Cited by 51Metabolism and Genetic DisordersLysosomal Storage Disorders ResearchNeurological diseases and metabolism

Evaluation of pharmacological induction of fatty acid β-oxidation in X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy

McGuinness, M.C., Zhang, H.-P., Smith, K.D.·2001·Molecular Genetics and Metabolism

Abstract

X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is an inherited neurometabolic disorder associated with elevated levels of saturated unbranched very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA; C > 22:0) in plasma and tissues, and reduced VLCFA beta-oxidation in fibroblasts, white blood cells, and amniocytes from X-ALD patients. The X-ALD gene (ABCD1) at Xq28 encodes the adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ALDP) that is related to the peroxisomal ATP-binding cassette (ABCD) transmembrane half-transporter proteins. The function of ALDP is unknown and its role in VLCFA accumulation unresolved. Previously, our laboratory has shown that sodium 4-phenylbutyrate (4PBA) treatment of X-ALD fibroblasts results in increased peroxisomal VLCFA beta-oxidation activity and increased expression of the X-ALD-related protein, ALDRP, encoded by the ABCD2 gene. In this study, the effect of various pharmacological agents on VLCFA beta-oxidation in ALD mouse fibroblasts is tested. 4PBA, styrylacetate and benzyloxyacetate (structurally related to 4PBA), and trichostatin A (functionally related to 4PBA) increase both VLCFA (peroxisomal) and long-chain fatty acid [LCFA (peroxisomal and mitochondrial)] beta-oxidation. Isobutyrate, zaprinast, hydroxyurea, and 5-azacytidine had no effect on VLCFA or LCFA beta-oxidation. Lovastatin had no effect on fatty acid beta-oxidation under normal tissue culture conditions but did result in an increase in both VLCFA and LCFA beta-oxidation when ALD mouse fibroblasts were cultured in the absence of cholesterol. The effect of trichostatin A on peroxisomal VLCFA beta-oxidation is shown to be independent of an increase in ALDRP expression, suggesting that correction of the biochemical abnormality in X-ALD is not dependent on pharmacological induction of a redundant gene (ABCD2). These studies contribute to a better understanding of the role of ALDP in VLCFA accumulation and may lead to the development of more effective pharmacological therapies.

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Crossref · 10.1006/mgme.2001.3239

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  • Residual peroxisomal β-oxidation of VLCFA is approximately 20% of normal in X-ALD fibroblasts and can be restored by ABCD2 or ABCD3 overexpression.

    “Consistently, the residual peroxisomal β-oxidation of VLCFA is ~20% of normal in X-ALD fibroblasts [150,151] and can be restored by ABCD2 or ABCD3 overexpression [152,153].”

    From Revisiting the Pathogenesis of X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy (2025) · cites this paper as [150]

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Authors
McGuinness, M. C., Zhang, H.-P., & Smith, K. D.
Affiliations
  • Kennedy Krieger Institute (US)
  • Johns Hopkins University (US)
Corresponding author
McGuinness, M.C.
Venue
Molecular Genetics and Metabolism
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2001-09
Volume
74
Issue
1-2
Pages
256-263
ISSN
1096-7192 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2040022730
Cited by
51
References
56
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
FWCI
2.05
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Molecular Genetics and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD-10981, P01HD010981)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Lysosomal Storage Disorders Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological diseases and metabolism
Keywords
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy, fatty acid beta-oxidation, very long chain fatty acids, ABCD1, ABCD2, peroxisomes, 4-phenylbutyric acid, trichostatin A, lovastatin, cholesterol deficiency, pharmacological induction, fibroblasts
MeSH terms
Adrenoleukodystrophy, Animals, Cell Line, Enzyme Inhibitors, Fatty Acids, Nonesterified, Humans, Hydroxamic Acids, Lovastatin, Phenylbutyrates, X Chromosome, Lipid Peroxidation, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Mice, Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors

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