On the Two Different Aspects of the Representative Method: the Method of Stratified Sampling and the Method of Purposive Selection
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The study used stratified sampling to select the top 10 universities from each of six QS World University Rankings 2024 regions, resulting in 60 universities.
“Using stratified sampling (Neyman, 1992), the top 10 universities from each region were selected, resulting in a total of 60 universities.”
From Generative AI in higher education: A global perspective of institutional adoption policies and guidelines (2025) · cites this paper as Neyman, 1992
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“Skepticism about the usefulness of confidence intervals arose as soon as Neyman first articulated the theory (Neyman, 1934).2 In the discussion of Neyman (1934), Bowley, pointing out what we call the fundamental confidence fallacy, expressed skepticism that the confidence interval answers the right question:”
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- Authors
- Neyman, J.
- Affiliations
- Instytut Biologii Doświadczalnej im. Marcelego Nenckiego (PL)
- Corresponding author
- Neyman, Jerzy
- Venue
- Springer Series in Statistics
- Publisher
- Springer New York
- Published
- 1992
- Pages
- 123-150
- ISSN
- 0172-7397 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W202801672
- Cited by
- 932
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 49 · 2020: 47 · 2019: 56 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 40 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 54 · 2014: 46 · 2013: 34 · 2012: 29
- FWCI
- 3.73
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Springer series in statistics (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Survey Sampling and Estimation Techniques
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Survey Methodology and Nonresponse
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Optimal Experimental Design Methods
- Keywords
- representative sampling, stratified sampling, sample selection methods, social statistics
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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