Mouse vaginal opening is an apoptosis-dependent process which can be prevented by the overexpression of Bcl2
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In the mouse, opening of the vaginal cavity to the skin is a late event, occurring around the fifth week of life; it can be induced in sexually immature mice by beta-estradiol injections. We have generated two lines of transgenic mice expressing the human Bcl2 protein in a variety of tissues. The vaginal cavity of the transgenic females remained permanently closed, a condition completely resistant to beta-estradiol injections; this was accompanied by a considerable distension of the genital tract. Histologic studies of vaginal sections at the time of opening to the skin in normal mice showed, by the TUNEL method which detects nuclei with fragmented DNA characteristic of apoptosis, that this event coincides with extensive apoptosis in the lower part of the vaginal mucosa, a process prevented in the bcl2 transgenic mice, which express Bcl2 in suprabasal epithelial cells and in subepithelial cells of the vaginal mucosa. In contrast, two lines of mice bearing a Bcl2 transgene placed under the control of a K10 keratin promoter, whose expression is restricted to the suprabasal layers of the epidermis, had a normal phenotype. Eyelids' formation and opening of the external ear canals, which also occur after birth in the mouse, were not altered in any of these transgenic lines; histological study of eye and ear sections at the time of these events failed to detect apoptosis. In conclusion, the tissue remodeling required to complete maturation of the mouse female genital tract at the time of puberty is an hormonally triggered apoptosis-dependent process.
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In female rodents, the first indicator of the pubertal rise in estradiol is vaginal opening, during which increased circulating estradiol induces apoptosis in cells that form a thin sheath over the vaginal opening.
“In female rodents, the first indicator of the pubertal rise in estradiol is vaginal opening, during which increased circulating estradiol induces apoptosis in cells that form a thin sheath over the vaginal opening”
From Does puberty mark a transition in sensitive periods for plasticity in the associative neocortex? (2017) · cites this paper as Rodriguez et al., 1997
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- Authors
- Rodriguez, I., Araki, K., Khatib, K., Martinou, J.-C., & Vassalli, P.
- Affiliations
- University of Geneva (CH)
- Venue
- Developmental Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1997-04
- Volume
- 184
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 115-121
- ISSN
- 0012-1606 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2038598495
- Cited by
- 88
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Developmental Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Biology and Fertility
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Keywords
- vaginal opening, apoptosis, Bcl-2, transgenic mice, beta-estradiol, vaginal mucosa, puberty, tissue remodeling, TUNEL
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Estradiol, Female, Genitalia, Female, Humans, Keratins, Male, Mice, Transgenic, Mucous Membrane, Organ Specificity, Ovary, Phosphoglycerate Kinase, Phosphopyruvate Hydratase, Promoter Regions, Genetic, RNA, Messenger, Vagina, Apoptosis, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2, Mice, Keratin-10
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