Toward a Unified Theory of Narcosis: Brain Imaging Evidence for a Thalamocortical Switch as the Neurophysiologic Basis of Anesthetic-Induced Unconsciousness

Co-planar stereotaxic atlas of the human brain : 3-dimensional proportional system : an approach to cerebral imaging

Talairach, J., Tournoux, P., & Rayport, M. (1988) · Thieme eBooks · Cited by 5,058

Brain stem reticular formation and activation of the EEG

Moruzzi, G., & Magoun, H. W. (1949) · Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/0013-4694(49)90219-9 · Cited by 4,307

Thalamocortical oscillations in the sleeping and aroused brain

Steriade, M., McCormick, D. A., & Sejnowski, T. J. (1993) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.8235588 · Cited by 3,564

Tomographic measurement of local cerebral glucose metabolic rate in humans with (F‐18)2‐fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose: Validation of method

Phelps, M. E., Huang, S. C., Hoffman, E. J., Selin, C. E., Sokoloff, L., & Kuhl, D. E. (1979) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410060502 · Cited by 2,417

Molecular and cellular mechanisms of general anaesthesia

Franks, N. P., & Lieb, W. R. (1994) · Nature · doi:10.1038/367607a0 · Cited by 1,786

Comparing Functional (PET) Images: The Assessment of Significant Change

Friston, K. J., Frith, C., Liddle, P. F., & Frackowiak, R. S. J. (1991) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.1991.122 · Cited by 1,626

Coherent 40-Hz oscillation characterizes dream state in humans.

Llinás, R., & Ribary, U. (1993) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.90.5.2078 · Cited by 962

Noninvasive determination of local cerebral metabolic rate of glucose in man

Huang, S. C., Phelps, M. E., Hoffman, E. J., Sideris, K., Selin, C. J., & Kuhl, D. E. (1980) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1980.238.1.e69 · Cited by 926

Minimum Alveolar Anesthetic Concentration

Eger, E. I., Saidman, L. J., & Brandstater, B. (1965) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/00000542-196511000-00010 · Cited by 868

The Astonishing Hypothesis

Crick, F. H. C. (1996) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-199606000-00013 · Cited by 794

Progress of Brain Network Studies on Anesthesia and Consciousness: Framework and Clinical Applications

Liu, J., Dong, K., Sun, Y. M., Kakkos, I., Huang, F., Wang, G., Qi, P., Chen, X., Zhang, D., Bezerianos, A., et al. (2021) · Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.eng.2021.11.013 · Cited by 23

Propofol-mediated Unconsciousness Disrupts Progression of Sensory Signals through the Cortical Hierarchy

Tauber, J., Brincat, S. L., Stephen, E. P., Donoghue, J., Kozachkov, L., Brown, E. N., & Miller, E. K. (2023) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn_a_02081 · Cited by 23

The effect of age on human motor electrocorticographic signals and implications for brain–computer interface applications

Roland, J. L., Miller, K. J., Freudenburg, Z. V., Sharma, M., Smyth, M. D., Gaona, C. M., Breshears, J. D., Corbetta, M., & Leuthardt, E. C. (2011) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2560/8/4/046013 · Cited by 22

Regional knockdown of NDUFS4 implicates a thalamocortical circuit mediating anesthetic sensitivity

Ramadasan-Nair, R., Hui, J., Zimin, P. I., Itsara, L. S., Morgan, P. G., & Sedensky, M. M. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0188087 · Cited by 22

Physics of brain dynamics: Fokker–Planck analysis reveals changes in EEG δ–θ interactions in anæsthesia

Bahraminasab, A., Ghasemi, F., Stefanovska, A., McClintock, P. V. E., & Friedrich, R. (2009) · New Journal of Physics · doi:10.1088/1367-2630/11/10/103051 · Cited by 22

General Anaesthesia and Consciousness

Alkire, M. T. (2009) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-374168-4.00010-1 · Cited by 22

