Cited by 1,150Advanced Causal Inference TechniquesStatistical Methods in EpidemiologyOptimal Experimental Design Methods

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Design of Observational Studies

Rosenbaum, Paul R.·2010·Springer Series in Statistics

DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-1213-8

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The Bias Due to Incomplete Matching
Rosenbaum, P. R., & Rubin, D. B. (1985) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2530647 · Cited by 532
Self-citation
Does Cardiac Transplantation Prolong Life?
Gail, M. H. (1972) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-76-5-815 · Cited by 124
Causal Inference in Randomized Experiments
Rosenbaum, P. R. (2009) · Springer series in statistics · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1213-8_2 · Cited by 10
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Competing Theories Structure Design
Rosenbaum, P. R. (2009) · Springer series in statistics · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1213-8_4 · Cited by 4
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Two Simple Models for Observational Studies
Rosenbaum, P. R. (2009) · Springer series in statistics · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1213-8_3 · Cited by 3
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Uncommon but Dramatic Responses to Treatment
Rosenbaum, P. R. (2009) · Springer series in statistics · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1213-8_16 · Cited by 2
Self-citation
Multiple Control Groups
Rosenbaum, P. R. (1995) · Springer series in statistics · doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-2443-1_7 · Cited by 2
Self-citation
Causal Inference in Randomized Experiments
Rosenbaum, P. R. (2021) · Chapman & Hall/CRC eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781003039648-ch1 · Cited by 2
Self-citation
Internal and External Validity
(2020) · doi:10.4135/9781529692730 · Cited by 2
Solutions to Common Problems
(2008) · Apress eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4302-0523-4_18 · Cited by 1

