Cited by 616Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot LearningAdvanced Neural Network ApplicationsAdvanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques

An Empirical Study and Analysis of Generalized Zero-Shot Learning for Object Recognition in the Wild

Open access
Chao, Wei-Lun, Changpinyo, Soravit, Gong, Boqing, Sha, Fei·2016·Lecture Notes in Computer Science

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1007/978-3-319-46475-6_4

Cites

3 of 3 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Real-world applications often require models to learn new classes from limited samples while maintaining performance on base classes, which often represent high-frequency classes in the real world.

    “However, real-world applications often require models to learn new classes from limited samples while maintaining performance on base classes, which often represent high-frequency classes in the real world [13, 54].”

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 42

  1. [1]1. Sudderth, E.B., Jordan, M.I.: Shared segmentation of natural scenes using dependent pitman-yor processes. In: NIPS. (2008) 1
  2. [2]2. Salakhutdinov, R., Torralba, A., Tenenbaum, J.: Learning to share visual appearance for multiclass object detection. In: CVPR. (2011) 1
  3. [3]3. Zhu, X., Anguelov, D., Ramanan, D.: Capturing long-tail distributions of object subcategories. In: CVPR. (2014) 1
  4. [4]4. Lampert, C.H., Nickisch, H., Harmeling, S.: Learning to detect unseen object classes by between-class attribute transfer. In: CVPR. (2009) 2, 3
  5. [5]5. Farhadi, A., Endres, I., Hoiem, D., Forsyth, D.: Describing objects by their attributes. In: CVPR. (2009) 2
  6. [6]6. Parikh, D., Grauman, K.: Relative attributes. In: ICCV. (2011) 2
  7. [8]8. Frome, A., Corrado, G.S., Shlens, J., Bengio, S., Dean, J., Ranzato, M., Mikolov, T.: Devise: A deep visual-semantic embedding model. In: NIPS. (2013) 2, 3, 9
  8. [9]9. Socher, R., Ganjoo, M., Manning, C.D., Ng, A.: Zero-shot learning through crossmodal transfer. In: NIPS. (2013) 2, 3, 7, 9, 18, 19, 20, 23
  9. [10]10. Palatucci, M., Pomerleau, D., Hinton, G.E., Mitchell, T.M.: Zero-shot learning with semantic output codes. In: NIPS. (2009) 2, 3
  10. [11]11. Yu, X., Aloimonos, Y.: Attribute-based transfer learning for object categorization with zero/one training example. In: ECCV. (2010) 2, 3
  11. [12]12. Rohrbach, M., Stark, M., Schiele, B.: Evaluating knowledge transfer and zero-shot learning in a large-scale setting. In: CVPR. (2011) 2, 3
  12. [13]13. Kankuekul, P., Kawewong, A., Tangruamsub, S., Hasegawa, O.: Online incremental attribute-based zero-shot learning. In: CVPR. (2012) 2, 3
  13. [14]14. Akata, Z., Perronnin, F., Harchaoui, Z., Schmid, C.: Label-embedding for attributebased classification. In: CVPR. (2013) 2, 3, 21
  14. [15]15. Yu, F.X., Cao, L., Feris, R.S., Smith, J.R., Chang, S.F.: Designing category-level attributes for discriminative visual recognition. In: CVPR. (2013) 2, 3
  15. [16]16. Mensink, T., Gavves, E., Snoek, C.G.: Costa: Co-occurrence statistics for zero-shot classification. In: CVPR. (2014) 2, 3
  16. [17]17. Norouzi, M., Mikolov, T., Bengio, S., Singer, Y., Shlens, J., Frome, A., Corrado, G.S., Dean, J.: Zero-shot learning by convex combination of semantic embeddings. In: ICLR. (2014) 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 18
  17. [18]18. Jayaraman, D., Grauman, K.: Zero-shot recognition with unreliable attributes. In: NIPS. (2014) 2, 3
  18. [19]19. Al-Halah, Z., Stiefelhagen, R.: How to transfer? zero-shot object recognition via hierarchical transfer of semantic attributes. In: WACV. (2015) 2, 3
  19. [20]20. Akata, Z., Reed, S., Walter, D., Lee, H., Schiele, B.: Evaluation of output embeddings for fine-grained image classification. In: CVPR. (2015) 2, 3, 8, 21
  20. [21]21. Fu, Y., Hospedales, T.M., Xiang, T., Gong, S.: Transductive multi-view zero-shot learning. TPAMI (2015) 2, 3
  21. [22]22. Fu, Z., Xiang, T., Kodirov, E., Gong, S.: Zero-shot object recognition by semantic manifold distance. In: CVPR. (2015) 2, 3
  22. [23]23. Li, X., Guo, Y., Schuurmans, D.: Semi-supervised zero-shot classification with label representation learning. In: ICCV. (2015) 2, 3
  23. [24]24. Romera-Paredes, B., Torr, P.H.S.: An embarrassingly simple approach to zero-shot learning. In: ICML. (2015) 2, 3, 21, 23