Hunting the ghost: toward a neuroscience of consciousness

Stoerig, P. (2007) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511816789.026 · Cited by 21

Analyzing the Loss and the Recovery of Consciousness: Functional Connectivity Patterns and Changes in Heart Rate Variability During Propofol-Induced Anesthesia

Sattin, D., Duran, D., Visintini, S., Schiaffi, E., Panzica, F., Carozzi, C., Sebastiano, D. R., Visani, E., Tobaldini, E., Carandina, A., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2021.652080 · Cited by 20

Neural Network–Based Classification of Anesthesia/Awareness Using Granger Causality Features

Nicolaou, N., & Georgiou, J. (2013) · Clinical EEG and Neuroscience · doi:10.1177/1550059413486271 · Cited by 21

Detecting the signature of reticulothalamocortical communication in cerebrocortical electrical activity

Frasch, M. G., Walter, B. L., Friedrich, H., Hoyer, D., Eiselt, M., & Bauer, R. (2007) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2007.05.071 · Cited by 21

Multiscale depth of anaesthesia prediction for surgery using frontal cortex electroencephalography

Nsugbe, E., & Connelly, S. (2022) · Healthcare Technology Letters · doi:10.1049/htl2.12025 · Cited by 20

Computational Aspects of Anesthetic Action in Simple Neural Models

Gottschalk, A., & Haney, P. M. (2003) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/00000542-200302000-00037 · Cited by 20

The general anaesthetic etomidate inhibits the excitability of mouse thalamocortical relay neurons by modulating multiple modes of GABA A receptor‐mediated inhibition

Herd, M. B., Lambert, J. J., & Belelli, D. (2014) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.12601 · Cited by 19

Dynamic Reconfiguration, Fragmentation, and Integration of Whole-Brain Modular Structure across Depths of Unconsciousness

Standage, D., Areshenkoff, C. N., Nashed, J. Y., Hutchison, R. M., Hutchison, M., Heinke, D. G., Menon, R. S., Everling, S., & Gallivan, J. P. (2020) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhaa085 · Cited by 17

Preoptic Area Modulation of Arousal in Natural and Drug Induced Unconscious States

Reitz, S. L., & Kelz, M. B. (2021) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2021.644330 · Cited by 19

Hyperventilation-induced hypocapnia changes the pattern of electroencephalographic bicoherence growth during sevoflurane anaesthesia

Hayashi, K., Fujikawa, M., & Sawa, T. (2008) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/aen269 · Cited by 18

Individualized Thalamic Parcellation Reveals Alterations in Shape and Microstructure of Thalamic Nuclei in Patients with Disorder of Consciousness

Zheng, W., Tan, X., Liu, T., Li, X., Gao, J., Hong, L., Zhang, X., Zhao, Z., Yu, Y., Zhang, Y., et al. (2021) · Cerebral Cortex Communications · doi:10.1093/texcom/tgab024 · Cited by 16

Global field synchrony during general anaesthesia

Nicolaou, N., & Georgiou, J. (2013) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/aet350 · Cited by 17

Changes in thalamo-frontal interaction under different levels of anesthesia in rats

Shin, T. J., Cho, D., Ham, J., Choi, D., Kim, S., Jeong, S., Kim, H.-I., Kim, J. G., & Lee, B. (2016) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2016.05.045 · Cited by 17

Drug-induced sleep endoscopy: techniques, interpretation and implications

Stanley, J. J. (2020) · Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine · doi:10.1097/mcp.0000000000000723 · Cited by 18

Application of quinpirole in the paraventricular thalamus facilitates emergence from isoflurane anesthesia in mice

Ao, Y., Yang, B., Zhang, C., Li, S., & Xu, H. (2020) · Brain and Behavior · doi:10.1002/brb3.1903 · Cited by 19

Statistical modeling of behavioral dynamics during propofol-induced loss of consciousness

Wong, K. F. K., Smith, A. C., Pierce, E. T., Harrell, P. G., Walsh, J. L., Salazar-Gómez, A. F., Tavares, C. L., Purdon, P. L., & Brown, E. N. (2014) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2014.01.026 · Cited by 16