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Self-citation
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“s a result, they are part of the design stage as opposed to the analysis stage of the study (Rubin, 2008), which helps to maintain the objectivity of the study and preserve the validity of its tests (Rosenbaum, 2010). Furthermore, weighting methods are considered to be multipurpose in the sense that one set of weights…”
Background
Medical and Financial Risks Associated With Surgery in the Elderly Obese
Silber, J. H., Rosenbaum, P. R., Kelz, R. R., Reinke, C. E., Neuman, M. D., Ross, R. N., Even‐Shoshan, O., David, G., Saynisch, P. A., Kyle, F. A., et al. (2012) · Annals of Surgery · doi:10.1097/sla.0b013e31825375ef · Cited by 89
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“…is not formally justified, and covariate balance diagnostics, not unlike regression diagnostics, tend to be informal in nature (see chapter 9 of Rosenbaum, 2010 for a related discussion).58 Based on these considerations, we recommend setting the grid values in to be smaller than…”
Background
Identifying and Boosting 'Gazelles': Evidence from Business Accelerators
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A global comparative analysis of impact evaluation methods in estimating the effectiveness of protected areas
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Rerandomization and Regression Adjustment
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Propensity scores based methods for estimating average treatment effect and average treatment effect among treated: A comparative study
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Integrating impact evaluation in the design and implementation of monitoring marine protected areas
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“Following some of the recommendations provided by Rosenbaum (2010, 2011), I apply four criteria.”
Method
Vitamin D status and surgical outcomes: a systematic review
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Is there a role for statistics in artificial intelligence?
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Optimal Matching with Minimal Deviation from Fine Balance in a Study of Obesity and Surgical Outcomes
Yang, D., Small, D. S., Silber, J. H., & Rosenbaum, P. R. (2011) · Biometrics · doi:10.1111/j.1541-0420.2011.01691.x · Cited by 75
Self-citation
Major Medical Outcomes With Spinal Augmentation vs Conservative Therapy
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Method
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How much deforestation do protected areas avoid in tropical Andean landscapes?
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“1 of 100 chance of randomly observing the actual estimate when the null of no statute effect is in fact true (Rosenbaum, 2009).”
BackgroundInfluential
Statistical Causality from a Decision-Theoretic Perspective
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Propensity score analysis with missing data.
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E-Cigarettes and Smoking Cessation: Insights and Cautions From a Secondary Analysis of Data From a Study of Online Treatment-Seeking Smokers
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Template Matching for Auditing Hospital Cost and Quality
Silber, J. H., Rosenbaum, P. R., Ross, R. N., Ludwig, J. M., Wang, W., Niknam, B. A., Mukherjee, N., Saynisch, P. A., Even‐Shoshan, O., Kelz, R. R., et al. (2014) · Health Services Research · doi:10.1111/1475-6773.12156 · Cited by 64
Self-citation
Does It Work for Biodiversity? Experiences and Challenges in the Evaluation of Social Marketing Campaigns
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Generalized Optimal Matching Methods for Causal InferencePreprint
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Are IMF lending programs good or bad for democracy?
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Nonparametric estimation of population average dose-response curves using entropy balancing weights for continuous exposures
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“…history for addressing the challenges inherent in observational studies, often focused on methods involving the propensity score (Rosenbaum and Rubin 1983) and settings where the exposure of interest is binary (see, Rosenbaum (2010), Imbens and Rubin (2015) for examples and extended history).”
Method
An Evaluation of Weighting Methods Based on Propensity Scores to Reduce Selection Bias in Multilevel Observational Studies
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“Thus, further analysis is required to account for latent differences between the treated and control groups on the basis of observed covariates X (inverse probability weighting, propensity score matching, nonparemetric regression, etc.) (Rosenbaum, 2010).”
Background
When possible, report a Fisher-exact P value and display its underlying null randomization distribution
Bind, M., & Rubin, D. B. (2020) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1915454117 · Cited by 66
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“The importance of falsification tests and the use of placebo outcomes is generally discussed in the analysis of experiments literature (e.g., Imbens and Rubin, 2015; Rosenbaum, 2002, 2010).”
Method
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“To conserve space, in the supplemental appendix, we discuss multi-cutoff extrapolation of RD treatment effects using local randomization ideas, and develop randomizationbased estimation and inference methods (Rosenbaum 2010; Imbens and Rubin 2015).”
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Comprehensive School Counseling Programs and Student Achievement Outcomes: A Comparative Analysis of RAMP Versus Non-RAMP Schools
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Single-stage versus multi-stage pull-through for Hirschsprung's disease: Practice trends and outcomes in infants
Sulkowski, J. P., Cooper, J. N., Congeni, A., Pearson, E. G., Nwomeh, B. C., Doolin, E. J., Blakely, M. L., Minneci, P. C., & Deans, K. J. (2014) · Journal of Pediatric Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2014.06.002 · Cited by 57
Two R Packages for Sensitivity Analysis in Observational Studies
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Self-citation
A New Method for Partial Correction of Residual Confounding in Time-Series and Other Observational Studies
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The Evolution of Data Quality: Understanding the Transdisciplinary Origins of Data Quality Concepts and Approaches
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Validating the Use of AP Exam Scores for College Course Placement
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Defining the Study Population for an Observational Study to Ensure Sufficient Overlap: A Tree Approach