  24. [25]25. Kodirov, E., Xiang, T., Fu, Z., Gong, S.: Unsupervised domain adaptation for zero-shot learning. In: ICCV. (2015) 2, 3
  25. [26]26. Zhang, Z., Saligrama, V.: Zero-shot learning via semantic similarity embedding. In: ICCV. (2015) 2, 3, 4, 18
  26. [27]27. Zhang, Z., Saligrama, V.: Zero-shot learning via joint latent similarity embedding. In: CVPR. (2016) 2, 3
  27. [28]28. Changpinyo, S., Chao, W.L., Gong, B., Sha, F.: Synthesized classifiers for zero-shot learning. In: CVPR. (2016) 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 18, 23
  28. [29]29. Deng, J., Dong, W., Socher, R., Li, L.J., Li, K., Fei-Fei, L.: Imagenet: A large-scale hierarchical image database. In: CVPR. (2009) 2, 8
  29. [31]31. Tang, K.D., Tappen, M.F., Sukthankar, R., Lampert, C.H.: Optimizing one-shot recognition with micro-set learning. In: CVPR. (2010) 3
  30. [32]32. Gan, C., Yang, Y., Zhu, L., Zhao, D., Zhuang, Y.: Recognizing an action using its name: A knowledge-based approach. IJCV (2016) 1-17 3
  31. [33]33. Elhoseiny, M., Saleh, B., Elgammal, A.: Write a classifier: Zero-shot learning using purely textual descriptions. In: ICCV. (2013) 3, 4, 18
  32. [34]34. Lei Ba, J., Swersky, K., Fidler, S., Salakhutdinov, R.: Predicting deep zero-shot convolutional neural networks using textual descriptions. In: ICCV. (2015) 3
  33. [35]35. Scheirer, W.J., de Rezende Rocha, A., Sapkota, A., Boult, T.E.: Toward open set recognition. TPAMI 35 (7) (2013) 1757-1772 3
  34. [36]36. Scheirer, W.J., Jain, L.P., Boult, T.E.: Probability models for open set recognition. TPAMI 36 (11) (2014) 2317-2324 3
  35. [37]37. Jain, L.P., Scheirer, W.J., Boult, T.E.: Multi-class open set recognition using probability of inclusion. In: ECCV. (2014) 393-409 3
  36. [38]38. Lampert, C.H., Nickisch, H., Harmeling, S.: Attribute-based classification for zeroshot visual object categorization. TPAMI 36 (3) (2014) 453-465 4, 5, 7, 8, 18, 21, 23
  37. [40]40. Kriegel, H.P., Kr¨ oger, P., Schubert, E., Zimek, A.: LoOP: local outlier probabilities. In: CIKM. (2009) 7, 18, 19
  38. [42]42. Mikolov, T., Sutskever, I., Chen, K., Corrado, G.S., Dean, J.: Distributed representations of words and phrases and their compositionality. In: NIPS. (2013) 7
  39. [43]43. Szegedy, C., Liu, W., Jia, Y., Sermanet, P., Reed, S., Anguelov, D., Erhan, D., Vanhoucke, V., Rabinovich, A.: Going deeper with convolutions. In: CVPR. (2015) 8, 23
  40. [44]44. Jia, Y., Shelhamer, E., Donahue, J., Karayev, S., Long, J., Girshick, R., Guadarrama, S., Darrell, T.: Caffe: Convolutional architecture for fast feature embedding. In: ACM Multimedia. (2014) 8
  41. [45]45. Crammer, K., Singer, Y.: On the algorithmic implementation of multiclass kernelbased vector machines. JMLR 2 (2002) 265-292 8
  42. [46]46. Patterson, G., Xu, C., Su, H., Hays, J.: The sun attribute database: Beyond categories for deeper scene understanding. IJCV 108 (1-2) (2014) 59-81 23

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Chao, W.-L., Changpinyo, S., Gong, B., & Sha, F.
Affiliations
  • University of Southern California (US)
  • University of Central Florida (US)
  • University of California, Los Angeles (US)
Corresponding author
Chao, Wei-Lun
Venue
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
Published
2016
Pages
52-68
ISSN
  • 0302-9743 (ISSN-L)
  • 1611-3349
OpenAlex
W2400717490
Cited by
616
References
3
Citations by year
2026: 25 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 67 · 2023: 66 · 2022: 78 · 2021: 106 · 2020: 81 · 2019: 75 · 2018: 49 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 3 · 2012: 1
FWCI
27.30
Type
conference paper
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Lecture notes in computer science (publishedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
  • Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research (submittedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation (1513966, 1208500, 1566511, 1139148, 1065243, 1451412)
  • Army Research Office (W911NF-15-1-, W911NF, W911NF-15)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Advanced Neural Network Applications
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques
Keywords
generalized zero-shot learning, classifier calibration, calibration factor, performance indicators, semantic embeddings, performance upper bound, ImageNet

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review