The forced walking test: A novel test for pinpointing the anesthetic-induced transition in consciousness in mouse

Hwang, E., Kim, S., Shin, H., & Choi, J. H. (2010) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2010.01.028 · Cited by 16

Effects of Etomidate on GABAergic and Glutamatergic Transmission in Rat Thalamocortical Slices

Fu, B., Wang, Y., Yang, H., & Yu, T. (2016) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1007/s11064-016-2042-6 · Cited by 16

Altered stimulus representation in rat auditory cortex is not causal for loss of consciousness under general anaesthesia

Banks, M. I., Moran, N., Krause, B. M., Grady, S. M., Uhlrich, D. J., & Manning, K. A. (2018) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1016/j.bja.2018.05.054 · Cited by 17

Cognitive Unbinding in Sleep and Anesthesia

Mashour, G. A. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.310.5755.1768b · Cited by 16

Thalamic T-Type Calcium Channels as Targets for Hypnotics and General Anesthetics

Stamenić, T. T., & Todorovic, S. M. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23042349 · Cited by 16

Cortical Disintegration Mechanism of Anesthetic-Induced Unconsciousness

Hudetz, A. G. (2009) · Contemporary clinical neuroscience · doi:10.1007/978-1-60761-462-3_5 · Cited by 16

Analogous cortical reorganization accompanies entry into states of reduced consciousness during anesthesia and sleep

Krause, B. M., Campbell, D. I., Kovach, C. K., Mueller, R. N., Kawasaki, H., Nourski, K. V., & Banks, M. I. (2023) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhad249 · Cited by 15

Propofol Anesthesia Decreased the Efficiency of Long-Range Cortical Interaction in Humans

Liang, Z., Jin, X., Ren, Y., Yu, T., & Xiaoli Li, A. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1109/tbme.2021.3090027 · Cited by 14

Anesthesia—A Descent or a Jump into the Depths?

Veselis, R. A. (2001) · Consciousness and Cognition · doi:10.1006/ccog.2001.0513 · Cited by 14

Historical and Modern Evidence for the Role of Reward Circuitry in Emergence

Heshmati, M., & Bruchas, M. R. (2022) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/aln.0000000000004148 · Cited by 15

Anaesthesia and sleep

Gent, T. C., & Adamantidis, A. (2017) · Clinical and Translational Neuroscience · doi:10.1177/2514183x17726281 · Cited by 13

Human Consciousness: The Role of Cerebral and Cerebellar Cortex, Vagal Afferents, and Beyond

Abdulgader, A. A. A. (2020) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.95040 · Cited by 14

Inhaled isoflurane for sedation of mechanically ventilated children in intensive care (IsoCOMFORT): a multicentre, randomised, active-control, assessor-masked, non-inferiority phase 3 trial

Miatello, J., Palacios-Cuesta, A., Radell, P. J., Oberthuer, A., PLAYFOR, S. D., Amores-Hernández, I., Barreault, S., Biedermann, R., Molina, M. T. C., Martínez, J. E., et al. (2025) · The Lancet Respiratory Medicine · doi:10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00203-6 · Cited by 12

Cytosolic ATP Relieves Voltage-Dependent Inactivation of T-Type Calcium Channels and Facilitates Excitability of Neurons in the Rat Central Medial Thalamus

Stamenić, T. T., & Todorovic, S. M. (2018) · eNeuro · doi:10.1523/eneuro.0016-18.2018 · Cited by 12

Insomnia may increase anesthetic requirement

Erden, V., Abitağaoğlu, S., Güler, C., Doğan, Z., Kırgezen, Ş., & Abut, Y. Ç. (2016) · Journal of Clinical Anesthesia · doi:10.1016/j.jclinane.2016.05.020 · Cited by 12

Consciousness and cognition

Pryor, K. O., & Veselis, R. A. (2006) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-03707-5.50035-8 · Cited by 14

