Cited by 224Potato Plant ResearchCarcinogens and Genotoxicity AssessmentOccupational Health and Safety in Workplaces

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

Determination of Hemoglobin Adducts in Humans Occupationally Exposed to Acrylamide

Bergmark, E., Calleman, C.J., He, F.S., Costa, L.G.·1993·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

DOI 10.1006/taap.1993.1085

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Abstract

Hemoglobin (Hb) adduct determinations were used to monitor occupational exposure to acrylamide (AA) and acrylonitrile (AN). Forty-one workers in a factory in the People's Republic of China who were involved in the synthesis of AA by catalytic hydration of AN and the manufacturing of polyacrylamides were studied. Ten nonexposed workers in the same city served as controls. AA and AN exposures were monitored using the modified Edman degradation procedure for the determination of their respective Hb adducts to N-terminal valine. The adduct levels in the exposed workers were 0.3-34 nmol/g Hb for AA and 0.02-66 nmol/g Hb for AN, as determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The formation of glycidamide (GA), the epoxide metabolite of AA, in humans was demonstrated by GC-MS analysis of its Hb adduct to N-terminal valine following acid hydrolysis, ion-exchange chromatography, and derivatization. The GA adduct was detected in samples from the exposed persons with levels of 1.6-32 nmol/g Hb. There was a linear relationship between the AA and GA adduct levels (r = 0.96) and the ratio of the in vivo doses of GA and AA was 3:10. These results suggest that AA is metabolized to GA in humans, as had previously been shown in the rat. The high AA adduct levels in the exposed workers, as compared to those expected from air concentrations, indicate that dermal exposure may contribute significantly to the total uptake of AA. The average daily in vivo doses of AA and GA in the highest exposed workers were comparable to the in vivo doses in rats injected with 3 mg/kg AA. Since a regimen of 2 mg/kg/day is known to cause a significant increase of tumors in rats, preventive measures may be necessary for humans exposed to high levels of AA in industrial settings.

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“Although hemoglobin adducts in smokers and AA-exposed workers are considered as biomarkers for long-term AA exposure (Bergmark et al. 1993; Bergmark 1997; Schettgen et al. 2004; Urban et al. 2006), blood samples are not always readily available.”
Background
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Background
Zur aktuellen Risikobewertung von Acrylamid in Lebensmitteln
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Background
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“Since 1993, the determination of haemoglobin (hb) adducts of AA is being used to assess the internal effective doses of AA and its metabolic oxidation product glycidamide (GA) (Bergmark 1997; Bergmark et al. 1993; Hagmar et al. 2005; Schettgen et al. 2002, 2003, 2004).”
Method
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“The observed adduct levels were within the range reported as background levels in other studies ( Bergmark et al., 1993; Bergmark, 1997; Perez et al., 1999;, Schettgen et al., 2002).”
BackgroundResultInfluential
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“Furthermore, because of its broad industrial use, professional exposure to acrylamide through dermal absorption (as a predominant route) or inhalation is also important [18].”
Background
The modifying effect of CYP2E1, GST, and mEH genotypes on the formation of hemoglobin adducts of acrylamide and glycidamide in workers exposed to acrylamide
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“Both adducts in the blood of animals nd humans were processed with the modified Edman degradaion and analyzed with gas chromatography coupled with mass pectrometry (GC/MS) (Bergmark et al., 1993; Schettgen et al., 004; Jones et al., 2006), tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS) Paulsson et al.”
Method
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“Although the type of AN exposure was different, CEValine adduct levels in humans have been reported that are similar to those measured here. Bergmark et al. (1993) and Calleman etal.”
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Background
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Background
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“In the studies (3, 10, 23), of acrylamide exposure referred to in this report, the analyses have been performed using procedures (sample preparation and analysis), standards (identification and calibration), and instrumentation (GC-MS/MS) identical to those used with the current case studies.”
MethodResult
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“The other methods are based on a modified Edman degradation (Tomqvist et al., 1988) in which adducts to the Nterminal valine of hemoglobin are detached from the protein as phenylthiohydantoin (PTH) derivatives and analyzed by either gas chromatography or liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry ( Bergmark et…”
Method
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“Third, AA Hb biomarkers can only reflect the exposure level within 120 days, which is not long enough to estimate the cumulative effect of AA exposure across several years [8].”
Background
Overview of Adductomics in Toxicology
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“The peripheral neuropathy in factory workers is accompanied by acrylamide adducts on hemoglobin (Bergmark et al., 1993).”
Background
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BackgroundInfluential
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“Secondly, although a broad set of covariates was adjusted in this study, we cannot exclude the possibility of residual confounders, such as occupational factors [60], and other environmental contaminants [37, 40, 41].”
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Authors: Bergmark, E., Calleman, C. J., He, F. S., & Costa, L. G.
Affiliations: University of Washington (US)
ORCID: Costa, L.G.
Venue: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1993-05
Volume: 120
Issue: 1
Pages: 45-54
ISSN: 0041-008X (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1006/taap.1993.1085
OpenAlex: W1984526404
Cited by: 221
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 10
FWCI: 11.49
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Potato Plant Research
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Occupational Health and Safety in Workplaces
Keywords: acrylamide, acrylonitrile, hemoglobin adducts, glycidamide, occupational exposure, acrylamide synthesis, dermal exposure, biomonitoring, epoxide metabolites
MeSH terms: Acrylamides, Acrylonitrile, Adult, Chromatography, Ion Exchange, Epoxy Compounds, Hemoglobins, Humans, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Models, Theoretical, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Mass Spectrometry, Molecular Structure, Occupational Exposure, Acrylamide

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Determination of Hemoglobin Adducts in Humans Occupationally Exposed to Acrylamide

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