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Health disparities, politics, and the maintenance of the status quo: A new theory of inequality
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Exploring the interdisciplinarity patterns of highly cited papers
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Impact of Multiple Matched Controls on Design Sensitivity in Observational Studies
Rosenbaum, P. R. (2013) · Biometrics · doi:10.1111/j.1541-0420.2012.01821.x · Cited by 52
Self-citation
Multivariate Continuous Blocking to Improve Political Science Experiments
Moore, R. T. (2012) · Political Analysis · doi:10.1093/pan/mps025 · Cited by 53
Effect Modification and Design Sensitivity in Observational Studies
Hsu, J. Y., Small, D. S., & Rosenbaum, P. R. (2012) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.2012.742018 · Cited by 56
Self-citation
Machine Learning Methods for Estimating Heterogeneous Causal Eects
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Comparing Outcomes between Antibody Induction Therapies in Kidney Transplantation
Koyawala, N., Silber, J. H., Rosenbaum, P. R., Wang, W., Hill, A. S., Reiter, J. G., Niknam, B. A., Even‐Shoshan, O., Bloom, R. D., Sawinski, D. L., et al. (2017) · Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.1681/asn.2016070768 · Cited by 55
Self-citation
Is the Families First Home Visiting Program Effective in Reducing Child Maltreatment and Improving Child Development?
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Data and methods for studying commercial motor vehicle driver fatigue, highway safety and long-term driver health
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Die Schätzung von kausalen Effekten: Überlegungen zu Methoden der Kausalanalyse anhand von Kontexteffekten in der Schule
Legewie, J. (2012) · KZfSS Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie · doi:10.1007/s11577-012-0158-5 · Cited by 57
Estimating the causal effect of randomization versus treatment preference in a doubly randomized preference trial.
Marcus, S. M., Stuart, E. A., Wang, P., Shadish, W. R., & Steiner, P. M. (2012) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/a0028031 · Cited by 53
What is the influence of government programs on farmer organizations and their impacts? Evidence from Zambia
Minah, M. (2021) · Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics · doi:10.1111/apce.12316 · Cited by 60
The Role of Protected Areas in the Avoidance of Anthropogenic Conversion in a High Pressure Region: A Matching Method Analysis in the Core Region of the Brazilian Cerrado
Paiva, R. J. O., Brites, R. S., & Machado, R. B. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0132582 · Cited by 55
Stronger instruments via integer programming in an observational study of late preterm birth outcomes
Zubizarreta, J. R., Small, D. S., Goyal, N. K., Lorch, S. A., & Rosenbaum, P. R. (2013) · The Annals of Applied Statistics · doi:10.1214/12-aoas582 · Cited by 51
Self-citation
Occupational status benefits of studying abroad and the role of occupational specificity – A propensity score matching approach
Waibel, S., Petzold, K., & Rüger, H. (2018) · Social Science Research · doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2018.05.006 · Cited by 52
Conversations Gone Awry: Detecting Early Signs of Conversational FailurePreprint
Zhang, J., Chang, J. P., Danescu-Niculescu-Mizil, C., Dixon, L., Hua, Y., Thain, N., & Taraborelli, D. (2018) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1805.05345 · Cited by 52
Infrared molecular fingerprinting of blood-based liquid biopsies for the detection of cancer
Huber, M., Kepesidis, K. V., Voronina, L., Fleischmann, F., Fill, E. E., Hermann, J., Koch, I., Milger, K., Kolben, T., Schulz, G. B., et al. (2021) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.68758 · Cited by 53
“In this work, we deploy optimal pair matching using the Mahalanobis distance within propensity score callipers (Rosenbaum, 2010).”
Carbon Emission Trading Scheme, Carbon Emissions Reduction and Spatial Spillover Effects: Quasi-Experimental Evidence From China
Yang, Z., Yuan, Y., & Zhang, Q. (2022) · Frontiers in Environmental Science · doi:10.3389/fenvs.2021.824298 · Cited by 51
“The DID model violates the SUTVA hypothesis of independent and identical distribution, which says one unit should not be affected by the treatment of the other (Cox, 1958; Rosenbaum, 2010), This issue will lead to bias or potential error.”
Method
Observational studies: practical tips for avoiding common statistical pitfalls
Sterrantino, A. F. (2024) · The Lancet Regional Health - Southeast Asia · doi:10.1016/j.lansea.2024.100415 · Cited by 51
Optimal Multilevel Matching in Clustered Observational Studies: A Case Study of the Effectiveness of Private Schools Under a Large-Scale Voucher System
Zubizarreta, J. R., & Keele, L. J. (2016) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.2016.1240683 · Cited by 65
Evaluation of subset matching methods and forms of covariate balance
Resa, M. D. L. A., & Zubizarreta, J. R. (2016) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.7036 · Cited by 55
Studentized Sensitivity Analysis for the Sample Average Treatment Effect in Paired Observational Studies
Fogarty, C. B. (2019) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.2019.1632072 · Cited by 51
“eﬀect is dropped? We address this question both asymptotically and in small and moderate samples in the context of a scenario which is favorable to the researcher as advocated in Rosenbaum (2004) and Rosenbaum (2010, §14): the true average treatment eﬀect, τ¯, is larger than the hypothesized value ¯τ0, and unbeknownst…”
Background

Authors: Rosenbaum, P. R.
Affiliations: University of Pennsylvania (US)
Corresponding author: Rosenbaum, Paul R.
ORCID: Rosenbaum, Paul R.
Venue: Springer Series in Statistics
Publisher: Springer New York
Published: 2010
ISSN: 0172-7397 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-1213-8
OpenAlex: W253646976
Cited by: 1,150
References: 12
Citations by year: 2026: 33 · 2025: 72 · 2024: 58 · 2023: 58 · 2022: 73 · 2021: 115 · 2020: 108 · 2019: 71 · 2018: 73 · 2017: 68 · 2016: 75 · 2015: 85 · 2014: 84 · 2013: 58 · 2012: 55
FWCI: 6.61
Type: book
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (tdm)
www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (vor)
Locations: Springer series in statistics (publishedVersion)
CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion)
Digital Access to Libraries (Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), l'Université de Namur (UNamur) and the Université Saint-Louis (USL-B)) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Science Foundation
Topics: Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Epidemiology
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Optimal Experimental Design Methods
Keywords: observational studies, research design, causal inference, statistical inference, confounding

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