Spatiotemporal patterns of population response in the visual cortex under isoflurane: from wakefulness to loss of consciousness

Margalit, S. N., Golomb, N. G., Tsur, O., Yehoshua, E. B., Raz, A., & Slovin, H. (2022) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhac031 · Cited by 13

Influence of Clinical and Genetic Factors on Propofol Dose Requirements: A Genome-wide Association Study

Ahlström, S., Bergman, P., Jokela, R., Olkkola, K. T., Kaunisto, M. A., & Kalso, E. A. (2024) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/aln.0000000000005036 · Cited by 12

Anesthetics and cerebral metabolism

Gyulai, F. E. (2004) · Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology · doi:10.1097/00001503-200410000-00008 · Cited by 11

Messages from the Brain Connectivity Regarding Neural Correlates of Consciousness

Jin, S., & Chung, C. K. (2012) · Experimental Neurobiology · doi:10.5607/en.2012.21.3.113 · Cited by 11

Consciencia, cognición y redes neuronales: nuevas perspectivas

Aldana, E. M., Valverde, J. L., & Fàbregas, N. (2015) · Revista Española de Anestesiología y Reanimación · doi:10.1016/j.redar.2015.04.005 · Cited by 11

Was wissen wir über Narkosemechanismen?

Eckle, V., Hucklenbruch, C., & Todorovic, S. M. (2009) · Der Anaesthesist · doi:10.1007/s00101-009-1618-9 · Cited by 12

Volatile Anesthetic Action in a Computational Model of the Thalamic Reticular Nucleus

Gottschalk, A., & Miotke, S. (2009) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/aln.0b013e31819db923 · Cited by 11

Impact of Age on the Occurrence of Processed Electroencephalographic Burst Suppression

Schwerin, S., Schneider, G. H., Kreuzer, M., & Kratzer, S. (2024) · Anesthesia & Analgesia · doi:10.1213/ane.0000000000007143 · Cited by 10

Attenuation of Native Hyperpolarization-Activated, Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channel Function by the Volatile Anesthetic Sevoflurane in Mouse Thalamocortical Relay Neurons

Schwerin, S., Kopp, C., Pircher, E., Schneider, G. H., Kreuzer, M., Haseneder, R., & Kratzer, S. (2021) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2020.606687 · Cited by 11

Oral alprazolam acutely increases nucleus accumbens perfusion

Wolf, D. H., Pinkham, A. E., Satterthwaite, T. D., Ruparel, K., Elliott, M. A., Valdez, J. N., Smith, M. A., Detre, J. A., Gur, R. C., & Gur, R. E. (2012) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2012.139 · Cited by 10

Consciousness and Anesthesia

Teig, M., Hudetz, A. G., & Mashour, G. A. (2012) · Advances in Anesthesia · doi:10.1016/j.aan.2012.08.001 · Cited by 10

Mechanisms of inhibition of CaV3.1 T-type calcium current by aliphatic alcohols

Eckle, V., & Todorovic, S. M. (2010) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2010.03.016 · Cited by 10

Recovery of memory after general anaesthesia: clinical findings and somatosensory evoked responses

Rundshagen, I., Schnabel, K., & Esch, J. S. A. (2002) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/88.3.362 · Cited by 10

Editorial I

Menon, D. K. (2001) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/86.5.607 · Cited by 10

Similar destabilization of neural dynamics under different general anesthetics

Eisen, A. J., Bardon, A. G., Ballesteros, J. J., Bastos, A. M., Donoghue, J., Mahnke, M. K., Brincat, S. L., Roy, J. E., Ishizawa, Y., Brown, E. N., et al. (2026) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2026.117048 · Cited by 8

Statistical Frequency-Dependent Analysis of Trial-to-Trial Variability in Single Time Series by Recurrence Plots

Tošić, T., Sellers, K. K., Fröhlich, F., Fedotenkova, M., Graben, P. B., & Hutt, A. (2016) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2015.00184 · Cited by 10

