Cited by 137Pain Mechanisms and TreatmentsSpinal Cord Injury ResearchPain Management and Treatment

Chronic pain after clip-compression injury of the rat spinal cord

Bruce, Jamie C., Oatway, Mark A., Weaver, Lynne C.·2002·Experimental Neurology

Abstract

Chronic tactile allodynia and hyperalgesia are frequent complications of spinal cord injury (SCI) with poorly understood mechanisms. Possible causes are plastic changes in the central arbors of nociceptive and nonnociceptive primary sensory neurons and changes in descending modulatory serotonergic pathways. A clinically relevant clip-compression model of SCI in the rat was used to investigate putative mechanisms of chronic pain. Behavioral testing (n = 18 rats) demonstrated that moderate (35 g) or severe (50 g) SCI at the 12th thoracic spinal segment (T-12) reliably produces chronic tactile allodynia and hyperalgesia that can be evoked from the hindpaws and back. Quantitative morphometry (n = 37) revealed no changes after SCI in the density or distribution of Abeta-, Adelta-, and C-fiber central arbors of primary sensory neurons within the thoracolumbar segments T-6 to L-4. This observation rules out a mandatory relationship between pain-related behaviors and changes in the distribution or density of central afferent arbors. The area of serotonin immunoreactivity in the dorsal horn (n = 12) decreased caudal to the injury site (L1-4) and increased threefold rostral to it (T9-11). The decreased serotonin and presence of tactile allodynia and hyperalgesia caudal to the injury are consistent with disruption of descending antinociceptive serotonergic tracts that modulate pain transmission. The functional significance of the increased serotonin in rostral segments may relate to the development of tactile allodynia as serotonin also has known pronociceptive actions. Changes in the descending serotonergic pathway require further investigation, as a disruption of the balance of serotonergic input rostral and caudal to the injury site may contribute to the etiology of chronic pain after SCI.

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Crossref · 10.1006/exnr.2002.8026

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Authors
Bruce, J. C., Oatway, M. A., & Weaver, L. C.
Affiliations
Robarts Research Institute (CA)
Corresponding author
Weaver, Lynne C.
Venue
Experimental Neurology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2002-11
Volume
178
Issue
1
Pages
33-48
ISSN
0014-4886 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2021904427
Cited by
137
References
68
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 8
FWCI
3.80
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Experimental Neurology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada
  • Snap
  • Ontario Neurotrauma Foundation
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Spinal Cord Injury Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Treatment
Keywords
chronic pain, spinal cord injury, clip compression injury, mechanical allodynia, hyperalgesia, primary sensory neurons, serotonin, descending serotonergic pathways, dorsal horn, pronociception, thoracic spinal cord
MeSH terms
Animals, Chronic Disease, Disease Models, Animal, Hyperalgesia, Male, Motor Activity, Nerve Fibers, Myelinated, Neural Inhibition, Neuronal Plasticity, Neurons, Afferent, Pain, Serotonin, Spinal Cord, Spinal Cord Compression, Surgical Instruments, Touch, Rats, Wistar, Nerve Fibers, Unmyelinated, Rats

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