackgroundAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis alters the metabolic aging profile in patient derived fibroblasts
Gerou, M., Hall, B., Woof, R., Allsop, J., Kolb, S. J., Meyer, K., Shaw, P. J., & Allen, S. P. (2021) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.04.013 · Cited by 26
“Increased levels of both intermediates enhance the production of dicarbonyls such as methylglyoxal, which in turn lead to more stable advanced glycation end products (AGEs) ( Hamada et al., 1996 ).”
Evolution of enzymes in a series is driven by dissimilar functional demands
Salvador, A., & Savageau, M. A. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0510776103 · Cited by 25
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Naudí, A., Jové, M., Cacabelos, D., et al. (2012) · Amino Acids · doi:10.1007/s00726-012-1339-2 · Cited by 23
“The described AGEs/ALEs are mostly derivatives of lysine and arginine residues formed by reaction of the amino or guanidino groups on protein with electrophilic intermediates derived from carbohydrate and lipid oxidation or metabolism (Hamada et al. 1996; Nagai et al. 2007).”
Moiz, B., Garcia, J., Basehore, S. E., Sun, A., Li, A., Padmanabhan, S., Albus, K., Jang, C., Sriram, G., & Clyne, A. M. (2021) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo11040226 · Cited by 22
“Fructose can then be converted to 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG), which promotes formation of damaging advanced glycation end products (AGE) [12].”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Hamada, Y., Araki, N., Koh, N., Nakamura, J., Horiuchi, S., & Hotta, N.
- Affiliations
- Nagoya University (JP)
- Kumamoto University (JP)
- Nagoya University Hospital (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Hamada, Yoji
- Venue
- Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1996-11
- Volume
- 228
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 539-543
- ISSN
- 0006-291X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2035592628
- Cited by
- 169
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 2.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Advanced Glycation End Products research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Potato Plant Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Keywords
- advanced glycation end products, glycation, polyol pathway, 3-deoxyglucosone, glyceraldehyde, triose phosphate, bovine serum albumin, diabetes mellitus
- MeSH terms
- Glycated Serum Albumin, Animals, Cattle, Deoxyglucose, Glucose, Glyceraldehyde, Glycolysis, Glycosylation, Kinetics, Serum Albumin, Serum Albumin, Bovine, Sorbitol, Substrate Specificity, Sugar Phosphates, Glycation End Products, Advanced
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