Anesthésiques halogénés

Odin, I., & Nathan, N. (2005) · EMC-Anesthésie réanimation/Encyclopédie médico-chirurgicale. Anesthésie, réanimation · doi:10.1016/j.emcar.2005.03.001 · Cited by 8

Primary states of consciousness: A review of historical and contemporary developments

Schoeller, F. (2023) · Consciousness and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.concog.2023.103536 · Cited by 8

A Pharmacokinetics-Neural Mass Model (PK-NMM) for the Simulation of EEG Activity during Propofol Anesthesia

Liang, Z., Duan, X., Su, C., Voss, L. J., SLEIGH, J. W., & Li, X. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0145959 · Cited by 8

Adaptive Skeletal Muscle Action Requires Anticipation and “Conscious Broadcasting”

Poehlman, T. A., Jantz, T. K., & Morsella, E. (2012) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00369 · Cited by 8

Changes in the upper airway following induction of anaesthesia: a prospective observational study protocol to determine the use of ultrasound in the assessment of a difficult airway in China

Fang, D., Wang, Y., Wang, X., Zhao, H., & Ma, W. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029782 · Cited by 8

Phosphoproteome Profiling of SH-SY5y Neuroblastoma Cells Treated with Anesthetics: Sevoflurane and Isoflurane Affect the Phosphorylation of Proteins Involved in Cytoskeletal Regulation

Lee, J., Ahn, E.-S., Park, W. K., & Park, S. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0162214 · Cited by 8

Positron Emission Tomography Studies of Intelligence

Haier, R. J. (2003) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-008043793-4/50039-8 · Cited by 8

Deciphering consciousness: The role of corticothalamocortical interactions in general anesthesia

Zhou, Y., Huang, S., Zhang, T., Deng, D., Huang, L., & Chen, X. (2025) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2025.107593 · Cited by 7

Cosmological Implications of Near-Death Experiences

Greyson, B. (2011) · Cited by 7

The right thalamus may play an important role in anesthesia-awakening regulation in frogs

Fan, Y., Yue, X., Xue, F., Brauth, S. E., Tang, Y., & Fang, G. (2018) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.4516 · Cited by 7

Stereotactic approach and electrophysiological characterization of thalamic reticular and dorsolateral nuclei of the juvenile pig

Frasch, M. G., Walter, B. L., Brodhun, M., Friedrich, H., Eiselt, M., & Bauer, A. (2006) · Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis · doi:10.55782/ane-2006-1586 · Cited by 7

Proteomic profiling of the phosphoproteins in the rat thalamus, hippocampus and frontal lobe after propofol anesthesia

Tang, J. Y., Xue, Q., Ding, H., Qin, Z., Xiao, J., Lin, C., Liu, Y., & Tao, T. (2014) · BMC Anesthesiology · doi:10.1186/1471-2253-14-3 · Cited by 7

Brain mechanisms of impaired consciousness in epilepsy

Cavanna, A. E., & Ali, F. (2011) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511977145.018 · Cited by 7

Corresponding minimum alveolar concentrations of isoflurane and isoflurane/nitrous oxide have divergent effects on thalamic nociceptive signalling

Vahle-Hinz, C., Detsch, O., Hackner, C., & Kochs, E. F. (2007) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/ael332 · Cited by 7

The sometimes pernicious role of theory in science

John, E. R. (2006) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2006.01.007 · Cited by 7

Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Anesthetic Management of Patients with Neurologic Disease

Otto, K. A. (2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119421375.ch28 · Cited by 7

Multimodal pathophysiological dataset of gradual cerebral ischemia in a cohort of juvenile pigs

Frasch, M. G., Walter, B. L., Herry, C. L., & Bauer, R. (2021) · Scientific Data · doi:10.1038/s41597-020-00781-y · Cited by 7

What does pain signify? A hypothesis concerning pain, the immune system and unconscious pain experience under general anesthesia

Neuman, Y. (2004) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2004.02.056 · Cited by 6

Monitoring Anesthetic Effect

Sloan, T. B., & Jameson, L. C. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-0308-1_16 · Cited by 6

Consciousness and Anesthesia

Adapa, R. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-47609-4_4 · Cited by 6

Advancing the neurobiology of insomnia, a commentary on: “Functional imaging of the sleeping brain” by Drummond et al.

Nofzinger, E. A. (2004) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2004.03.003 · Cited by 6

The Effect of Sevoflurane Inhalation on Gabaergic Neurons Activation: Observation on the GAD67‐GFP Knock‐In Mouse

Han, L., Zhang, H., Wang, W., Wei, Y., Sun, X., Yanagawa, Y., Li, Y., Xu, L., & Wu, S. (2010) · The Anatomical Record · doi:10.1002/ar.21113 · Cited by 6

Biophysical Modulations of Functional Connectivity

Peltier, S., & Shah, Y. (2011) · Brain Connectivity · doi:10.1089/brain.2011.0039 · Cited by 6

Postoperative neurocognitive and psycho-emotional disorders in patients with internal carotid arteries atherosclerosis after carotid endarterectomy

Belov, Y. V., Medvedeva, L. A., Zagorulko, O. I., Komarov, R. N., & Drakina, O. V. (2015) · Russian Journal of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery · doi:10.17116/kardio20158437-42 · Cited by 6

Topographic Reconfiguration of Local and Shared Information in Anesthetic-Induced Unconsciousness

Lee, H., Huang, Z., Liu, X., Lee, U., & Hudetz, A. G. (2018) · Entropy · doi:10.3390/e20070518 · Cited by 6

The changes in neural complexity and connectivity in thalamocortical and cortico-cortical systems after propofol-induced unconsciousness in different temporal scales

Liang, Z., Fan, L., Zhang, B., Shu, W., Li, D., Li, X., & Yu, T. (2025) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121193 · Cited by 5

Functional Neuroimaging During Asleep DBS Surgery: A Proof of Concept Study

Sammartino, F., Taylor, P. A., Chen, G., Reynolds, R. C., Glen, D., & Krishna, V. (2021) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2021.659002 · Cited by 5

Brain Imaging Studies of Personality: The Slow Revolution

Haier, R. J. (2004) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-008044209-9/50018-x · Cited by 5

Differential modulation of thalamo-parietal interactions by varying depths of isoflurane anesthesia

Cho, D., Shin, T. J., Ham, J., Choi, D., Kim, S., Jeong, S., Kim, H.-I., Kim, J. G., & Lee, B. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0175191 · Cited by 5

Using Positron Emission Tomography in Revealing the Mystery of General Anesthesia: Study Design Challenges and Opportunities

Scheinin, H., Alkire, E. C., Scheinin, A., Alkire, M. T., Kantonen, O., & Långsjö, J. (2018) · Methods in enzymology on CD-ROM/Methods in enzymology · doi:10.1016/bs.mie.2018.01.025 · Cited by 5

Oscillations and Synchrony in Cognition

Ward, L. M. (2004) · Understanding complex systems · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-39676-5_12 · Cited by 4

Anesthesia Prevents Auditory Perceptual Learning

Aberg, K. C., Albrecht, É., Tartaglia, E. M., Farron, A., Soom, P., & Herzog, M. H. (2009) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/01.anes.0000363310.19041.90 · Cited by 5

Resistance of brain glucose metabolism to thiopental‐induced CNS depression in newborn piglets

Walter, B. L., Eiselt, M., Cumming, P. D., Xiong, G., Hinz, R., Uthe, S., Brust, P., & Bauer, R. (2013) · International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2012.12.008 · Cited by 4

Optical imaging of the rat brain suggests a previously missing link between top-down and bottom-up nervous system function

Greenfield, S. A., Badin, A.-S., Ferrati, G., & Devonshire, I. M. (2017) · Neurophotonics · doi:10.1117/1.nph.4.3.031213 · Cited by 4

Consciousness and Anesthesia

Mashour, G. A. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800948-2.00009-1 · Cited by 6

Neuronal excitability and sensory responsiveness in the thalamo‐cortical network in a novel rat model of isoelectric brain state

Carton‐Leclercq, A., Lecas, S., Chávez, M., Charpier, S., & Mahon, S. (2020) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp280266 · Cited by 4

The Study of EEG Dynamics During Anesthesia with Cross-Recurrence Rate

Nicolaou, N., & Georgiou, J. (2014) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.195 · Cited by 4

Validity of test scales for neurocognitive and psychoemotional testing in patients with surgical pathology of precerebral arteries

Belov, Y. V., Medvedeva, L. A., Zagorulko, O. I., Komarov, R. N., Drakina, O. V., & Baskova, T. G. (2017) · Pirogov Russian Journal of Surgery · doi:10.17116/hirurgia2017567-75 · Cited by 4

Time rescaling reproduces EEG behavior during transition from propofol anesthesia-induced unconsciousness to consciousness

Boussen, S., Spiegler, A., Bénar, C., Carrère, M., Bartoloméi, F., Métellus, P., Voituriez, R., Velly, L. J., Bruder, N. J., & Trébuchon, A. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-24405-z · Cited by 4

Layer IV of the primary somatosensory cortex has the highest complexity under anesthesia and cortical complexity is modulated by specific thalamic inputs

Wang, Z.-H., Ming-hua, C., Yang, J., Sun, J., Lee, H.-C., & Shyu, B. (2006) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.01.070 · Cited by 3

Essential drugs in anesthetic practice

Evers, A. S., Maze, M., & Kharasch, E. D. (2011) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511781933.025 · Cited by 3

Estimation of the propagation direction and spectral properties of the EEG signals registered during sevoflurane anaesthesia using Directed Transfer Function method

Olejarczyk, E., Kamiński, M., Marciniak, R., Byrczek, T., Stasiowski, M. J., Jałowiecki, P., Sobieszek, A., & Zmysłowski, W. (2011) · Polish Journal of Medical Physics And Engineering · doi:10.2478/v10013-011-0010-7 · Cited by 3

Comparison of anaesthetic- and seizure-induced states of unconsciousness: a narrative review

Gruenbaum, B. F. (2020) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1016/j.bja.2020.07.056 · Cited by 3

Representational ‘touch’ and modulatory ‘retouch’—two necessary neurobiological processes in thalamocortical interaction for conscious experience

Bachmann, T. (2021) · Neuroscience of Consciousness · doi:10.1093/nc/niab045 · Cited by 3

Cortico-centric effects of general anesthetics on cerebrocortical evoked potentials

Voss, L. J., & Sleigh, J. W. (2015) · Neuroscience Bulletin · doi:10.1007/s12264-015-1562-4 · Cited by 3

Fading whispers down the lane: signal propagation in anaesthetized cortical networks

Mashour, G. A., & Hudetz, A. G. (2017) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/aex215 · Cited by 3

General anesthesia and the neural correlates of consciousness

Alkire, M. T., & Miller, J. (2005) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(05)50017-7 · Cited by 230

Suppressing consciousness: Mechanisms of general anesthesia

Hudetz, A. G. (2006) · Seminars in Anesthesia Perioperative Medicine and Pain · doi:10.1053/j.sane.2006.09.003 · Cited by 73

Impaired thalamocortical connectivity in humans during general-anesthetic-induced unconsciousness

White, N. S., & Alkire, M. T. (2003) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/s1053-8119(03)00103-4 · Cited by 223

Consciousness, Anesthesia, and the Thalamocortical System

Mashour, G. A., & Alkire, M. T. (2012) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/aln.0b013e318277a9c6 · Cited by 79

Mechanisms of unconsciousness during general anaesthesia

Bonhomme, V. L., & Hans, P. (2001) · Current Anaesthesia and Critical Care · doi:10.1054/cacc.2001.0308 · Cited by 1